(八) 复合句——名词性从句.doc

（八）复合句名词性从句1(八) 复合句名词性从句说明: 所有相关复合句的综合练习将出现在“从句综合练习”章节v考点归纳1. 判断句中谓语动词、非谓语动词、连词数量的方法:“结构最大”(Structure First Principle)一般情况下，一句句子中只允许有一个谓语动词；若要添加一个谓语动词，则需加入一个连词；若不增加连词，则需将谓语动词转变为非谓语动词；一般情况下，将句中所省略的连词全部补全，若有连词个，则从句有个，谓语动词有个2. 判断是何种从句的方法:从句在整个句子中充当的成分即从句类型，这与连词在从句中充当的成分不同3. 名词性从句主要包括主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句；可用连接词、连接代词或连接副词引导名词性从句；主要的连接词包括that, whether, if, as if, as though；主要的连接代词包括what, which, who(m), whose, whatever, whichever, who(m)ever；主要的连接副词包括where, when, why, how, wherever, whenever, however4. 主语从句、表语从句、表语从句的几点说明: that可用于引导三种从句，引导主语从句、表语从句时不能省略；表语从句中的that除特殊情况，通常能省略；总之，引导这三种从句时，不省略that总是对的引导名词性从句时，if与whether不能随意互换，whether的适用范围较大；若宾语从句作介词的宾语；主语从句、宾语从句中；与or not相连时，只能用whether感叹句充当宾语从句或表语从句，注意其结构；注意语序-ever系列(whatever等)既可以引导让步状语从句，又可以引导名词性从句；但no matter系列(no matter what等)只可以引导让步状语从句；区别what与whatever可以使用形式主语it占据主语从句位置，使其退至主句后；可以使用形式宾语it占据宾语从句位置，使其退至主句后(相关内容详见it章节)5. 同位语从句的几点说明:同位语从句修饰、说明一个抽象名词，一般由that引导，此时的that不可省略；有时也可为whether和wh- 分句区分同位语从句与定语从句: 定语从句与先行词是修饰关系，同位语从句则是等同关系6. 名词性从句中会“插入”诸如I think, Im sure等短句表示某人观点，此时句中的疑问语序应给插入语；同位语从句中常有“割裂”现象，为的是保持句子结构的平衡，如He bought what I think was a useless book.News came that another shop would be built.v考前巩固I.Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 地铁运行是否正常对城市交通有很大的影响。(Whether)2. 无论是谁救了这个溺水的女孩都值得表扬。(worth)3. 这个罪犯是有罪的这一事实是人所共知的。(the fact)4. 虽已做好了足够的思想准备，但我们还是被他们所发现的东西着实吓了一跳。(astonish)5. 昨天他没来校的原因是他昨天生病了。(the reason)II. Choose the suitable word from that, whether (if), who, whoever, which, what, whatever, when, where, why, how, because to complete the sentences. 1. Mary lost her parents in a car crash last year. That is _ her boyfriend wants to keep the poor girl company during Christmas.2. _ he began to cough showed a sign of getting sick.3. _ the dog can tell things apart relies on _ well it smells.4. It is believed _ animals cant put _ they think into words.5. It is uncertain _ the old manager will give way to a young man for the moment.26. The fact _ digital techniques develop fast brings new life to the traditional industry.7. New York is _ headquarters of many international enterprises lie.8. The development of the city has surpassed _ we expected.9. It is reported _ many Africans are infected with AIDS because of poverty.10. The computer technology makes _ the housewives have to do much easier.11. The measure _ smoking is not acceptable in public benefits all the local residents.12. We dont know _ many people can be seated in the new hall.13. He is too shy to expose himself to _ a large audience can see him.14. Could you tell me _ do you think will go abroad on business instead of you?15. Students may lose interest in _ they think is boring.16. _ suffers from a bad cold stands a chance of death.17. Have you any idea _ the traditional education can meet the need of _ fast the society develops.18. _ occupation I should take up becomes a serious question since Im growing up.19. _ the teacher told him made a great impact on _ he did it.20. _ he is doing is just for fun.21. The painter came from _ Michelangelo once lived.22. It was difficult for us to imagine _ Michelangelo endured to finish the painting of the chapel.23. He turned down the task _ he should paint the ceiling of the chapel alone.24. It seems _ asking about others private affairs is improper in any situation.25. _ he may get upset when communicating with others tends to be no doubt.26. My boss is having a hard time with his son lately. Thats _ he always puts on a stiff face in public these days.27. My birthday falls on _ Chopin was born.28. They celebrated their sixth anniversary in _ they had met for the first time.29. Computer problems are growing, which is _ there are more and more hackers committing crimes.30. _ you will succeed has to connect with _ decision you make.III. Choose the best answer. 1. We were all very worried over the fact _ you were ill.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. about which2. The news _ Lincoln was murdered filled the American peoples hearts with deep sorrow.A. whichB. whenC. thatD. how3. This is _.A. how did they got to the cityB. what did they get to the cityC. how they got to the cityD. what they got to the city4. It looks _ its going to rain.A. thatB. asC. as ifD. that5. The reason for his success is _ he worked hard.A. whyB. thatC. becauseD. for6. The truth is _ he doesnt work hard enough.A. whyB. whatC. thatD. which7. Einsteins most famous theory is _ we call the Theory of Relativity.A. whatB. thatC. whichD. /8. To tell you the truth, this is _ in the world.A. which I haveB. that I haveC. what I haveD. whether I have9. China isnt _ she used to be.3A. thatB. whatC. whereD. how10. _ makes mistakes must correct them.A. WhatB. ThatC. WhoeverD. Whatever11. It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning grey.A. whileB. thatC. ifD. for12. Henry killed the dog. Ill ask him why _.A. did he do thatB. he did thatC. he didD. he has done so13. Have you seen Henry lately? My boss wants to know _.A. how he is getting alongB. how is he getting alongC. what he is getting alongD. what is he getting along14. It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants.A. howeverB. whateverC. whicheverD. whenever15. He asked me _ with me.A. what is the troubleB. what wrong wasC. what was the matterD. what trouble it is16. I am sure _ he said is true.A. thatB. about thatC. of thatD. that what17. _ is no reason for dismissing her.A. Because she was a few minutes lateB. Owing to a few minutes lateC. The fact that she was a few minutes lateD. Being a few minutes late18. Why the explosion occurred was _ the laboratory attendant had been careless.A. forB. becauseC. sinceD. that19. I dont doubt _ hell come.A. thatB. ifC. whatD. whether20. Could you tell me _ you have bought this fur coat?A. in whichB. for whomC. by whomD. through which21. We have plenty of books here. You may take _ you like most.A. whateverB. no matter whatC. whicheverD. no matter which22. It depends on _ we have enough time.A. ifB. weatherC. if or notD. whether23. I am not quite sure _ he will come or not.A. whenB. what timeC. weatherD. whether24. You have no idea _ for her safety.A. how anxious I have beenB. so anxious I have beenC. how I have been anxiousD. I have been so anxious25. Now we can see _ problem the population is.A. a what seriousB. such serious aC. how serious aD. so a serious26. I couldnt agree with _ at the meeting.A. that you saidB. all what you saidC. which you saidD. what you said27. _ you go or stay at home wont make any difference.A. IfB. WhenC. ThatD. Whether28. Is _ you told me really true?A. whatB. whichC. thatD. when29. Theres a feeling in me _ well never know what a UFO is not ever.A. thatB. whichC. of whichD. what30. Perseverance is a kind of quality and thats _ it takes to do anything well.A. whatB. thatC. whichD. why431. _ knowledge comes from practice is known to all.A. WhatB. WhereC. IfD. That32. _ is known to all that WTO stands for World Trade Organization.A. WhichB. WhatC. AsD. It33. Helen is a mere washer woman, yet shes now buying a big house. Yes. Because shes always saved _.A. what little she earnsB. how little she earnsC. for little she earnsD. with little she earns34. _ surprised me most was _ such a little boy of seven could play the violin so well.A. ThatwhatB. WhatthatC. ThatwhichD. Whatwhich35. She is pleased with what you have given him and _ you have told him.A. thatB. whichC. all whatD. all that36. This book will show you _ can be used in other contexts.A. how you have observedB. how what you have observedC. that you have observedD. how that you have observed37. Where do you think _?A. has he goneB. has he beenC. hes goneD. was he38. Do you know _?A. how many populations there are in the worldB. how much population there is in the worldC. how many the population of the world isD. what the population of the world is39. The subject (主语) of “What is interesting is that I do not even know him.” is _.A. whatB. interestingC. What is interestingD. I40. He didnt know which room _.A. they livedB. they lived inC. did they liveD. did they live in41. We know little about the young lady except _ you told me.A. whatB. howC. thatD. /42. We know little about the young lady except _ she is from Canada.A. whatB. howC. thatD. /43. Father made a promise _ I passed the examination he would buy me a new dictionary.A. thatB. ifC. whetherD. that if44. The reason _ she gave for her absence was _ the heavy snow prevented her coming.A. /becauseB. whybecauseC. /thatD. whywhether45. _ is the most useful invention?A. Do you think which of theseB. Which of these do you thinkC. Which of these you thinkD. You think which of these46. This is the nicest hotel _ I have ever stayed so far.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. /47. Its not yet clear _ of those will be chosen to do the job.A. thatB. whomC. whichD. whose48. The possibility _ the majority of the labor force will work at home is often discussed.A. whichB. /C. thatD. what49. He doesnt know _ is _ he was born.A. thatwhereB. thatwhatC. wherethatD. whatwhere50. _ is still a secret when the president will make a public speech.A. ThatB. HeC. WhatD. It51. These photographs will show you _.A. what our village looks likeB. what does our village look likeC. how our village looks likeD. how does our village look like552. I believe _ youve done your best and _ things will improve.A. that/B. /C. whatthatD. /that53. The city is no longer _.A. what it isB. what it is used to beC. which it wasD. what it used to be54. _ did he tell his wife _ he wished to do?A. ThatwhatB. WhatthatC. WherewhichD. Whichwhere55. Is this _ we met each other two years ago?A. placeB. place in whichC. whereD. place which56. It _ Bob drives badly.A. thinks thatB. is thought whatC. thought thatD. is thought that57. We all know the truth _ there are air, water and sunlight there are living things.A. whereB. whereverC. thatD. that wherever58. _ they dont like us is very clear.A. WhetherB. ThatC. WhatD. Where59. Has it been announced _ the planes are to take off?A. whenB. ifC. whichD. what60. I dont doubt _ he will come.A. thatB. ifC. weatherD. whether61. Little Tom got an “A” in the exam. _ hes been so happy these days.A. No wonderB. I wonder whyC. It is a wonderD. Because62. You will realize _ breaks the law will be punished.A. that those whoB. that those thatC. whoeverD. those whoever63. I misspelled a word here in the sentence. Well, thats _ you were mistaken.A. whyB. whatC. whereD. why64. _ is to do good all ones life and never do anything bad.A. Whichever is hardB. No matter what is hardC. What is hardD. All what is hard65. You cant imagine _ when they received these nice Christmas presents.A. how they were excited B. how excited they wereC. how excited were theyD. they were how excited66. _ the house will be built will be discussed at tomorrows meeting.A. IfB. WhereC. ThatD. What67. _ makes mistakes must correct them.A. WhoB. AnyoneC. WhoeverD. Anybody68. _ he does has nothing to do with me.A. WhateverB. No matter whatC. ThatD. If69. Energy is _ makes thing work.A. whatB. somethingC. anythingD. that70. Information has already been put forward _ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.A. whileB. thatC. whenD. as71. The doctor did a lot to reduce the patients fear _ he would die of the disease.A. thatB. whichC. of whichD. of that72. _ more countries can use natural energy in the future remains to be seen.A. WhetherB. ThisC. WhoD. If73. _ all the inventions have in common is _ they have succeeded.6A. WhatwhatB. ThatthatC. WhatthatD. Thatwhat74. Thinking _ you know _ in fact you dont is a terrible mistake.A. thatwhatB. whatwhatC. thatwhatD. whatthat75. _ she was invited to the ball made her very happy.A. WhatB. ThatC. WhenD. Because76. What were you trying to prove to the police? _ I was last night.A. ThatB. WhenC. WhereD. What77. After _ seemed like hours he came out with a bitter smile.A. whichB. itC. whatD. that78. The traditional view is _ we sleep because our brain id “programmed” to make us do so.A. whenB. whyC. whetherD. that79. Could I speak to _ is in charge of International Sales, please?A. anyoneB. someoneC. whoeverD. that80. It is none of your business _ other people think about you. Believe yourself!A. howB. whatC. whichD. when81. Choosing the right dictionary depends on _ you want to use it for.A. whatB. whyC. howD. whether82. _ parents say and do has a life-long effect on their children.A. ThatB. WhichC. WhatD. As83. By improving reading skills, you can read faster and understand more of _ you read.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. whether84. The seaside here draws a lot of tourists every summer. Warm sunshine and soft sands make _ it is.A. whatB. whichC. howD. where85. Why not try your luck downtown, Bob? Thats _ the best jobs are.A. whereB. whatC. whenD. why86. The question occurred to me _ we were to get the machines needed.A. thatB. whatC. whyD. where87. _ made the school proud was _ more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities.A. WhatbecauseB. WhatthatC. ThatwhatD. Thatbecause88. Is it true _ the rain stops, it will be as hot as in the summer here?A. whenB. wheneverC. that whenD. that89. The way he did it was different _ we were used to.A. in whichB. in whatC. from whatD. from which90. Do you have any idea _ is actually going on in the classroom?A. thatB. whatC. asD. which91. Its no longer a question now _ man can land on the moon.A. thatB. whichC. whetherD. what92. Some researchers believe that there is no doubt _ a cure for AIDS will be found.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. whether93. _ youll be able to succeed mainly depends on _ you do and _ you do it.A. IfwhatwhyB. WhetherhowwhyC. ThatwhetherhowD. Whetherwhathow94. I was surprised by her words, which made me recognize _ silly mistakes I had made.A. whatB. thatC. howD. which95. Water will continue to be _ it is today next in importance to oxygen.7A. howB. whichC. whatD. as96. The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at _ I thought was a dangerous speed.A. asB. whichC. whatD. that97. _ fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect.A. WhatB. ThatC. ThisD. Which98. _ a terrible storm would take place in Hainan.A. Word came whichB. Word came thatC. Word that cameD. Words came that99. It matters little _ a man dies, but _ matters much is _ he lives.A. howwhathowB. howithowC. whyitwhyD. thatwhatthat100. Those who were left alone in the cave knew better than the others _ sounds bats in the dark made.A. what frightenedB. how frightenedC. what frighteningD. how frightening专题训练4 1. They are teachers and dont realize _ to start and run a company.A. what takes itB. what they tookC. what it takesD. what takes them2. In order to encourage the workers to work hard, the manager decides to award _ produces the most in the factory.A. whoB. whomC. whomeverD. whoever3. On stepping into the office, the girl was frightened to find that the whole office was filled with _ looked like tiny worms.A. thatB. somethingC. whatD. anything4. _ Tom was worried about seemed clearly to the whole family.A. ThatB. WhichC. WhatD. How5. The teacher usually graded the students on _ they have done.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. how6. We never doubt _ our school team will win the match against No. 3 Mid-school.A. whetherB. thatC. ifD. what7. _ we can find from the following, the number of students dropping out is going down.A. WhatB. ItC. AsD. That8. Will you see to _ you brother is OK at home while we are out to work.A. this ifB. it thatC. it whetherD. that whether9. To those scientists, it still remains to be a question _ man can go back to the old days with time machine.A. ifB. thatC. howD. whether10. When woke up, he found he was standing on _ seemed to be a small piece of rock.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. it11. In one word, the hours _ the children spend in their one-way relationship with television people undoubtedly affect their relationships with real-life people.A. in whichB. whenC. whatD. that12. What about your test? I have answered all the questions, but not sure _ I could get a high enough score.A. whatB. ifC. whenD. why13. The treatment will continue until the patient reach