人教版必修三Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars grammar课时作业 (6).docxVIP

unit 4 astronomy- the science of the stars课时作业grammar第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的a、b、c和d四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。(2018甘肃重点中学协作体高三上学期第一次联考)from an early age，parker always said that he would be an astronaut when he grew up.but no matter how much he studied and took tests，he was never _1_ to fly in space._2_ ，he grew over the maximum age for taking the selection tests.in other words，he would never be able to fulfill his _3_.thinking about all the time and _4_ parker had put into trying to be an astronaut，people felt _5_ for him.despite what he was told about having to_6_ his ambition，parker continued training and studying，_7_ he was going to have the tests the next month.he_8_ as he got older，and when he was a very old man he heard that they were doing some very important _9_ experiments.for those experiments they needed a very_10_ astronaut.parker，who walked with a _11_ ，was the only old man in the whole world who was_12_ to fly in a rocket.therefore，parker found himself flying in_13_ ，all with the help of science.it was clear that the _14_ gained during those missions helped to cure one of the worst sicknesses for old people，and parker was_15_ as a hero.photos of the astronaut with a walking stick and no teeth _16_ all over the world，and became a _17_ of how you can never train or learn too much.it showed that _18_ effort always brings _19_ even though it may not be in the form we had first _20_.1a.noticed bselectedcinvited dpermitted2a.secretly bsuddenlycluckily dfinally3a.dream btaskcneed dbelief4a.reputation bpowerceffort dpractice5a.happy bsorrycnervous dcalm6a.ignore bforgetcdevelop dabandon7a.so that bnow thatcas if deven though8a.carried on btook oncturned off dgot off9a.electrical bphysicalcmedical dpolitical10a.sick bexperiencedcactive dold11a.map bstickcguide dcandle12a.planned btrainedcforced dallowed13a.silence bdangercaction dspace14a.knowledge bexperiencecmoney dopportunity15a.replaced beducatedcpraised daffected16a.moved bflewcspread dtook17a.symbol bmarkccase ddoubt18a.desperate bpersistentccautious dapparent19a.award bprizecresult dreward20a.expected bguessedcsuggested dproved【解题导语】parker从小立志做一名宇航员，却一直未实现自己的梦想。但他从未放弃希望，一如既往地进行飞行训练。终于在年老时实现了自己的愿望。1b根据下文中的“he grew over the maximum age for taking the selection tests”可知，此处指他从来没有被选(selected)去太空飞行。2d最后，parker已经超过了选拔考试的最大年龄。finally“最终，终于”。3a文章开头谈及parker的梦想，因为他已经超过了选拔考试的最大年龄，所以他永远也无法实现他的梦想(dream)。4c根据第一段中的“but no matter how much he studied and took tests”可知，parker付出了很多时间和努力(effort)。人们一想到parker为成为宇航员所付出的时间和努力就为他感到遗憾(sorry)。5b参见上题解析。6d尽管有人告诉parker，他不得不放弃(abandon)他的目标，但他还是继续训练和学习，好像(as if)下个月他要参加测试似的。7c参见上题解析。8aparker继续(学习和训练)。carry on“继续做，坚持干”，符合语境。9c根据下文中的“during those missions helped to cure one of the worst sicknesses for old people”可知，parker得知他们在太空做医学实验。medical“医疗的”，符合语境。electrical“用电的”；physical“物理学的”；political“政治的”。10d根据语境可知，他们需要一位年纪大的(old)宇航员。11b根据下文中的“photos of the astronaut with a walking stick”可知，当时parker走路需要拐杖。a walking stick“拐杖”。12b根据上文内容可知，parker参加训练就是为了能够在太空飞行。故b项符合语境。13d根据语境可知，此处指parker参加实验后，发现自己在太空(space)飞行。14a在那些任务中所获得的知识(knowledge)有助于治愈老人们最严重的疾病之一。15cparker被人们称赞(praised)为一位英雄。replace“代替”；educate“教育”；affect“影响”。16c这位拄着拐杖且没有牙齿的宇航员的照片在全世界传播(spread)开来。17aparker的照片成了一种象征(symbol)你再怎么多得去学习和训练都不为过。18b这表明坚持不懈的(persistent)努力总会带来回报(reward)。desperate“绝望的”；cautious“小心的”，apparent“显而易见的”。19d参见上题解析。20a坚持不懈的努力总会带来回报，尽管它不是我们最初所期待(expected)的那种形式。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2018济宁市高考模拟考试)the firstever direct chinatobritain freight train(货运列车)arrived in london last week.it was the _1_ (late)evidence of chinas efforts to redevelop the “silk road” trade routes that once stretched from asia to europe._2_ (travel)from china through kazakhstan，russia，belarus，poland，germany，belgium and france for 18 days，the train finally arrived in london.inside the 68 containers _3_ (be)household goods，clothing，cloth，bags and suitcases.“this is _4_ (two)as quick as sea and its much，much cleaner and cheaper than air freight，”said philippa edmunds，_5_ works at the british campaign for better transport.but the train itself may be more important than the goods _6_ was carrying.observers say the trip had a political message that china is developing new trade routes and new markets.china needs to find more places_7_ (sell)the goods it makes.that is the_8_ (believe)of jie yu from the london school of economics.“the domestic market in china now seems not to be very promising，so the chinese are _9_ (desperate)looking for the new markets.and obviously that freight train serves _10_ very good vehicle for the chinese manufacturers and may help restore the business confidence inside china.”【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了史上第一辆中国直达英国的货运列车顺利到达伦敦，并介绍了运送货物的种类、途经的地方和此线开通的经济和政治意义。1latest考查形容词。根据语境和空格前的the可知，此处指它是中国重振丝绸之路所付出的巨大努力的最新例证。latest意为“最新的”，符合语境。2having traveled考查非谓语动词。此处指在列车从中国出发穿过这些国家后，历经18天最终到达伦敦。根据语境可知，travel与其逻辑主语“the train”之间存在主谓关系，且travel指谓语动误aririve动作发生早，(先于谓语动作发生)，应用现在分词的完成式having traveled。注意首字母大写。3were考查主谓一致。句意为：68个集装箱里装的都是日常用品、衣物、布料、包和行李箱。此处为方位副词引导的全部倒装句，谓语动词的数应和“household goods, clothing, cloth, bags and suitcases”保持一致。故填were。4twice考查序数词。根据语境可知，此处指货运列车的速度是海运的两倍。此处用“倍数asadj.as”结构表示倍数。故填twice。5who考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是philippa edmunds，指人，在从句中作主语。故填who。6it考查代词。句意为：但是这辆货运车本身(的意义)比它运送的货物更重要。此处应用it指代“the train”。故填it。7to sell考查非谓语动词。句意为：中国需要找到更多的地方来销售生产出的产品。此处应用动词不定式表示目的。故填to sell。8belief考查词性转换。根据语境可知，此处指jie yu的观点。根据定冠词“the”可知，此处应用believe的名词形式belief，意为“观点，信仰”。故填belief。9desperately考查词性转换。此处应用副词修饰动词短语“looking for”。故填desperately。10as考查固定搭配。根据语境可知，此处指很明显那辆货运列车充当了一个很好的交通工具的角色。serve as是固定搭配，意为“担任，充当”，符合语境。故答案为as。长难句分析：it was the latest evidence of chinas efforts to redevelop the“silk road” trade routes that once stretched from asia to europe.(第一段第二句)分析：本句是一个复合句。it指上文中的the firstever direct chinatobritain freight train；that once stretched from asia to europe 是定语从句，修饰先行词the “silk road” trade routes。译文：这是中国重建那条曾经联通欧亚的“丝绸之路”贸易路线所付出的努力的最新证据。第三节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。(2018青岛市高三统一质量检测)dear jenny，i am really sorry to hear that you feel bad after enter the high school.there is nothing that you can do to change this situation.first，try to invite some of your classmate to take part some activities together after school.this will help you understand each other better.then，help others when they are in the trouble，but ask them to help you when you have difficulty.as far as i am concerned，life in senior high school was stressful.but i am determining to overcome all the difficulties and learn all subjects good.i hope you will get used with the life in the new school earlier!yours，li hua【答案】dear jenny，i am really sorry to hear that you feel bad after the high school.there is that you can do to change this situation.first，try to invite some of your to take part some activities together after school.this will help you understand each other better.then，help others when they are in trouble， ask them to help you when you have difficulty.as far as i am concerned，life in senior high school stressful.but i am to overcome all the difficulties and learn all subjects .i hope you will get used the life in the new school earlier!yours，li hua第一处：考查动名词的用法。此处after为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词，因此动词enter改为动名词entering。第二处：考查不定代词。根据下文作者提出的两条建议可知，此处表示“你可以采取措施来改变这种状况”，nothing不符合语境。故改为something。第三处：考查名词复数。classmate是可数名词，由“some”可知，此处不止一个同学，所以改为复数 classmates。第四处：考查动词短语。动词短语take part in意为“参加”，后接名词词组some activities，表示“参加一些活动”。故加in。第五处：考查固定搭配。固定介词短语in trouble意为“处于困境中”，中间不用定冠词。故去掉the。第六处：考查并列连词。“当别人处于困境时帮助他们”和“当你有困难时请他们帮助你”之间没有转折的语气，是顺承关系。故用and连接。第七处：考查动词的时态。“高中生活是有压力的”描述的是客观事实，用一般现在时。故将was改为is。第八处：考查固定短语。固定短语be determined to do sth.意为“下决心做某事”。故改为determined。第九处：考查副词的用法。good是形容词，此处应用副词修饰动词learn。故将good改为well。第十处：考查固定