人教版必修三Unit 2 Healthy eating using language课时作业3.docx

unit 2 healthy eating using language课时作业 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项。on one of her trips to new york several years ago，eudora welty decided to take a couple of new york friends out to dinner.they settled in at a comfortable east side cafe and within minutes， another customer was approaching their table.“hey， arent you from mississippi?” the elegant， white-haired writer remembered being asked by the stranger.“im from mississippi too.”without a second thought， the woman joined the welty party.when her dinner partner showed up， she also pulled up a chair.“they began telling me all the news of mississippi,” welty said.“i didnt know what my new york friends were thinking.”taxis on a rainy new york night are rarer than sunshine.by the time the group got up to leave， it was pouring outside.weltys new friends immediately sent a waiter to find a cab.heading back downtown toward her hotel， her big-city friends were amazed at the turn of events that had changed their big apple dinner into a mississippi state reunion(团聚).“my friends said now we believe your stories,” welty added.“and i said: now you know.these are the people that make me write them.”sitting on a sofa in her room， welty， a slim figure in a simple gray dress， looked pleased with this explanation.“i dont make them up,” she said of the characters in her fiction these last 50 or so years.“i dont have to.”beauticians，bartenders，piano players and people with purple hats，weltys people come from afternoons spent visiting with old friends，from walks through the streets of her native jackson，miss.， from conversations overheard on a bus.it annoys welty that， at 78， her left ear has now given out.sometimes， sitting on a bus or a train， she hears only a fragment(片段) of a particularly interesting story.语篇导读本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了美国著名女作家eudora welty在纽约的一次经历，并以此作为背景说明她的创作源于生活。21.what happened when welty was with her friends at the cafe?a.two strangers joined her.b.her childhood friends came in.c.a heavy rain ruined the dinner.d.some people held a party there.解析：a 细节理解题。第三段中的“the woman”指的是第二段中的那个陌生人，根据第三段中的“when her dinner partner showed up,she also pulled up a chair”可知，陌生女子的晚餐伙伴也加入了她们的行列中，故有两个陌生人加入到了welty和朋友的晚餐中。22.the underlined word “them” in paragraph 6 refers to weltys _.a.readersb.partiesc.friendsd.stories解析：d 代词指代题。画线词所在句“these are the people that make me write them”的主语these指的就是像那两位陌生人那样的人，换言之，这些新朋友就成了welty笔下的写作素材，这些人就是让她写小说的人，故them指的是“小说”。23.what can we learn about the characters in weltys fiction?a.they live in big cities.b.they are mostly women.c.they come from real life.d.they are pleasure seekers.解析：c 推理判断题。根据最后两段的内容可知，welty小说中的人物源于真实生活。a california man who was feeling sick almost died recently from a shocking cause.26-year-old luis ortiz went to a hospital because of a headache and nausea(恶心).when doctors examined him， they were shocked to find a tapeworm larva(绦虫幼虫) in his brain.the story gets stranger.the larva was still alive.the creature had caused a cyst(囊肿) inside his head.the cyst was restricting the flow of liquids to different areas of his brain.the situation was so serious that doctors said they had to perform an emergency operation to remove the larva.a doctor who operated on ortiz told him he had only 30 minutes to live.when the doctor pulled the worm out of his head， it was still moving.luis ortiz was a student at california state university in sacramento.he began experiencing headaches in late august.but ortiz said he did not think the headaches were serious.in september， he visited a friend and his parents in another city.that is when the pain got worse.his mother saw ortiz throwing up and took him to a hospital emergency room.the doctors saved ortizs life.however，the surgery also affected him.ortiz had to drop out of school and move back home.for now， he is not permitted to work or drive a vehicle.the u.s.centers for disease control and prevention says the u.s.has about 1,000 reported cases of tapeworms each year.the cdc adds that tapeworms are more common in developing countries with poor public health systems.the best way to avoid a tapeworm infection (感染)is to wash fruits and vegetables.also， make sure meat is cooked thoroughly.the cdc suggests cooking all meat to an internal temperature of at least 63 degrees celsius.语篇导读本文介绍了一位叫luis ortiz的美国青年，因为头痛难忍和呕吐而去医院就诊，医生惊奇地发现他的脑子里有一条绦虫。后来，医生的及时救治才挽救了他的性命。24.what caused luis ortiz to feel sick and headaches?a.dirty food eaten in august.b.travelling for a long way.c.a living creature in his brain.d.uncooked meat eaten by him.解析：c 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，有一条活的绦虫幼虫在luis qrtiz脑袋里，使人恶心头痛。故选c。25.if the doctors didnt have an emergency operation on him，luis ortiz was likely to_.a.die of cancerb.live for only half an hourc.finish studying in school d.pass the driving tests解析：b 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句可知，选b。26.how should people avoid infecting tapeworms？a.by washing fruits and vegetables.b.by boiling plates and bowls before meals.c.by cooking meat to at least 63 outside.d.by improving the development of economy.解析：a 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的第一句可知，选a。27.what did the writer think of the cause of luis ortizs disease?a.quite frightening.b.very dangerous.c.rather puzzling.d.extremely surprising.解析：d 推理判断题。根据文章的第一段“a california man who was feeling sick almost died recently from a shocking cause”可推知，作者对luis qrtiz的病因感到极其震惊。故选d。reuel tolkien(18921973)， the british linguist， writer.he created a fantasy novel “the lord of the rings”, the well-known trilogy（三部曲）.tolkien was born in bloemfontein， south africa.when he was 4 years old， his father died and his family moved back to england.tolkien graduated from oxford university when he was 23 years old，and participated in the first world war.during the war，tolkien suffered from “trench fever” and stayed in the hospital until the end of world war i.it was the days in the hospital that he began his writing career first.after the war， tolkien became a linguist.he was an editor of the “new english dictionary” of 19181920.however， he was more researching to anglo-saxon language which makes his extensive contacts in britain and the nordic spread all over the folklore and mythology.in 1937，tolkien completed his first work “the hobbit.” although this was a fairy tale，it was also suitable for adults to read.because of good sales，publishers (allen & unwin) convinced tolkien to write its sequel.this encouraged tolkien to complete his most famous works the epic(史诗) trilogy “the lord of the rings.” the works of writing went on for almost a year with the support from his good friend lewis.at the beginning, “the lord of the rings” was similar works for children， but after that writing style quickly became serious and dark.“the lord of the rings” was one of the most popular literary works in the 20th century，in terms of sales and readers evaluation.tolkiens influence is important，for the success of “lord of the rings” makes the fantasy novels of this literature genre(体裁)develop rapidly.语篇导读本文是一篇人物传记，介绍了指环王的作者reuel tolkien的生平。他早年丧父，后来参加了第一次世界大战。战时患上“战壕热”，在医院期间他开始了他的写作生涯。28.when did tolkien take part in the world war i?a.1896. b.1915.c.1916. d.1937.解析：b 推理判断题。根据第一段第一句中的“reuel tolkien （18921973）”以及第二段的第三句可知，reuel tolkien生于1892年，他23岁时参加了第一次世界大战；据此可以判断，他是在1915年参加了第一次世界大战的，故b项正确。29.which of the following statements is true?a.tolkiens father died of “trench fever”.b.tolkien wrote the “new english dictionary” himself.c.“the lord of the rings” was finished about half a year.d.tolkien began his writing career in the hospital.解析：d 细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句可知，tolkien是在医院开始他的写作生涯的，故d项正确；根据第二段倒数第二句中的“during the war,tolkien suffered fromtrench fever”可知，tolkien在战时患上了“战壕热”，而不是他的父亲，故a项错误；根据第三段的第二句可知，他是新英语词典的编辑，并没有说是他一人完成了该词典的编篆，故b项错误；根据第四段的最后一句可知，“the lord of the rings”的成稿历时大约一年，故c项错误。30.what is tolkiens “the lord of the rings” considered to be?a.the first works of tolkien.b.always serious and dark.c.beneficial to the development of the fantasy novels.d.the most popular literary works in the 20th century.解析：c 细节理解题。根据文章的最后一句可知，“the lord of the rings”促进了魔幻小说的快速发展，故c项正确。31.the word “evaluation” in the last paragraph is closest to the meaning of_.a.opinion b.valuec.interest d.hobby解析：a 词义猜测题。根据本文倒数第二句可知，“the lord of the rings”是二十世纪最受欢迎的文章。we do not usually think about how our language works.talking is such a natural， everyday activity that we do not often stop to consider how it actually works.when we do study our language，though， we are often surprised that we are able to understand our conversations.words can mean so many different things.however，it turns out that the speaking situation helps a lot in making language work.first，the speaking situation helps make words more particular.for example， the word “dog” can describe a dog that a speaker saw in a dream.it can also be used to discuss a neighbors dog.no language has a separate word for the idea “dog that i saw yesterday” and another word for the idea “dog that i saw in a dream”. this is because the speaking situation makes it clear what speakers mean when they use words.so，when you have a conversation with your neighbor， the knowledge that you have a dog tells your neighbor what the word “dog” probably means in that situation.the speaking situation also helps make language clearer.for example，the word “bank” has two possible meanings.it can mean “a place where people keep money”， but it can also mean “the side of a river”. so the sentence “i went to the bank” is not clear.it could mean i went to the side of the river or it could mean i went to the place where my money is kept.however， if the speaker is talking about fishing or going to the mountains，others probably know that “bank” means “the side of a river”.the things that speakers say may not always be clear.sometimes the words are not very particular，but the speaking situation can provide the meaning.other times words may have many meanings.then the speaking situation limits the right meaning.this extra knowledge from the situation is very important to understand language.语篇导读本文讲述了语境对语言的理解起着很大作用。32.the passage is mainly about_.a.the best time and place to talk to others b.how the speaking situation helps language work c.what to say in difficult situationsd.how our language works解析：b 主旨大意