人教版必修三unit 5 Canada the true north using language课时作业.docx

using language课时作业i. 阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的a、b、c和d四个选项中，选出最佳选项。passage 1体裁话题词数难度建议时间夹叙夹议文意大利的移民及现状3256分钟(2017浙江)florence, italysvetlana cojochru feels hurt. the moldovan has lived here seven years as a caregiver to italian kids and elderly, but in order to stay shes had to prove her language skills by taking a test which requires her to write a postcard to an imaginary friend and answer a fictional job ad.italy is the latest western european country trying to control a growing immigrant(移民) population by demanding language skills in exchange for work permits, or in some cases, citizenship.some immigrant advocates worry that as hard financial times make it more difficult for natives to keep jobs, such measures will become more a vehicle for intolerance than integration(融合). others say its only natural that newcomers learn the language of their host nation, seeing it as a condition to ensure they can contribute to society.other european countries laid down a similar requirement for immigrants, and some terms are even tougher. the governments argue that this will help foreigners better join the society and promote understanding across cultures.italy, which has a much weaker tradition of immigration, has witnessed a sharp increase in immigration in recent years. in 1990, immigrants numbered some 1.14 million out of italys then 56.7 million people, or about 2 percent. at the start of this year, foreigners living in italy amounted to 4.56 million of a total population of 60.6 million, or 7.5 percent, with immigrants children accounting for an ever larger percentage of births in italy.cojochru, the moldovan caregiver, hoped obtaining permanent residence(居住权) would help her bring her two children to italy; they live with her sister in moldova, where salaries are among the lowest in europe. she was skeptical that the language requirement would encourage integration.italians always see me as a foreigner, an outsider, even though shes stayed in the country for years and can speak the local language fluently, she said.28. why does cojochru have to take a language test?a. to continue to stay in italy.b. to teach her children italian.c. to find a better job in italy.d. to better mix with the italians.29. some people worry that the new language requirement may _.a. reduce italys population quicklyb. cause conflicts among peoplec. lead to financial difficultiesd. put pressure on schools30. what do we know about cojochru?a. she lives with her sister now in italy.b. she enjoys learning the italian language.c. she speaks italian well enough for her job.d. she wishes to go back to her home country.【答案】28. a 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的but in order to stay shes had to prove her language skills by taking a test可知，cojochru是为了能够继续留在意大利才要参加语言考试的，故选a。29. b 【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段中的such measures will become more a vehicle for intolerance than integration可知一些人担心对语言水平的要求可能会引起人与人之间的不包容，即冲突，故选b。30. c 【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的even though shes stayed in the country for years and can speak the local language fluently可知cojochru的意大利语已经说的得很流利了，故选c。【名师点睛】本文29题属于推理判断题，根据题干some people worry that the new language requirement may, 抓住关键词worry，可以从文中第三段第一句话some immigrant advocates worry that as hard financial times make it more difficult for natives to keep jobs, such measures will become a more vehicle for intolerance than integration(融合). 进行推断。根据关键信息intolerance可判断对语言的要求会造成外来居民和本地居民的不融合，即矛盾，从而选出正确答案。推理判断题是历届考生失分较多的题型，因为此类题不仅要求考生理解具体事实细节，也要理解抽象含义。推理判断题的解题方法有：1. 抓住特定的信息进行逆向或正向推理：善于抓住某一段话中的关键信息，即某些关键词或短语去分析，利用逆向思维或正向推理，从而推断出这句话所隐藏的深层含义。（29小题使用的就是这种方法）2. 结合全文（段）进行推断：做推理题时，需要在弄懂全文意思的基础上，整合与题目相关的有用信息，综合起来进行推理判断，从而确定最佳结论。3. 根据上下文的逻辑关系得出结论：逻辑结论是指严格根据文章中所陈述的事实、论点、例证等一系列论据材料进行推理，从而得出合乎逻辑的结论，所以要把握作者的写作思路，预测下文可能的内容。文章可按照事件发展的经过描写，也可按照因果关系、对比关系来描写。4. 结合自己已有的知识进行推断：知识推断是根据文章中所阐述的细节，运用自己掌握的基础知识进行推敲，从而得出答案，这需要我们有一定的社会基础知识，以及充分理解细节和有关背景知识。passage 2体裁话题词数难度建议时间记叙文在意大利爬山时被人挡住镜头3616分钟(2017天津)fifteen years ago, i took a summer vacation in lecce in southern italy. after climbing up a hill for a panoramic(全景的) view of the blue sea, white buildings and green olive trees, i paused to catch my breath and then positioned myself to take the best photo of this panorama.unfortunately, just as i took out my camera, a woman approached from behind, and planted herself right in front of my view. like me, this woman was here to stop, sigh and appreciate the view.patient as i was, after about 15 minutes, my camera scanning the sun and reviewing the shot i would eventually take, i grew frustrated. was it too much to ask her to move so i could take just one picture of the landscape? sure, i could have asked her, but something prevented me from doing so. she seemed so content in her observation. i didnt want to mess with that.another 15 minutes passed and i grew bored. the woman was still there. i decided to take the photo anyway. and now when i look at it, i think her presence in the photo is what makes the image interesting. the landscape, beautiful on its own, somehow comes to life and breathes because this woman is engaging with it.this photo, with the unique beauty that unfolded before me and that woman who ruined it, now hangs on a wall in my bedroom. what would she think if she knew that her figure is captured(捕捉) and frozen on some strangers bedroom wall? a bedroom, after all, is a very private space, in which some woman i dont even know has been immortalized(使永存). in some ways, she lives in my house.perhaps we all live in each others spaces. perhaps this is what photos are for: to remind us that we all appreciate beauty, that we all share a common desire for pleasure, for connection, for something that is greater than us.that photo is a reminder, a captured moment, an unspoken conversation between two women, separated only by a thin square of glass.41. what happened when the author was about to take a photo?a. her camera stopped working.b. a woman blocked her view.c. someone asked her to leave.d. a friend approached from behind.42. according to the author, the woman was probably_.a. enjoying herselfb. losing her patiencec. waiting for the sunsetd. thinking about her past43. in the authors opinion, what makes the photo so alive?a. the rich color of the landscape.b. the perfect positioning of the camera.c. the womans existence in the photo.d. the soft sunlight that summer day.44. the photo on the bedroom wall enables the author to better understand _.a. the need to be close to natureb. the importance of private spacec. the joy of the vacation in italyd. the shared passion for beauty45. the passage can be seen as the authors reflections upon _.a. a particular life experienceb. the pleasure of travelingc. the art of photographyd. a lost friendship【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者一次旅行的特殊经历带给作者的深思和感悟。41. b 【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段第一句unfortunately, just as i took out my camera, a woman approached from behind, and planted herself right in front of my view可知选b。42. a 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段的句子she seemed so content in her observation.可知选a。43. c 【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段的句子and now when i look at it, i think her presence in the photo is what makes the image interesting. the landscape, beautiful on its own, somehow comes to life and breathes because this woman is engaging with it.可知选c。【名师点睛】这是一篇故事类短文，题目设置以推理题为主，细节题为辅。细节题一般就是文章出现的内容即是答案，也有推理判断题，就是不是通过题干的某个单词定位到文中能直接看出答案来的，要通过故事中所陈述的内容来推理判断。做推理题要善于抓住文中的关键信息，即某些关键词或短语去分析、推理、判断，利用逆向思维或正面推理，从而推断出材料中所隐含的深层含义。passage 3体裁话题词数难度建议时间说明文沉默在不同文化中的含义3285分钟(2016新课标全国卷i)the meaning of silence varies among cultural groups. silences may be thoughtful, or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say. a silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness, uneasiness, or worry. silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap(间隙) with conversation. persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a persons needs.many native americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people, just as some traditional chinese and thai persons do. therefore, when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenlystops,whatmay beimplied(暗示)isthattheperson wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing. in these cultures, silence is a call for reflection.other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power. for example, russian, french, and spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic under discussion. however, mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. in still another use, persons in asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an elder or a person in authority.nurses and other care-givers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patients silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily. a nurse who understands the healing(治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.32. what does the author say about silence in conversations?a. it implies anger.b. it promotes friendship.c. it is culture-specific.d. it is content-based.33. which of the following people might regard silence as a call for careful thought?a. the chinese.b. the french.c. the mexicans.d. the russians.34. what does the author advise nurses to do about silence?a. let it continue as the patient pleases.b. break it while treating patients.c. evaluate its harm to patients.d. make use of its healing effects.35. what may be the best title for the text?a. sound and silenceb. what it means to be silentc. silence to native americansd. speech is silver; silence is gold【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了沉默在不同文化背景下的不同内涵。32.c 【解析】推理判断题。根据文章首段首句the meaning of silence varies among cultural groups.可知，作者认为沉默是有文化特性的。33.a 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段的前两句可知中国人和泰国人认为谈话时人们沉默是在思考。34.d 【解析】推理判断题。根据末段末句中的a nurse who understands the healing(治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients可知，作者建议护士要用沉默来辅助治疗病人。故选d。35.b 【解析】主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了在不同文化背景下谈话期间的沉默的不同含义，由此判断b选项可以概括文章内容。故选b。【试题分析】很多时候，人们信奉沉默是金。在日常生活中，沉默大家用得不少。那么在不同国家中，沉默代表什么意思呢？本试题中的文章给出了不同文化背景下，沉默的不同内涵。在跨文化交际中，要特别注意。passage 4体裁话题词数难度建议时间说明文不同国家的商务风俗和礼仪4506分钟(2014浙江)here is some must-know information from a handbook on how people behave in doing business in some countries.in brazilbrazilians are warm and friendly. they often stand close when talking and it is common for them to touch the person on the shoulder. people often greet each other (particularly women) with light cheek kisses. schedules tend to be flexible, with business meetings sometimes starting later than planned. but to be safe, be on time. meals can stretch for hours theres no such thing as rushing a meal in brazil. lunches also can start in the mid to late afternoon. brazilians are social, preferring face-to-face communication over mails or phone calls.in singaporesingaporeans shake hands when they meet and often also greet each other with a small, polite bow. business cards should be offered and received with two hands. arriving late is considered disrespectful. so be on time. efficiency(效率) is the goal, so meetings and dealings often are fast-paced. singaporeans are direct in their discussions, even when the subject is about money. rank is important and authority is respected. this determines both people interact in meetings. for example, people avoid disagreeing outright with someone with a higher rank.in the united arab emiratesin the uae, status is important, so the most senior or oldest should be greeted first with their titles. the handshake seems to be longer than elsewhere. so, do not pull away the handshake. women should cover themselves when it comes to dress. men also tend to be covered from neck to elbows(肘部) and down to the knees. people do not avoid entertaining in their homes, but they also hold business meals at restaurants. touching or passing food or eating with your left hand is to be avoided. when meetings are one-to-one, if your host offers you coffee, you should refuse. it might seem odd, but it is a cultural tradition. coffee should only be accepted if it is always set out or presented.in switzerlandthe swiss tend to be formal and address each other by last name. they also are respectful of private lives. you should be careful not to ask about personal topics. punctuality (守时) is vital, something that comes from a deep respect for others time. arrive at any meeting or event a few minutes early to be safe. they also have clear structure in their companies. higher-ups make the final decisions, even if others might disagree. neat, clean dress is expected. the swiss follow formal table manners. they also keep their hands visible at the table and their elbows off the table. it is polite to finish the food on your plate.46. the passage is mainly about _. a. communication typesb. the workplace atmosphere c. customs and social mannersd. living conditions and standards47. why do singaporeans avoid arguing with their boss? a. they put efficiency in the first place. b. they dislike face-to-face communication. c. they want to finish meetings as quickly as possible. d. they are supposed to obey the person of a higher rank.48. in the uae, when should you refuse the coffee if it is offered? a. when greeting seniors.b. when meeting the host alone. c. when attending a presentation.d. when dining with business partners.49. in which country do people care about where to put their hands at the dinner table? a. in brazil.b. in singapore. c. in the united arab emirate.d. in switzerland.【答案】【语篇解读】本文是一个介绍不同国家里人们不同的商务风俗和礼仪的小册子，列举了巴西、新加坡、阿拉伯联合酋长国(阿联酋)以及瑞士四个国家的具体例子。46. c 【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章第一句可知本文讲述的是一些国家里人们的行为举止是什么样的，接在举例说明了四个国家中具体的商务风俗，所以本文主要是关于世界各国的不同商务风俗和礼仪的。故c正确。48. b 【解析】细节理解题。根据in the united arab emirates部分中的when meetings are one-to-one, if your host offers you coffee, you should refuse.可知当你和主人单独相处时，你应该拒绝主人提供的咖啡。故b正确。49. d 【解析】细节理解题。根据in switzerland部分中的the swiss follow formal table manners. they also keep their hands visible at the table and their elbows off the table.可知在瑞士吃饭的时候，人们要注意将自己的双手放在桌子上。故d正确。【试题分析】随着世界化的进展，国际贸易越来越紧密，商务风俗与礼仪就越来越重要了。有时候，一个不当的礼仪可能会毁掉一次合作。在经济全球化的今天，我们需要多多注意商务风俗与礼仪，避免发生不愉快。iii. 语法填空体裁话题词数难度建议时间说明文筷子1967分钟(2016新课标全国卷iii)in much of asia, especially the so-calle