外研版高中英语必修三学案设计：例句精讲 Module4　SandstormsinAsia Word版含解析.doc

典句精讲sandstorms in asia1.scientists have tried many ways to solve this problem and in china,a mass campaign has been started to help solve it.科学家利用许多方法来解决这个问题，在中国有许多企业参与到其中来。【巧解句构】 本句是个并列句，由and连接。第一个分句是主语+谓语+宾语结构，to solve this problem作目的状语。第二个分句为被动结构。【要点剖析】及物动词start在本文中的意思为“使开始，启动”。start常见含义：发动(汽车)the car wouldnt start this morning.今天早上这辆车发动不起来了。 开创(事业)bruno started his own plumbing business when he was only 24.布鲁诺年仅24岁时就创办了自己的管道设备公司。开始做某事i have just started learning german.我刚开始学德语。【拓展延伸】短语“to start with”意思为“首先，起初”，start with相当于begin with意思为“以开始”。如：i felt nervous to start with,but soon began to relax.我起初觉得紧张，但很快就开始放松了。2.they are often so thick that you cannot see the sun,and the wind is sometimes strong enough to move sand dunes.它们是如此的浓以至于你不能看见太阳，并且风有时很大，以至于能移动沙丘。【巧解句构】本句为并列句，由and连接。第一个分句是so.that. 短语构成的句子，that从句表结果。第二个分句中的enough to结构意思为“足以到的程度”。【要点剖析】so.that意思为“如此以至于”，与such.that是同义短语。so后接形容词或副词。such后接名词或代词。so在两种情况下会使用名词，一种是“so+adj.+a/an+可数名词单数”，另一种是“so+many/much/few/little+名词(many/few后接可数名词复数，much/little后跟不可数名词)”。短语so that引导结果状语从句，意思是“结果是”；还可引导目的状语，意思是“以便”，从句中常用can,may,could等情态动词。3.i thought i was going to disappear under the sand.我原以为我会在风沙下消失。【巧解句构】本句是宾语从句，从句i was going to disappear under the sand作宾语。【要点剖析】i thought表示过去的一种想法，意思为“我原以为”。后面的宾语从句一般用过去的某种时态。与它用法类似的词还有hope,suppose等。4.this is a process that happens when land becomes desert because of climate changes and because people cut down trees and dig up grass.因天气变化以及人们砍伐树木和挖掘绿草使这一进程是在土地沙漠化的情况下发生的。【巧解句构】本句是个复杂的复合句。主句为this is a process。从句that happens.为process的定语。when land becomes desert为时间状语从句。because of climate changes和because people cut down trees and dig up grass分别为原因状语和原因状语从句。时间状语从句，原因状语和原因状语从句都修饰定语从句中的happen,一个说明何时发生，另两个则表示为何发生。5.the storms sometimes continue all day and traffic moves very slowly because the thick dust makes it difficult to see.暴风有时持续一整天，车辆开得很慢，因为浓浓的尘埃降低了能见度。【巧解句构】本句是个并列句，由and连接。第二个分句中，because引导的从句为原因状语从句，说明traffic为何moves very slowly。【要点剖析】这里make后面跟复合宾语，其结构为：make it(形式宾语)+adj.(宾语补足语)+to do(真实宾语).。常用此句式的动词还有：find,believe和think等。此句式也可转化为find/think/believe+it(形式主语)+is+adj.(表语)+to do(真实主语)句式，make后面一般不接宾语从句。1）i think it(is) my duty to help him.2) i find it(is) quite necessary to make some changes.6.its difficult to breathe and the dust makes me ill.so if you want to go out,youd better wear a mask.沙尘使呼吸困难，让我感觉不舒服。因此你想出去的自豪感，你最好戴上面罩。【巧解句构】its difficult to breathe and the dust makes me ill.是个并列句，由连词and连接。前一个分句中，it为形式主语，真正的主语是不定式to breathe。【要点剖析】不定式作主语多用it作形式主语，不定式放在后面，构成句型it is/was+adj./n.+to do。it is wrong to eat monkeys,so i dont.我认为吃猴子是不对的，所以我不吃。it is dangerous for you to swim in the river.在这条河里游泳是危险的。【拓展延伸】此句型中若表语为no use/no good/useless时，要用动词的v.-ing形式：it is/was+no good/no use/useless+doing something，意思为“做某事没有用”。it is no use going there so early.这么早到那里没有用。the green movement1.the garbage is then taken away and，if possible，recycled.垃圾于是被扔掉，如果可能的话，被回收。【要点剖析】if possible如果可能的话。 id like to see you very much，would you come here right now，if possible? 我很想见你，可能的话，你能不能立刻赶到这儿？【拓展延伸】if引导省略的情况有下列几种：if any 如果有的话if necessary需要的话if so如果是这样的话if ever如果曾经有的话if not不这样的话if possible 如果可能的话2.there are laws that do not allow people to burn too much coal.法律禁止人们燃烧太多的煤。【要点剖析】allow vt.& vi.允许；考虑，顾及。常用的两种搭配allow(doing) sth.（允许做某事）和allow sb. to do sth.（允许某人做某事）。如：smoking is not allowed here.此处不准吸烟。too much意思是“太多”，后面多接名词，表数量。【拓展延伸】permit(允许),advise(建议),forbid(禁止)和allow用法一样。allow sb.sth.意思是“允许某人得到”。much too 意思是“太”，后跟形容词或副词，表示程度。3.the“green” movement tries to get governments to think seriously about the environment and how to look after it.绿色运动使政府认真地考虑环境以及如何保护环境的问题。【要点剖析】seriously adj.认真地；危险地；think seriously about认真地考虑；get sb. to do sth.“使某人做某事”。were trying to get them to understand that we are doing an important and necessary job.我们试图使他们明白