unit1handout.doc

Unit 1Text1Spaghetti is the Italian-style thin noodle, cooked by boiling and served with sauce. Unlike some Chinese noodles, it is not served in soup and will never taste pulpy AuthorRussell Wayne Baker (born August 14, 1925) is an American Pulitzer Prize-winning writer known for his satirical commentary and self-critical prose, as well as for his autobiography, Growing Up.Main ideas1-2 Baker was bored by everything associated with English courses, including his new English teacher.3-5 Baker found himself attracted by one particular topic and wrote about it for his own enjoyment.6-9 The experience of writing the essay helped Baker discover his talent for writing and realize what he wished to do in life.Language pointsOff and on: Form time to time 时不时地e.g. 这一年来我断断续续为IMB工作I have been working, off and on, for IBM this year.Take hold: 1.control; 2.hold (in hands/mind)确立 e.g.很多家庭都有只要一个孩子的想法The idea of one child only has taken hold in many families.e.g. 你应该在习惯养成之前别再熬夜。You should stop staying up late before the habit takes hold.Associate 1. make connection 关联起来；使联想 2. hang out with 与来往e.g.肺癌与吸烟有关Lung cancer had been associated with smoking.e.g.我无法把这个外表温柔的姑娘和她警察的职业联系起来I cant associated this gentle woman with her job as a police officer.Agony n. acute mental or physical pain 极度痛苦 用法： of; in e.g. 我仍然感受得到的那次分手的巨大痛苦。I can still feel the agony of that breakup. Assignment n. task 任务，作业Math 数学作业 give/accept 布置/接受任务Assign v. 1.give; attribute 分配2. give an a task or assignment to布置e.g.我们把最大的房间分配给新来的那个女孩。We assigned the biggest room to the new girl.Turn out duce regularly or quickly生产 2.prove to be 结果是E.g. 上个月你们生产了多少辆车？How many cars did you turn out last month?Anticipate v. expect 预期；期望E.g.一个好的演讲者能够对听众的需要有所预期。A good speaker is able to anticipate an audiences need. Reputation n. the general opinion that the public has for a person 名声；声望 1.has reputation for /of being 以而出名 2.excellent/good/high 好名声 bad/poor 3.establish/have 树立/获得声望 damage/lose Tedious adj. boring and lasting 无聊冗长 用法： movie/speech/lecture Inspire v. encourage; urge 激发;鼓舞e.g. 她总是鼓舞我去追求自己的梦想She always inspires me to follow my dreams.E.g 他的事迹鼓舞了我们 His story inspired us.Sb./sth. is said/believed/reported to do/to be 据说,被认为是 e.g.人们认为他有超能力 He is believed to have supernatural power.Rigid adj. fixed in behavior, views or method; strict 一成不变的，死板的；严格的 e.g. 他做事死板 He is rigid about things.E.g. 我不喜欢严格死板的日程表I dont like rigid schedule.Out of date 1.old-fashioned 过时的2.invalid 失效的E.g. 你的护照过期了Your passport is out of date Severe adj. 1.Completely plain 朴素的2.great (pain) 严重的，剧烈的（疼痛）A severe dress Severe painpointed jaw round jaw square jaw e.g. 当我看到她的穿着吃惊的下巴都掉了My jaw dropped when I saw what she was wearingComic antique arousing or provoking laughter 滑稽的老古董unfruitful adj. not producing good or helpful results/fruit 无结果的，无成效的 The meeting was unfruitful.会议毫无结果Tackle vt. deal with sth. difficult 处理 a problem successfully essay n. a short piece of writing on a particular subject Distribute v.divide and give out 分配，分发e.g. 这本书免费分发到了每所学校Copies of the book were distributed free to each school.Simple-minded adj. having very little intelligence or judgment 头脑简单，无知Face up to adj. be brave enough to accept or del with 勇敢的面对或接受e.g. 我们必须面对现实We have to face up to the reality.Due 1预期的 2 到期的E.g. The baby is due in August. 孩子预计八月出生E.g. The assignment is due.Scan v. look though quickly 粗略地看 e.g.银行家边吃早餐边把一打报纸的金融专栏浏览了一遍。The banker scanned the financial section of a dozen newspapers over breakfast Title 1 n. a name of an artistic work 标题2 v.give a name to an artistic work给加标题extraordinary very unusual or remarkable不同寻常；卓越的，非凡的e.g. 那个男生对我特别关注The boy has paid extraordinary attention to me.sequence n. a particular order of events, movements 顺序e.g. 这个故事是按逻辑顺序发展的。The story follows a logical sequence.image n. 1.picture 2.picture formed in mind3. the general impression of sb/sth 画面；形象e.g. 明星们通过参加公益活动提升公共形象Stars improve their images by participating in charity events.vivid adj. producing powerful feelings or strong, clear images in the mind 生动的，逼真的 e.g.那晚的情景仍记忆犹新Memories of that evening were still vivid.Vivid imaginationRecall v. bring (an event) back into ones mind. 回想起，记起e.g.我记不起那部电影的名字了I cannot recall the title of the movie.respectable. regarded by society to be good, proper, or correct 可敬的，体面的A lady 一个正派的女人 A school Put down write down 写下来Violate v. act against；break 违反，违背；侵犯 someones privacy 侵犯某人隐私 traffic regulation 违反交通规则Compose v. write or create （music, poetry, picture） 创作 (音乐、诗歌、画、文章等)Turn in hand in 交作业Command 1. v.& n. give an authoritative order; 命令 2.n. the ability to control 掌握e.g.他精通法语He has a brilliant command of French. Discipline. n. the practice of training people to obey rules 管教；训导e.g. 他缺少学校的管教He lacks of school discipline.Contempt n. 轻视 (cet-6) e.g.他对她的建议表示不屑 He shows his contempt for her advices.Hold sb./sth. back prevent (expression) 抑制（情感） e.g.她竭力忍住泪水 She struggled to hold back the tears.Avoid v. prevent from happening 防止发生 doingCalling n.1.a profession or occupation 职业2. a strong feeling of duty to do a particular of job 使命，天职Seal n.&v.a piece of wax or other material with an individual design stamped into it 封印，章Essence n. the intrinsic nature; the most important quality 本质；精髓 Rose essence oilCareer n. an occupation undertaken for a significant period of a persons life and with opportunities for progress 职业，事业e.g.他职业生涯的第一份工作是银行柜员 He started his career as a bank teller.The eleventh hour： the last moment before sth. Important happen 最后时刻e.g.参加决赛的决定是在最后时刻作出的The decision to play in final was made at the eleventh hour. ParaphraseHow do we paraphrase? Fully grasp the original meaning. Do not change the meaning of the passage Replacing key words 1 Synonym 同义词2 Summarize 总结 3 Explanation 解释 Change the structure of the original sentences: 1 Inverting the order of sentence parts2 Breaking them into shorter sentences3 Combining simple sentences into compound and complex sentencesThe idea of becoming possibility took hold.Ever since I was a child in Belleville, I had thought of becoming a writer from time to time, but I hadnt made up my mind until I was in the eleventh grade.Until then, English courses.Up to then, I had lost interest in things related to English courses. I hated the assignmentsfor me to write.I found it painful to write long, boring essays as required by teachers; neither did teachers enjoy what I wrote.When our class was assigned to Mr. Fleagletedious of subjects. When it was decided that Mr. Fleagle would teach us English during my third year in high school, I expected the English course to be as boring as before.Late informal essayLate in the year we learned how to write informal essay and practiced writing themNone was quiteas dullThere are no simple-minded topics such as “What I did on my summer vacation on the list, but most of the topics seemed to be nearly as dull.I was preparingfor disciplineI expected that Mr. Fleagle would order me to see him soon after school for the purpose of punishing meIn the eleventha callingIn my eleventh grade, and one might say at the last possible moment, I had found something I wished to take up as a career.Keys Vocabulary I.1. 1) respectable 2) agony 3) put down 4) sequence 5) hold back 6) distribute 7) off and on 8) vivid 9) associate 10) finally 11) turn in 12) tackle 2. 1) has been assigned to the newspapers Paris office. 2) was so extraordinary that I didnt know whether to believe him or not. 3) a clear image of how she would look in twenty years time. 4) gave the command the soldiers opened fire. 5) buying bikes well keep turning them out.3. 1) reputation rigid to inspire 2) and tedious Whats more out of date ideas 3) compose career avoid showing hardly hold backII.1. composed 2. severe 3. agony 4. extraordinary 5. recall 6. command 7. was violating 8. anticipateIII.1. at 2. for 3. of 4. with 5. as 6. about 7. to 8. in in 9. from 10. on/uponComprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze1. (1) hold back (2) tedious (3) scanned (4) recall (5) vivid (6) off and on (7) turn out/in (8) career2. (1) last (2) surprise (3) pulled (4) blowing (5) dressed (6) scene (7) extraordinary (8) image (9) turn (10) excitementTranslation1 As it was a formal party, I wore formal dress, as Mother told me to2 His girlfriend advised him to get out of/get rid of his bad habit of smoking before it took hold. 3 Anticipating that the demand for el