it用法考点归纳.doc

it用法考点归纳一、考点聚焦 （一）、it的基本用法 1. 用作人称代词，代替前文提到过的事物。 The train has arrived. It arrived half an hour ago. 2. 用以代替提示代词this, that。 Whats this? Its a knife. Whose watch is that? Its mine. 3. 起指示代词的作用，指一个人或事物。 Who is knocking at the door? Its me. 4. 指环境情况等。 It was very noisy (quiet) at the very moment. 5. 指时间、季节、天气、气候等。 What time is it? Its eight oclock. It often rains in summer here. 6. 指距离。 It is a long way to the school. 7. 作形式主语。替代作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词，而把真正作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。 It 作形式主语的常见句型： 1) 代作主语的动词不定式，其句型为 （1）It be adj. (for sb.) to do sth. 此处adj. 通常为描述事件的形容词如：easy, difficult, hard, necessary, unne-cessary, possible, impossible, likely, unlikely, right, wrong, important, unimport-ant, legal, illegal, well-mannered, ill-mannered, polite, impolite, clear, obvious, certain, suitable, proper, fit, useful, useless, dangerous等。 例如： It is illegal (for a teenager) to drive a car without a license. （2）It be adj. of sb. to do sth. 此处adj. 通常为描述人的形容词：kind, unkind, nice, rude, cruel, considerate, thoughtful, thoughtless, careful, careless, silly, foolish, stupid, clever, wise, crazy等。 例如： Its kind of you to help me with the problem. 2) It替代作主语的动名词的常见句型 Its no good/use doing Its (well)worth doing Its (well)worth ones while doing/to do Its (well)worth while doing/ to do 例 如: Its no use crying over spilt milk. 3) It替代作主语的从句常见句型 （1）It is + noun +从句 例如： It is no secret that the president wants to have a second term at office. （2）.It is adj. +clause Its surprising that (should)竟然 Its a pity/shame that(should)竟然 例如： Its important that you should apologize to her for your rudeness.(=Its of much importance that you should apologize to her for your rudeness.) （3）It verb sb. + clause= It is v-ing + clause It+surprise/delight/interest/disappoint/worry/disturb/annoy/amaze/bother/concern/frighten/please/anger sb. that 例 如： It worried me that she drove so fast.(= It was worrying that she drove so fast.) （4）It verb (to sb.) that= sb/sth verb to do 此处常用的动词有： appear, seem, come about, emerge, follow, chance, happen, occur, transpire, turn out , work out等。 例如： It (so) happened/chanced that they were out.(= They happened/chanced to be out.) （5）It is v-ed that=sb/sth is v-ed to do 该句型常用下列一些动词的过去分词：say, report, think, believe, hope, expect, agree, accept, decide, determine, intend, plan, understand, know。 例如： It is said that the couple have gotten divorced.(=The couple are said to have gotten divorced.（6）It is v-ed that (should) 该句型常用一些表示要求、建议、命令的动词如demand, request, require, order, suggest, advise, recommend 等，在他们后边的从句一般用虚拟语气，即should + 动词原型，should 可省略。 例如： It is suggested that they should begin with the third question. 8. 作形式宾语。it作形式宾语，用来替代作宾语的从句、动词不定式、动名词，而把真正作宾语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。 it 作形式宾语的常见句型： 1) verb+ it+ adj./noun (for/of sb.) to do/clause 此处verb指think, believe, suppose, consider, feel, make, keep等动词。 例 如：I think it hard for you to do the task on your own./I think it hard that youll do the task on your own. 2) verb + it + adj./noun (ones) doing 该句型的adj.指useless，worth，worthwhile等； noun指no use，no good， worth ones while，a waste of time/money/energy/words等； verb常见的有 think, believe, suppose, consider, feel, make, keep等。 例 如： Ill make it worth your while telling me about his secret. 3) verb + it + important/unimportant/necessary/unnecessary/natural/essential that (should) verb + it + of much/great/no/little importance that(should) 该句型的verb常见的有think, believe, suppose, consider, feel, make, keep等。 例 如： I think it important that you (should) attend the conference. 4) verb + it+ as+ noun/adj.+ clause 常用的动词有accept, regard, take, see, view等。 例如： The lecturer takes it as encouraging when so many students attend his lecture. 5) v. +it + prep. + that owe it to sb. that把归功于 leave it to sb that把留给某人去做 take it for granted that 想当然 例如： Dont bother to arrange anything. Just leave it to me to sort out.6) it用在不能直接跟宾语从句的动词后面，尤其是表示好恶的动词后，enjoy, like, love, dislike, resent, hate, dont mind, be fond of, feel like, see to 宾语从句紧跟it之后 例如： I hate it you can swim so well and I cant. 6) it用在不能直接跟宾语从句的介词后面，宾语从句紧跟it之后（except that例外） 例 如： Im for it that you will follow their advice. 9. 用于强调结构 It is/was+被强调部分+ that(who) 强调句型用来强调谓语动词以外的任何句子成分。当被强调部分是人时也可以用who。 在使用强调句型时需注意以下几点： 1) 请注意强调句型的特殊疑问句 例 如：When was it that he changed his mind to take part in the activity？ 2) 在强调原因状语从句时，只能强调由because所引导的从句 例如： It was because he was ill that he didnt come to school yester-day. 3) 在强调not until结构时必须把not与until一起放到被强调的位置上 例 如： It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was my aunt. 4) a注意强调句型与定语从句的区别 例如： It was at 7 oclock that he came here yesterday.( 强调句型) It was 7 oclock when he came here yesterday.(定语从句)（二）、含有“It is ”的句型 1. It is time (for sb.) to do sth. Its time for you to leave. 你该走了。 （提醒）It is (high) time that sb. did sth/should do sth.(虚拟语气.此处should不可省。) Its (high) time you should leave. = Its (high) time you left. 你早就该离开了。2. It is/was + 时间 + since 从已多久了。 It is three years since I met him in Beijing. It was a long time since I (had) lived in that small mountain village with these farmers.（注意两句中的时态） It is five months since I arrived in New York.我到纽约已经五个月了。 It is five months since I was in New York.我离开纽约已经五个月了。 （注意：终止性动词表示从动作发生时算起；如果是状态动词或持续性动词，则从动作或状态结束时算起。） 3. It is + 时间 + before 这个句型和上面句型中时间都是时间段，如long、years、months、weeks、five days、three hours、twenty minutes等。不过主句的时态多用一般将来时或一般过去时。 It will be several years before we meet again. 我们要过好几年才能再见面。 It was not long before they set out for the front. 不久他们就出发去了前线。 4. It is /was/will be the first/second/third time that It is the first time that I have been here. It was the second time that he had seen the film. （注意两句中的时态）5. It is up to sb. to do sth 应由某人做某事。 It is up to you to decide whether we start or not. 二、精典名题导解选择填空 1. _ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.(NMET 1995) A. There B. This C. That D. It 解析：答案为D。本题考查作形式主语的用法。that引导的从句是真正的主语。为避免头重脚轻而平衡句子结构，将it置于句首作形式主语。 2. I hope there are enough glasses for each guest to have _.(NMET 1995) A. it B. those C. them D. one 解析：答案为D。本题考查替代词it和one的区别。it用于替代同类的、特定的、同一的事物；one替代同类的、泛指的人或物。根据题意“我希望有足够的杯子使每个客人有一个。”可知应用one泛指enough glasses中的一个。3. Was _ that I saw last night at the concert? A. it you B. not you C. you D. that yourself解析：答案为A。本题考查强调句型的疑问式。只须将句序变为陈述句便不难得出答案。 it用法考点真题练习 1.It is the ability to do the job _ matters not where you come from or what you are. A. one B. that C. what D. it (2000) 2. -Why dont we take a little break? -Didnt we just have _?A. it B. that C. one D. this (2000全国)3. The parkers bought a new house but _ will need a lot of work before they can move in.A. they B. it C. one D. which (2001全国)4.In fact _ is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match.A. this B. that C. there D. it (2001 上海) 5. -He was nearly drown once. -When was _? -_ was in 1998 when he was in middle school. A. that; It B. this; This C. this; It D. that; This ( 2002 全国)6. Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment, _I will always treasure.A. that B. one C. it D. what (2002 全国)7. -Your coffee smells great ! -Its from Mexico. Would you like _?A. it B. some C. this D. little (2003 春)8. -Theres coffee and tea; you can have _. -Thanks.A. either B. each C. one D. it ( 2003全国)9. We needed a new cupboard for the kitchen. So Peter made _ from some wood we had. A. it B. one C. himself D. another (2004全国III)10. The foreign Minister said,“_our hope that the two sides will work towards peace. ”A. This is B. There is C. That is D. It is (2004 北京)11. -Do you like _ here? -Oh, yes. The air, the weather, the way of life. Everything is so nice.A. this B. these C. that D. it （2004 全国II）12. I like _ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.A. this B. that C. it D. one (2004 全国I)13. I intended to compare notes with a friend, but unfortunately _ couldntspare me even one minute.A. they B. one C. who D. it （2004重庆）14. Cars do cause us some health problems in fact far more serious _ than mobile phones do. A. one B. ones C. it D. those (2005 江西)15 The doctor advised Vera strongly that she should take a holiday, but _ didnt help.A. it B. she C. which D. he (2005 全国III)16. Weve been looking at houses but havent found _ we like yet.A. one B. ones C. it D. them (2005 浙江) 17 I prefer a flat in Inverness to _ in Perth, because I want to live mear my Moms.A. one B. that C. it D. this (2005 天津)18. The chairman thought _ necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting. A. that B. it C. this D. him (2005 全国I II)1