人教版选修八Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors Reading课时作业 (1).docx

unit 5 meeting your ancestors reading课时作业.单句语法填空1.it is a great pleasure to be invited (invite) to speak here. 解析：考查动词不定式。it is a great pleasure to do sth.很高兴做某事，it是形式主语，不定式是真正的主语。2.“you cant judge a book by its cover，” as the old saying goes.解析：考查非限制性定语从句。句意：正如古训所说“人不可貌相，海水不可斗量”。as引导的非限制性定语从句,指代整个主句的内容,意为“正如”。3.(2016北京卷改编）excuse me,which movie are you wait-ing for?the new star wars.we have been waiting (wait) here for more than two hours.解析：考查动词时态。句意：打扰一下，请问你在等哪部电影？刚上映的星球大战。我们在这里已等了两个多小时。根据语境，说话时还在等。故用现在完成进行时。4.i had no alternative but to report (report) him to the police.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：除了向警察举报他，我别无选择。have no alternative but to do sth.别无选择只好做。5.it is reasonable to assume (assume) that the economy will continue to improve.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：认为经济继续好转是有道理的。it is reasonable to do sth.做某事是有道理的。6.the expression on his face suggested that he was (be) very angry.解析：考查谓语的时态。句意：他脸上的表情表明他很生气。suggest在本句中表示“暗示，表明”，后接宾语从句时，从句用陈述语气而不用虚拟语气。7.it seemed that they used the sharpened (sharpen) stone tools to cut up animals and removed the skins.解析：句意：他们似乎用磨尖的石器来切割野兽并剥皮。sharpened 过去分词作定语，表示被动完成的动作；cut up切碎。8.（2016江苏卷改编）many young people,most of whom were well-educated,headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.解析：考查定语从句。young people是先行词，most of whom其中大部分，表示整体中的一部分，引导定语从句。9.（2016天津卷改编）the teacher must have thought johnson was worth it or she wouldnt have wasted time on him, i suppose.解析：考查情态动词。句意：我猜想，老师肯定认为约翰是值得培养的，不然她不会在他身上浪费时间的。must have done表示对过去已发生的事情进行肯定的推测, 表示 “一定”。10.he insisted on trying， regardless of the possible bad consequences.解析：考查介词短语。句意：他全然不顾可能产生的后果，执意要试一试。regardless of不管，不顾。.单句改错1.（2016浙江卷改编）i had as much fun sailing the seas as i now do with students.解析：考查非谓语动词，句意：我以前在航海中所获得的快乐与现在从跟学生在一起的工作中所获得的快乐一样多。have fun doing做某事很开心；asas句型，句中do替代have fun。2.i told your friend how to get to the hotel, but perhaps i have driven her there.解析：考查情态动词。句意:我告诉你朋友该怎么去旅馆, 但或许我应该开车送她去那。might have done（过去）可能做过；should have done本应该做（而事实上没做）。3.the primitive people picked fruit when it was ripened.解析：考查谓语动词的语态。ripen成熟，不及物动词，没有被动语态。4.you dont know that our school used to be a part of a large pond.解析：考查冠词。句意：你不知道我们学校曾经是一个大池塘的一部分。part of的一部分。5.many fans hate it when their favorite stars wear clothes entirely of animal skins.解析：考查非谓语动词。made entirely of animal skins过去分词短语作定语，表示make与clothes之间是被动关系。6.（2016北京卷改编）i live next door to a couple children often make a lot of noise.解析：考查定语从句，句意：我住在一对夫妻的隔壁，他们的孩子总是弄出很大的响声。couple是先行词，在定语从句中充当定语，故用whose。7.（2016江苏卷改编）it is often the case anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.解析：考查主语从句。句型it is often the case that，是常有的情况。it是形式主语，that引导主语从句。8.it was here we found evidence of some of the earliest people.解析：考查强调句型。强调副词here，用句型it isthat。9.layers of ashes almost six meters thick suggest that the earliest people might the fire burning all winter.解析：考查情态动词。might do或许/可能做某事，对现在情况进行没有把握的推测；might have done可能做了某事，对过去的情况进行没有把握的推测。10.does the needle mean that they repaired things?解析：考查非谓语动词。the sewing needle缝纫针，sewing是动名词作定语，表示用途；sewn过去分词，表示被缝制的，强调被动完成的动作。.阅读理解 fish have different personalities which change as they experience lifes highs and lows， according to british biologists.researchers identified different“personalities” in their fish by observing the boldness or shyness of individuals， according to the nature.like people，some fish are very confident in the face of novelty(新奇事物) or conflict， while others are silent and fearful.the scientists selected particularly bold and shy rainbow trout， and tested whether they changed their outlook depending on what life threw at them.they arranged some fish to fight and others to watch to see how both the participants and observers responded to victories and defeats.winning or losing a fight， or even watching fellow fish overcome the difficulties influenced the future behavior of the creatures studied in the lab.the researchers made fish compete with much larger or smaller opponents，to ensure that they would win or lose their fights.these bold fish that won their fights tended to be even bolder when later presented with a novel food item；losing their fights caused them to be much more cautious.fish also learn by watching others.bold fish watching a shy fish exploring a mystery object were much more nervous when later given a novelty item for themselves.“predictably，shy fish that won a fight also gained more confidence，but surprisingly，shy fish that lost their fights also grew bolder when exploring strange new food，”sneddon said，adding that this could be due to what she calls the “desperado effect”(亡命之徒效应).the new research suggests that animals can gradually adapt their personalities.the results echo the effects that life experience can have on human.语篇导读科学家通过对鱼类进行试验证明了它们有很强的适应能力。1.what does the underlined word“creatures” in paragraph 3 probably refer to?a.fish. b.participants.c.observers. d.researchers.解析：a 词义猜测题。由画线词后面的“studied in the lab”可推知，creatures指fish。2.the third paragraph of the text is mainly about_ .a.a conclusion of the researchb.an explanation of fish charactersc.a statement of the experimentd.a description of fish fights解析：c 段落大意题。通读第三段可知，本段主要陈述了在实验室里试验的步骤、方法和得出的结论。故c项正确。3.what can we know from the research?a.bold losing fish become bolder when presented with a novel food item.b.losing their fights causes the bold fish to be much more courageous.c.bold fish watching a shy fish exploring a mystery get less nervous.d.shy fish losing fights grow more confident in exploring new food.解析：d 细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的“shy fish that lost their fights also grew bolder when exploring strange new food”可知，d项正确。4.whats the main idea of the text?a.fish have stress in the fierce fights.b.fish care about winning or losing a fight.c.fish have adaptable personalities.d.fish can learn a lot by watching others.解析：c 主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是文章的第一段及最后一段的第一句可知，本文主要介绍了鱼的适应能力强。 love and friendshipthey are both so much related to each other.and both are so dissimilar! what are the differences between friendship and love? is platonic（柏拉图式的）friendship possible between persons of the opposite sex? 5._what is friendship? why do we call a person our friend? when do we call someone a very good friend? if we care for a person, if we are always ready to help that person and if we share most of our thoughts with a person, they are our good friends.we can always count upon our good friends in an emergency.we are always sure that our friends will understand why we acted in a certain way.6._ the friendship is so deep and the relationship is so intimate, that most of the things are automatically understood by our friends.7._ in a relationship of deep love, all the sharing that we discussed above is taken for granted.but love transcends（超出）all this.during love, we are attached with a particular person, while in friendship, one may have many friends.a loving relationship makes one so much attached to the other that one gets pained if his/her beloved is hurt! love also involves a physical element.8._ this is a vital difference.nature gives us love so that the species can go forward.nature does not give us friendship.your heart beats will never increase in anticipation of meeting your friend.9._ you will not feel totally lost, if you dont meet your friend for a few days.you will not have dreams in your eyes thinking about your friend.but in love, you will do all this and much more.indeed, there is no comparison between love and friendship.a.what about love?b.my answer is “yes”.c.let us try and understand.d.friendship does not have that.e.we need not explain anything to our very good friends.f.you will not lie awake at night thinking about your friend.g.the physical element may include hand in hand while walking.语篇导读本文是说明文，讲述了友谊和爱情的区别。5.c 解析：上句是提出关于友谊和爱情的问题，下文就说明它们的区别。故选c。我们试着去理解它们。6.e 解析：下文谈到好朋友会自觉去彼此理解对方，所以此处提到不必向好朋友解释什么。故选e。7.a 解析：下句提到爱情，所以此处是主题句，什么是爱情？故选a。8.d 解析：下句提到它们有重大的差别；上文提到爱情有身体反应，深深迷恋对方。故空白处选d，友谊没有那样的反应。9.f 解析：上下文谈到没有遇到朋友时你的反应。故此处也应该谈到这样的情景。故选f。.短文改错i was taking a train to londons victoria station.i had noticed that the carriage was and filled with people.before long, a train inspector to check our tickets.a passenger realized he couldnt find his ticket became quite upset.then everyone in the carriage began searching the ticket, which was eventually found under a seat several rows from owner.the person who found ticket smiled with pleasure at his success.no one in the carriage had spoken to or even noticed the ticket-owner before.yet, they had so quickly offered the their help.if we could show concern to others need,the world would be a better place to live in.1.解析：考查动词时态。本文讲述的是发生在过去的一件事情,故用一般过去时。2.解析：考查形容词。 句中was为系动词,其后应该跟形容词noisy作表语。3.解析：考查动词时态。此处在叙述过去发生的事情,故用一般过去时。4.解析：考查连词。句意:一位乘客意识到找不到自己的车票了,就变得非常担心。上下两个分句之间为顺承关系而非转折关系,故用and。5.解析：考查动词搭配。 search for寻找、搜寻,固定搭配。search搜(身)。6.解析：考查代词。 此处意为“车票的主人”,而非“他的主人”,故用its/the。7.解析：考查冠词。此处特指“那张车票”。8.解析：考查副词。此处previously修饰的是谓语动词had spoken to,故用副词形式。9.解析：考查名词单复数。此处特指“丢失车票的那个陌生人”,应该是一个人,故用单数形式。10.解析：考查介词。in need贫困的,固定搭配。.单词拼写 根据首字母或汉语提示写出下列各句中的单词。1.im sorry, but there is no alternative (选择) but to sell the car to pay him back.2. assuming (假定) that the proposal is accepted, when do you think we can get the money?3.there are various branches of science and botany falls into the category (范畴) of biology.4.our cat likes to sharpen (削尖) her claws on the legs of the dining table.5.some flatmates are neat and tidy while others are very messy (凌乱的).6.dont interrupt (打断讲话) the speaker now; he will answer questions later.7. analysis (分