管理英语复习范围.doc

专业英语题型分值：1、20个40分，2、10分，3、10个40分，4、10分一、专业术语：（词汇翻译）长的写中文，短的写英文Unit1：Organizational objectives 组织目标Chief executive officer(CEO) 首席执行官Board of directors 董事会Market share 市场份额Quality control inspector 质量控制检查员Employee 雇员Unit2：计划planning指导directing控制controllingQuality 质量Cost 成本Organizing 组织Managerial hierarchy 管理层次Personnel/human resource department 人事/人力资源部Autocratic leadership 独裁式领导Democratic leadership 民主式领导Unit3：归口单位First-line manager 初级经理Middle-level manager 中级经理Executive-level manager 执行经理（最高级经理）Mission 任务Strategy 策略Bonus 奖金Regional sales coordinator 地区销售协调官Departmental chairperson 部门主任Community action group 社区活动团体Unit4：仲裁人动机Technical skills 技术技能Human relations skills 人事技能Conceptual skills 概念技能Interpersonal skills 人际关系技能Reward system 奖金制度Unit6：利弊权衡Goal 目标Entrepreneur企业家Situational analysis 场景分析Alternative goals 备选目标Plan evaluation 计划评价Implementation 履行Budget and reward system 预算回报系统Quality control system 质量控制系统Unit7：下行分析法 top-down approach监管机构regulatory agency行业协会trade associationStrategy issue 战略问题Strategy management 战略管理Inventory 库存：详细目录；存货清单Stakeholders 利益相关者Organizations mission 组织任务Reward system 薪酬体系Participative strategic management 参与型战略管理Performance indicator 绩效指标Strategic budget 战略预算Unit8：风险投资 venture capital前沿管理 cutting-edge managementCost effectiveness 成本有效性Competitive advantage 竞争优势Venture capital 风险资本Investment funds 投资基金Short-term profit 短期利润Unit9：个体创业 independent entrepreneurship自我实现self-actualizationStock market 股票市场Double-edged sword 双刃剑Business incubator 企业孵化器Go public 公开上市Stockholders 股东Equity capital 权益资本Estate tax 不动产税Cash flow 现金流Unit11：分权decentralization熟练技工 operative-level workersCost-effective 划算的；节省成本的Flat organization 扁平型组织Responsibility 职责Production 生产Research and development 研发R&HAccounting 会计；财会Matrix organization 矩阵式组织Unit13：社会保险social security口头审查unstructured interview绩效考核performance appraisal 技工训练vestibule training Human resources management 人力资源管理Turnover 营业额Job analysis 职务分析；工作分析Job description 职务描述；工作描述Job specification 职务规范；工作要求Performance appraisal（PA）成绩评价（绩效评估）Unemployment insurance 失业保险Pension plans （养老金）年金计划Unit16：愿景vision权威legitimate power同级者Competitive advantage 竞争优势Short-term profits 短期利润Stock prices 股票价格Unit21：直接劳动direct labor 盈利能力profitabilityForeign exchange 外汇投机Earnings per share 每股收益Net income 净收益Return on investment 投资回报Asset 财产；投资Raw materials 原材料二、词语匹配：（英对英）Unit1：Focus on =concentrate（ones attention，etc）on 聚焦在.上Be divided into=be broken into parts ，be separated 被细分为Put off=postpone，delay 推迟Enroll in=become or make sb a member 登记；报名参加Unit2：Accused of=to charge with a shortcoming or error 控告（谴责）Count on=rely on sth/sb with confidence 信赖；指望Give up=abandon an attempt 放弃Unit3：Engaged in=be occupied in参加某事Deal with=have business or social relation with sb/sth 和某人打交道Responsible for=legally or morally obliged to take care of sb/sth 对负有责任Play the role of=take on the function/responsibility of 起到.作用Unit4：Cope with=manage successfully 对付；处理Lead to=induce 导致Unit6：Rely on=count or depend on 指望或依赖（某人）Participate in=take part in 参加Be committed to =be devoted to 对.尽忠的；坚定的Unit7：Range from to=to vary or extend between specified limits 在.之间变动Derive from=obtain sth from sth 从.中得到；获得Unit8：Abound in=be rich in 含量丰富；富有.Come up with=find or produce，thing of 找到；想出（答案，方法）Unit9：Contribute to=help to cause sth 促成某事物（出现；产生）Play a key role=function in an important form 起到关键作用Unit11：Be accountable to=responsible 对某人（某事）负责In charge=in a position of leadership or supervision 主管；领导；负责Draw upon=make use of 利用Unit21：In line with=in accordance with 跟.一致；符合三、翻译：（中译英、英译中）Unit1：1、换句话说，经理通过协调其他人的工作来完成对于个人来说可能是无法完成的目标。In other words，the manager coordinates the work of the others to accomplish goals that might not be achievable by an individual.2、组织目标代表了管理层中执行人员的想法。Organizational objectives represent the thinking of the executive level of management.3、Thus management will be defined as the application of planning，organizing，staffing，directing，and controlling function in the most efficient manner possible to accomplish meaningful organization objective.因此管理将被定义为应用、计划、组织、人员配备、领导和控制，以最高校的方式来实现组织目标。4、The successful management team develops clear objectives and enthusiastically undertakes programs and projects to accomplish them.成功的管理团队制定清晰的目标并热情地承担项目和目标且完成它。5、Objectives are desired results or targets to be reached by a certain time.目标是一定时期内将要达到的结果。6、The overall objectives of a firm are the responsibility of the top management group-typically the chief executive officer and staff，with the assistance and concurrence of the board of directors.公司的整体目标是高层管理团队的责任，一般而言有着首席执行官以及协助他们的团队人员以及董事会并且观点一致。7、Objectives serve as targets for both managers at the top of an organization and those who work with operating employees.目标不仅作为高层经理的组织也对那些基层操作员工产生影响。 Unit2：1、管理的组织功能包括将人聚集起来和分配任务。The organizing function of management consists of grouping people and assigning activities.2、一些经理将招收员工的事情（staffing activities）看做是人力资源部门的事情。Some managers see staffing activities as the sole responsibility of the human resource department.3、指导意味着建立一个由被激励的下属们组成的有效的团队。Directing also means building an effective group of subordinates who are motivated to perform4、These functions（planning，organizing，staffing，directing，and controlling），first formally discussed over 80 years ago，still characterize the activities of most managers.这些职能（计划，组织，人员配备，领导和控制），80多年前首次被正式讨论，一直描述大多数管理者的活动。5、Thus planning essentially means deciding in advance what is to be done.因此，计划本质上意味着提前决定要做的事。6、Experts analyzing the decline in the quality and competence of the work of NASA point to excessive guessing and poor planning.专家分析了质量的下降和美国航空局能力下降指出了过度的猜测和缺乏计划。7、The core idea of control is to modify behavior and competence when deviations form plans are discovered.控制的核心思想是当发现与计划相比存在偏差时，你需要修改行为。8、An important part of a managers job is to monitor performance so that problems can be pinpoirted.经理的一个重要任务是观察表现的连续性以便问题能被准确的解释。Unit3：1、将三个层次的经理与其余非经理人员相区分的最基础的因素是做决定。2、经理是一个组织中的神经中枢（nerve center）。他/她应该有大局观（total picture），知道组织的优点和缺点以及它的需要。3、经理必须与其他人接触，以便来完成组织的目标。4、Three distinct levels of managementexecutive，middle，and first-lineare usually portrayed as managerial hierarchy.管理的三个清晰的层次是高级，中级和初级经常用语言描述为管理层次。5、Executive-level managers often are asked to represent the organization in community activities，dealings with the government，and seminars.高级经理经常被要求代表组织，参加社区活动和政府以及研讨会打交道。6、Basically the middle manager is a conduit between the top policy makers （executive management）and the supervisory personnel.7、Time management is important to manager not only because they have so much to do but also because wasting time can be very costly.8、This information may be considered premature or inaccurate by the organizations executives，who may ask managers to discuss this with their subordinates.Unit4：1、在一个成功的组织里面，工作环境中的人际关联系是最关系因素。Interpersonal relations in the work environment are the primary glue in a successful organization.2、Management skill is the ability to use knowledge，behaviors，and aptitudes to perform a task.管理技能就是运用知识，表现和天赋来实行任务的能力。3、Human relations skills involve relating and interacting with subordinates，peers，superiors，and customers or clients.人事技能包括联系并和下属，同级，上司还有顾客或委托，相互联系。4、New employees tend to overestimate their skills abilities，and knowledge；they also assume they will be given challenging job tasks.新职员常常会高估他们的技术，能力和知识，他们也会假设他们被分派挑战性的工作任务。5、Managers in the 1990s are expected to give speeches，make inspirational talks to employees，and write clear memos，letters，and reports.在90年代，经理被期待做演讲，和员工进行鼓舞性的对话，写清晰地备忘录，信件还有报告。6、These skills are used to perform the planning，organizing，staffing，directing，and controlling functions of management. 这些技能被用于管理中的计划，组织，人员配备，领导和控制职能。Unit6：1、一个透彻的场景分析包括要就过去的事情，核查当今的条件并且试图预知未来的趋势。2、Planning provides individuals and work units with a map to follow in their future activities.计划提供给个人和工作单元以未来活动所遵循的蓝图。3、The importance and frequency of formal planning within organizations have grown dramatically.前期计划的重要性和出现频次在组织中变得引人注目。4、As the contingency approach advocate，planning begins with a situational analysis.正如权变方法主张的，计划开始于场景分析。5、Evaluation of the merits of these alternative goals and plans should be delayed until a range of alternatives has been developed.对这些备选目标的价值评价和计划应被延期直到可供选择的目标制定。6、The evaluation process should identify the priorities and trade-offs among goals and plans and leave the final choice to the decision maker. 方法评估应在所有目标和计划中确定备选目标和利弊平衡，并让决策者作出最终的选择。Unit7：1、在战略层次的经理和战术层次的经理之间会有大的分歧。2、内部评估的第一步就是检查组织目前战略的基本要素。3、Strategic planning involves making decisions about the organizations long-term goal and strategies.4、Strategic management involves managers form all parts of the organization in the formulation and implementation of strategic goals and strategies.5、Strategy matches the organizations resources and activities with the external environments real or potential demands.6、Successful strategic management depends on a accurate and thorough evaluation of the environment.7、The system must encourage efficient operations that are consistent with the plan while allowing the flexibility to adapt to changing conditions. Unit8：1、他们需要在公众的关注和替换产品及生产过程的环保性能之间作出权衡。2、Government regulations and liability for damages provide strong economic incentives to comply with environmental guidelines.3、Environmentally conscious strategies can not only be cost effective in the short run，but also offer long-run cost advantages.4、The majority of the U.S. population believes busin