武汉大学硕士英语期末考试_英语汉译英56句.doc

Translation Exercises(50)v 增词法:补充汉语句子中省略的成分1) 虚心使人进步，骄傲使人落后。翻译：Modesty helps one to go forward, whereas conceit makes one lag behind.2) 我国社会主义工业化的建设及其成就，正在日益促进他们的这种积极性。翻译：Their enthusiasm is being constantly heightened by Chinas socialist industrialization and its achievement.3) 会谈中，双方集中讨论了保护知识产权方面的问题。翻译：During the talks, their discussion has been centered around the protection of intellectual property rights.4) 孩子们看电视过多会大大的损伤视力。翻译：Too much exposure to TV program will do great harm to the eyesight of children.5) 由于我们实行了改革开放政策，我国的综合国力有了明显的增强。翻译：Thanks to the introduction of our reform and opening policy, our comprehensive national strength has greatly improved.6) 作者在文章中，对人类疏忽自身环境作了批评。翻译：In his article the author is critical of mans negligence toward his environment.7) 学生们都应该德、智、体全面发展。翻译：All the students should develop morally, intellectually, physically.v 句子结构转换： 汉语复合句转换成英语简单句8) 这架波音747飞机起飞了，机上载有347名乘客。翻译：The Boeing 747 took off with 347 passengers on board.9) 因为他滥用职权，他严重损害了自己在下属面前的形象。翻译：Abuse of power seriously damaged his image among his subordinates.10) 即使是最好的厨师，有时又有做不好的菜。翻译：The best cook sometimes makes bad dishes.11) 江山易改，本性难移。翻译：You can never scare a dog away from a greasy hide.v 句子结构转换:汉语简单句转换成英语复合句12) 这家商店里的商品品种多、花色全、样式新。翻译：The commodities in this store are great in variety, new in style, and their design and color are rich.v 汉语意合句：小句组成，需弄清楚语义关系，按主次原则分别译成主从句，加上关联词13) 济南地段的黄河，夏天河面宽，水流急，泥沙沉淀淤积，河床逐年加高，水位高出地面十多米。翻译：The Yellow River at Jinan is wide and turbulent in summer. With years of precipitation and deposition of silt, its bed has become higher and higher so that its average water level is about 10 meters above the ground.14) 七股大水，从水库的桥孔跃出，仿佛七幅闪光黄锦，直扑下去，碰着嶙峋的乱石，激起一片雪白水珠，脱线一般，撒在洄漩的水面。翻译：Seven torrents were rushing through the archways of the bridge like seven glittering rolls of cloth of gold cascading(倾泻) on to the jagged rocks below and scattering snow-white bubbles like a string of broken beads on the swirling water.v 主题句： 主题语+评论语 英译时，评论语往往作为主句而前移15) 我们的三个孩子是在接受了8年到11年左右的华文教育后，才转入英文学校，对此我们感到非常的欣慰。翻译：We are gratified that our three children had between 8 and 11 years of Chinese schooling before switching over to English schools.16) 期望大学毕业生即使在竞争激烈的时代中也要活得正直，彬彬有礼，富有爱心是否要求过高了？翻译：Is it too much to expect that, even in this competitive age, a college graduate will live with integrity, civility, even compassion?17) 嘴甜心苦，两面三刀，上头笑着，脚底下使绊子，明是一盆火，暗是一把刀，她全占了。翻译：She will give you sweet talk when there is hatred in her heart, she is so double-faced and tricky. All the time she is smiling she tries to trip you up, making a show of great warmth while she stabs you in the back. Thats the way she is. v 从句结构相互转换18) 任何一个人，如果不努力学习新东西，都会被时代所淘汰。翻译：Any person who fails to master new things will be left behind the times.19) 他患了严重的急性肺炎之后，就奉命退伍了。翻译：He was invalided( 退役) out of the army because of a nasty attack of acute pneumonia.v 主动、被动 语态保留或转换20) 在任何情况下，中国决不首先使用核武器。翻译:Under no circumstances will China be the first to use nuclear weapons.21) 在有些欧洲国家里，人民享受最广泛的社会福利，如医疗保险等。翻译：In some European countries, the people are given the biggest social benefits such as medical insurance.22) 没有知识分子，我们的事情就不能做好，所以我们要好好团结、依靠他们、使他们富强起来。翻译：Without intellectuals, our work cannot be done well, and we should therefore do a good job of uniting with them, relying on them and making them rich.23)据谣言，那场火灾是由于玩忽职守造成的。翻译：It is rumored that the fire break-out was due to negligence.24)在我们这个时代， 任何人都想要在社会上起到所希望的作用，必须接受必要的教育。随着科学的进步，在中小学开设了越来越多的课程。与过去相比，现代教育更重视实用性。翻译：In our times, anyone who wants to play an important role in a society as he wishes must receive necessary education. With the development of science, more courses are offered in primary schools and middle schools. Compared with the education in the past, modern education places its stress on practicality.v 合句法：利用连词、分词介词、不定式、从句等把汉语短句连成长句25) 中国是个大国，百分之八十的人口从事农业，但耕地只占土地面积的十分之一，其余为山脉、森林、城镇和其他用地。翻译：China is a large country with four-fifths of the population engaged in agriculture, but only one tenth of the land is farmland, the rest being mountains, forests and places for urban and other uses.26) 英联邦各国尤其如此，他们认为英国加入欧共体，将能保证欧共体的政策照顾到它们的利益。翻译：This is particularly true of the countries of the commonwealth, who see Britains membership of the Community a guarantee that the policies of the community will take their interests into account.27) 我要感谢你们无与伦比的盛情款待。中国人民正是以这种热情好客而闻名世界。翻译：I wish to thank you for the incomparable hospitality for which the Chinese people are justly famous throughout the world.v 拆译法：按内容层次或从主语变换处，关联词处切断长句。28) 现在的中国教育与中国经济的巨大发展相比，还存在着差距。这些差距既向中国的高等教育提出了挑战，同时也为他带来了机遇。我们应该抓住机遇、迎接挑战，从人才培养模式、学科建设和科学研究等方面进行新的探索，努力创建面向21世纪的一流高校。翻译：There is a gap between contemporary Chinese education and the great developments of its economy. The disparity between them not only challenges Chinas higher education, but provides it with opportunities simultaneously. We should seize the opportunity and meet the challenge head-on. We should make new explorations in the aspects of the personnel-training pattern, curriculum（课程）set-up and scientific research, and we should establish first-class institutions of higher learning geared（调节以适合某种需要）to the 21st century.v 拆句法29) 少年是一去不复返的，等到精力衰退时，要做学问也来不及了。（按内容层次分）翻译：Youth will soon be gone never to return. And it will be too late for you to go into scholarship when in your declining years.30) 声速随温度的升降会有轻微的增减，但不受气压的影响。翻译：The speed of sound increases slightly with a rise in temperature and falls slightly with a decrease in temperature. It is not affected by the pressure of the air.31) 要充分重视自然科学理论研究，包括现代数学、高能物理、分子生物学等基础学科的理论研究，忽视这一点就不能掌握和运用世界上先进的科学技术成果，不能很好的解决我们在建设中遇到的重大问题。翻译：Full attention must be paid to theoretical research in the natural sciences, including such basic subjects as modern mathematics, high energy physics and molecular biology. Negligence in this respect will make it impossible for us to master and apply the results of advanced world science and technology and properly solve important problems well encounter in our construction.v 否定句：译成否定句时注意使用带有否定意义的词如few, little, far from, beyond31) 由于几乎没有业务能力强的人手，因此公司决定招收一些有能力的人。翻译：There are few professional hands, and the company decided to enroll competent individuals.32) 环境科学家们说，如果要使地球继续供养人类生存，保护野生动物是极为重要的。这些专家说，我们必须明白在我们这个环境供养系统中我们自己与野生动植物之间的重要联系。他们指出，没有人有把握知道这些动植物种的哪一种将来可能对我们有用。翻译：Environmentalists say that the protection of wild animals is of vital importance if the earth is to supply the human beings. These experts say that we must understand the fundamental relation between ourselves and wild animals and plants in our environmental supplying system. They point out that no one is sure to know which kind of animals and plants is likely to be useful to us in the future.v 动宾结构：用名词，动名词或不定式翻译33) 制止超级大国发动新的世界大战是世界人民的共同愿望。翻译：It is the common wish of the worlds people to prevent the superpowers from launching a new world war.34) 推进素质教育关键在教师。因此，明确自己肩负的使命，学习素质教育理论，研究素质教育特点，使自己的教育思想和方法尽快由“应试”教育转到素质教育上来，以促进素质教育深入发展，就成为广大中小学教师亟待解决的一个重要课题。翻译：Promoting quality education relies on teachers. Therefore, the great number of middle school and primary school teachers are offered a series of urgent tasks: to understand their mission, to learn educational theories, to study the characteristics of quality education, and to adjust their educational thoughts and methods from “test-oriented” education to quality education, so as to stimulate the development of quality education.35) 技术嫁接给该企业注入了新的活力。翻译：Technical transformation instilled new vitality into the enterprise.36) 党中央动员组织各方面的力量进行经济建设赢得了全国人民的高度赞扬。翻译：The Party Central Committees mobilization and organization of all kinds of capacities to carry out economic construction won high praise from all the people throughout the country.37) 禁止用迷信和暴力手段残害妇女。翻译：Injuring or even killing women by superstition or violence is prohibited.38) 另一方面，必须用上述材料进行广泛的宣传，使人们认识到，自然保护区是保护自然及文化遗产的基本单位，他们是在人类进步历程中长期斗争中形成的，对经济建设有着重要的作用。翻译：On the other hand, it is necessary to carry on the extensive publicity, enabling the public to know that the protected areas are the basic unit of the natural and cultural heritage which are formed in the struggle process against nature and will play an important role in the economic construction.39) 饭菜虽然简单，但别有一番风味，屋外一团漆黑，穿过松林的风发出如火车的轰鸣声，我们在摇曳不定的煤油灯下豪情与老人干杯。翻译：When we enjoyed the simple but tasty food and drank cheerful toasts with the old man under the flickering oil-lamp, darkness reigned the outside world where the wind was thundering through the pinewood like a train.40) 我们需要建立一个门类齐全、结构合理、能够满足社会消费和整个国民经济发展的先进工业体系。翻译：We must build an advanced industrial system which is complete in range, rational in structure, and which meets the social consumption and the expansion of the whole national economy.41) 希望学生在文史哲学等人文课中学到的知识在将来的为人处事方面发挥作用，这么想不过分吧？翻译：Is it too much to hope that the lessons learnt in the liberal arts like literature, history and philosophy will be useful for the students in the future to help them get along with people.42) 当前最重要的任务是发展国民经济、提高国民生活水平。为了实现这个目标，我们必须改革旧的经济体制，以便进一步解放生产力。我们应向世界敞开大门，以便学习其他国家先进的科学和技术。只要我们坚持改革开放的政策，就一定能把我国建成强大的社会主义国家。翻译：Presently the most important task is to develop our national economy and improve the peoples living standard. In order to achieve this goal, we must reform the old economic system so as to liberate the productive force. We should open our doors to the world so as to learn the advanced science and technology from other countries. Well certainly be able to build our country into a powerful socialist country as long as we carry out the policy of reform and opening up.43) 现在失业下岗人数有增无减，这使得我们意识到掌握一些实用技术是十分重要，也是十分必要的。翻译：There has been an increasing number of unemployed people recently, which makes us realize that it is very important and necessary to master some practical skills.44) 根据全国人民代表大会的有关信息，贪污腐败已经在全国人大的监督下有所收敛，比如，海南高级人民法院的一名法官在被发现滥用职权后就被省人大罢免了职务。翻译：According to the NPC (National Peoples Congress), corruption and degeneration has been curbed under NPC supervision. For example, a judge of the Hainan Higher Peoples Court was dismissed by the Provincial Peoples Congress after he was found to have abused his authority.45) 有一项调查发现，不吸烟的妇女，如果在吸烟的家庭环境中生活40年或更长的时间，那么就有加倍患肺癌的危险。翻译：An investigation indicates that non-smoking women living in a smoking family environment for 40 years or still longer will have double risk of developing lung cancer.46) 在1996年，要为“新经济”做一个定义，那就是新经济是以科技为动力的经济。五年以后，新现象产生，新经济的定义，也要改了。它还是以技术为动力，但要加上一句，创新与进取精神使得它蓬勃发展。翻译：In 1996, one would probably define “new economy” as an economy powered by technology. Now, five years later, various new advancements are calling for a modified view. It is true that new economy is driven by technology, but that is not all. A spirit of innovation and initiative is also fueling its progress.47) 中国与东盟各国或山水相连，或隔海相望，人民之间形成了深厚是传统友谊。翻译：Joined together by mountains and rivers or facing each other across the sea, China and ASEAN countries have developed a profound traditional friendship among the people in the course of their age old contacts and exchanges.48) 我们正处在世纪之交的重要历史时刻，应该以长远的眼光审视和处理双方关系，建立中国与东盟面向21世纪的睦邻互信伙伴关系。翻译：At this important historical juncture on the eve of the new century, we should approach and handle our bilateral relations from a long-range strategic perspective and forge a Chinese-ASEAN good neighborly partnership of mutual trust oriented to the 21 century. 49) 同时，我们的对外开放采取了多种方式，包括搞经济特区，开放十四个沿海城市。翻译：In the meantime, we have implemented the policy of opening China to the outside world in many ways, including setting up special economic zones and opening 14 coastal cities.50) 改革开放迈不开步子，不敢闯，说来说去就是怕资本主义的东西多了，走了资本主义道路。要害是姓“资”还是姓“社”的问题。翻译：The reason some people hesitate to carry out the reform and the open policy and dare not break new ground is, in essence（本质上）, that they are afraid it would mean introducing too many elements of capitalism and, indeed, taking the capitalist road. The crux（关键） of the matter is whether the road is capitalist or socialist.51) 过去我们搬用别国的模式，结果阻碍了生产力的发展，在思想上导致僵化，妨碍人民和基层积极性的发挥。翻译：We used to copy foreign models mechanically, which only hampered the development of our productive forces, induced ideological rigidity and kept the people and grassroots units from