2016年6月四六级翻译终极预测.doc

2016年6月四六级翻译终极预测 一、 社会和经济类话题 1、大学生创业1随着大学生就业市场竞争越来越激烈，一些学生怀揣雄心抱负，开始尝试创业。With the competition in the job market becoming increasingly fierce for college graduates, some ambitious students have tried their hands at launching their own business.2历年来，有很多大学生创业成功的案例，这样的行为也应得到学校和全社会的鼓励。Over the years, there have been many successful cases of student entrepreneurship and such attempts should be encouraged by both the universities and the society at large. 3然而，不是所有的大学生毕业生都适合创业。However, not all college graduates are suitable for undertaking entrepreneurial projects. 4创业，需要有一个合理的商业理念；可行的商业计划；带领一个团队，来让成员为同一个目标而努力的领袖气质以及成熟的管理技能。 To launch a business, one needs to have a sound business idea, a viable business plan, the charisma to lead a team where members make concerted efforts for a common objective, as well as mature managerial skills. 2、创业创新 中国企业创新的步调日益加快，创新精神已从工业部门延展至高校甚至政府核心部门。创新被视为国内经济长期健康发展的关键因素，也是产品和理念拥有国际竞争力的源泉。中国政府对自主创新能力的重视使企业受益匪浅。中国的研发投入已取代日本位居全球第二。如今，国内优秀的创新企业正在转变人们对中国“世界工厂”的印象。在接下来的二十年，中国将努力从“中国制造”向“中国创造”转变。 参考译文： With the quickening pace of innovation in Chinas company, a new spirit of innovation is spreading across industrial sectors into universities and even the key departments of the Chinese government. Innovation is viewed as the critical factor to the domestic economys long-term health as well as the source of products and ideas that can compete internationally. Chinese companies have benefit a lot from the governments emphasis on indigenous innovation capability. In terms of spending on research and development, China has overtaken Japan and ranks in the second place around the world. Currently, the impression of “Global factory” has been transformed by the successful models of Chinese innovative companies. In the next two decades, China will move up with the value changing from “Made in China” to“Invented in China”. 3、电子商务 1 如今，电子商务是一个趋势，随着信息技术开始扮演重要角色，越来越多的企业选择了这种商务模式。2 电子商务在降低成本上有很多优点，其中一点是网络上广告的投放更便宜、更容易、信息能够得到快速交流，员工能够有效地着手处理他们的工作。3 虽然在面对电子商务时，留住顾客对实体店来说是一个挑战，但是业内专家表示，为了维持消费，线上和线下商户的互动和融合是至关重要的。 参考译文： 1. As the information technology begins to play a vital role, more and more companies chose this kind of commercial model which has become a trend nowadays. 2. The e-commerce has a lot of advantages on reducing the cost, and one is that the advertisement is cheaper and easier on the internet, what is more, the information can be exchanged quickly, and staff can deal with their works in an efficient way. 3. Although it is a challenge for physical shops to retain customers in the face of e-commerce, industry experts said interaction and integration between online and offline vendors are vital to sustain consumption. 4、消费升级/奢侈品消费 中国正在取代传统的欧美国家成为奢侈品消费(luxury goods consumption)的主力军，各类国际奢侈品牌也越发重视中国市场的地位。中国人在境外的奢侈品消费已连年位居世界第一。国外的奢侈品商店成为中国出境游旅客的必经之地，似乎不带几件奢侈品就不算真正出过国。长期以来，国际奢侈品品牌在国内的价格远高于国外，这就使得有奢侈品消费需求的中国人转向国外市场购买。各种税务，以及流通费用和经销费用的叠加是导致最终售价居高不下的主要原因。 参考译文： China is gradually replacing the traditional European and American countries to become the main force of luxury goods consumption. The international luxury brands have also paid more attention to Chinese market. Chinese people have spent the most on luxury goods overseas for several successive years. Various luxury stores in the United States and Europe have become must-visit places for Chinese tourists travelling overseas, and it seems that one has not truly been abroad until he or she buys several luxury goods. The international luxury brands have long set much higher prices for their products in China than in many other countries, forcing Chinese luxury consumers to turn their eyes to foreign markets. The accumulation of taxes, distribution costs and marketing costs are the main reasons pushing up the final sales prices. 5、空巢老人 1当子女外出求学或打工，父母就只能留守“空巢”，这就是所谓的空巢家庭。2在一些大中城市，空巢家庭的比例在 20%到 30%之间，而一些小城镇的比例则高达 40%。3家庭结构的变迁以及敬老院的数量相对不足都是空巢老人人数增加的原因。 4空巢老人常要面临一系列挑战，包括调节与子女的关系，充实空闲生活，加强与外界交流，甚至还要面对他人的不理解。 参考译文： 1. As young people leave home for college or to start their careers, their parents are left to live on their own. These are sometimes called empty-nest families. 2. In big and middle-sized cities, empty-nest families account for 20 to 30 percent, and in small towns, the percentage is as high as 40 percent. 3. The change in family structure, improvement in living conditions and a lack of nursing homes all contribute to the rise in number of empty nesters.4. Empty nest parents often face new challenges, such as establishing a new kind of relationship with their children, finding other ways to occupy their free time, reconnecting with each other, and a lack of sympathy from other people. 6、留守儿童 1中国经济的快速发展，带来了贫富差距的问题，成千上万的工人从农村来到了城市。2这就使得大量的孩子留在农村，交由亲属照顾。3根据政府发布的报告显示，中国有将近 6100万农村留守儿童，占了所有农村孩子的 37.7%。4报告指出，比起有父母监护的儿童，农村留守儿童的生活质量，身心健康水平较为低下，生活环境也比较恶劣。 参考译文： Rapid economic development throughout the China has caused a gap between the rich and poor , that has forced millions of workers to migrate from the rural areas to the cities. This has created lots of children left-behind in the rural areas under the care of relatives. According to a report released by the government, there are about 61 million rural left-behind children in China, accounting for 37.7 percent of all rural children. The report pointed out that left-behind children suffer poorer life quality, physical and psychological health, and living environments than children who live under the guardianship of their parents. 7、手机依赖 1手机是我们生活不可或缺的一部分。 2这个小玩意儿的便利使得它成为世界上增长最快的技术产品，它从一个 80 年代的奢侈品，成为 21 世纪的必备品。3但是我们变得依赖手机，甚至觉得，没有手机我们就活不下去。4 我们完全沉迷在短信、电话、与那些离我们很远的人的交流中，却忽视了就在我们眼前的人。5 许多青少年和年轻人疏远了那些爱他们的人，因为他们忙于创建和维护网络上的友谊。 参考译文： 1. Cell phones are an integral part of our life today. 2. The convenience of this little gadget is what makes it the worlds fastest growing technological device, going from a luxury in the 1980s to a must-have in the 21st century. 3. But we have become dependent on them to the point that we feel that we cannot live without them. 4. We get so addicted to texting, calling and communicating with those who are far away that we neglect the ones who are right in front of us. 5. Many teens and young adults grow distant from those who love them because they are consumed with creating and maintaining cyber friendships. 8、人口老龄化 1大众传媒和公众都关注到了人口老龄化的带来的负面影响。2首先，因为要养家，所以人口老龄化给年轻人带来了负担。3 其次，因为老年人越来越多，人口老龄化给社保体系带来了极大的压力。4 综上，人口老龄化给国家带来了负面影响，包括政治稳定和经济稳定方面，因为我们没有那么多的年轻人来为国效力。5 在此背景下，政府应该制定政策来允许那些父母是独生子女的家庭拥有两个孩子。6其次，政府应该支持和制定社保体系。 参考译文： 1. The mass media and general public have focused on the negative effects bought by aging population. 2. For one thing, aging of population brings heavy burden on young people because they have to raise the whole family. 3. For another, aging of population put a great pressure on social security system for the growing number of old people. Above all, population aging negatively impacts on our country, including political and economic stability, because we dont have enough young people to work for the country. 4. In this context, the government should make some policies to allow some families to get two children if the parents are both only child.5. Secondly, the social security system has to be supported and formed by the government. 9、志愿者 现今中国有数百万青年志愿者，他们在应对挑战和推动变革中有着不可低估的潜力。成为志愿者不仅使他们有机会获得宝贵的生活和就业技能，而且还能提升他们在各自社区乃至全球范围的带头作用和参与能力。当每个人的努力汇集在一起，就能成为实现和平与发展的一股重要力量。志愿者服务其实是双向互利的。当志愿者的帮助使他人产生积极变化时，他们自己的生活也常因为志愿服务本身而发生转变。 参考译文： There are millions of young volunteers in China today, with incredible potential to tackle challenges and act as pioneers of change. The opportunity of volunteers not only provides them with valuable life and job skills but also strengthens their capacity to lead and become engaged in their communities and even global society. The combined efforts of individuals can be a significant force for achieving peace and development. Volunteerism is in fact a two-way benefit. As volunteers help generate positive change for others, their own lives are often transformed by the act of volunteering itself. 二、 教育类话题 1、留学热 1近年来，中国学生出国留学已经成为一种趋势。2现代社会，由于全球化、经济和高科技的发展，出国似乎比以往任何时候都要容易。3出国留学的现象对于学生和目标国家来说都是有益的。4一方面，学生在一个完全不同的环境被迫去适应不同的文化，寻找更好的学习方法,由此学习独立自主的能力。 5另一方面，目标国家也因其留学项目而获得经济利益。 6然而，对于是否真有必要让这么多学生都出国留学，学生和家长都该对此持理性的态度。 参考译文： 1. In recent years, Chinese students studying in a foreign country has become a tendency in the world. 2. In modern society, being abroad seems much easier than ever before with the help of globalization, economy and advanced technology. 3. This phenomenon could benefits both students and target countries. 4. On one hand, the students who are exposed to a totally different environment are imposed to immerse themselves in that different culture, and explore better study method , thus learn to be independent.5. On the other hand, due to its study-abroad programs, the target country can acquire economic interests. 6. But is it really necessary for so many students to go abroad to study？Both students and parents should have a rational attitude towards this phenomenon of craze for studying abroad. 2、考公热 1国家考试自古以来就存在，它可以追溯到唐朝时期，那时国家考试被称为科举考试。2虽然时代已经改变，但人们成为官员的愿望却越来越强烈。3通常意义上，国家公务员享有着较高的社会地位、权利与声望，意味着稳定的收入，令人羡慕的医疗、养老金计划及其他方面的舒适生活。4特别是在这个经济发展不景气的时代，公务员对于很多人来说是一个很有吸引力的职业。5这股热潮在未来几年里还会持续下去。 参考译文: Country examination was always there, and it could be dated from the Tang dynasty when it was called Imperial examination. Although the times have changed, the wish to be an official is becoming stronger. Generally, civil servant can enjoy a higher social status, greater power and prestige and means a stable income, enviable healthcare and pension programme, as well as other comforts of life. Its quite an appealing career option to many people, especially in this age of sluggish economy. This craze in civil servant test will continue in the following years. 3、汉语教育 1随着孔子学院受到越来越多国家的欢迎，新一轮的汉语热在世界各地兴起。 2中国悠久的传统文化，日益繁荣的经济，都促使更多人热衷于汉语学习。3 很多中学和高校都把中文列入课程中，有时甚至忽略了其他一些语言的学习。4 而这些学校的入学人数也持续上升。尽管每个人的学习动机不同，但许多人都希望通过学习汉语保持他们在职场中的竞争优势。5 汉语教学并非近年来才兴起，在过去 10 年里，对外汉语发展迅速。6孔子学院不仅为外国学生提供了学习汉语的场所，更为各国人民的相互了解提供了平台。 参考译文： The booming of Confucius Institutes in many countries shows there is a constant rise of the worldwide fervor in learning Chinese. Chinas rich culture and blossoming economy are driving their interest to learn the language. A growing number of schools and universities have added Chinese to their curriculum, sometimes at the expense of other languages. The enrollment in such schools offering the Chinese courses has also been steadily climbing. Though the motivations may vary a lot, many learn the Chinese to get competitive in their careers. Actually, teaching of Chinese is not a recent phenomenon. The undertaking of teaching Chinese as a foreign language has developed rapidly in the past decade. The Confucius Institutes has not only offered a place for foreigners to learn Chinese, but also serves as a platform to help people understand each other. 4、英语学习 中国对英语的重视已经成为一个特殊的社会现象。中国是当今世界出国留学人数最多的国家，仅 2012 年就达到四百万。此外，还是少数几个母语为非英语，却把英语列为中高等教育必修课的国家之一。为学好英语，学生和家长不惜花费大量时间和金钱，但对应试的过分强调却使得学生难以和外国人进行顺畅交流。最近的英语考试改革引发了教育者和家长的热议。有人认为此举是对英语教育方式的改变，并不会降低英语教育的重要性。也有观点提出学校应当加强对中文学习的重视，因为这不仅凸显了本国文化的重要性，更是民族自豪感的体现。 参考译文： Chinas obsession with English is quite a unique phenomenon. Today, China is the largest exporter of students with the total number of four million in 2012 .Besides, it is one of the few non-English-speaking countries that make English a compulsory subject throughout secondary and higher education. Parents and students have poured vast amounts of time and money into studying English. Yet, with a strong emphasis placed on exam passing, students fail to communicate smoothly with native English speakers. The recent English test reform has aroused a heated discussion among educators and parents. Some argue that it would change the way that English is taught without diminishing its importance. Another point of view is that heavier focus should be placed on the study of Chinese in schools as it carries with it not only cultural significance but also a sense of national pride. 三、 文化类话题 1、 酒文化 1中国人在7000年以前就开始用谷物酿酒。2总的来说，不管是古代还是现代，酒都和中国文化息息相关。3长久以来，中国的酒文化在人们生活中扮演着重要的角色。4我们的祖先在写诗时以酒助兴，在宴会中和亲朋好友敬酒。5 作为一种文化，酒文化也是普通百姓生活中不可分割的部分，比如生日宴会、送别晚宴、婚礼庆典等很多场合中，随处可见酒的身影。 参考译文： Chinese people began to make spirits with grains seven thousand years ago. Generally speaking，wine has a close connection with culture in China in both ancient and modern times. Chinese wine culture has been playing a quite important role in Chinese peoples life for a long time. Our Chinese ancestors used wine to enjoy themselves while writing poetry, or to make a toast to their relatives and friends during a feast. Wine culture, as a kind of culture form, is also an inseparable part in the life of ordinary Chinese people through numerous events such as birthday party, farewell dinner, wedding, etc. 2、 唐诗 1唐代，是中国古典诗歌的全盛时期，在不到 300 年的时间里，产生了许多著名的诗人和诗作。 2清朝时编辑的全唐诗 (Poems of the Tang Dynasty)收录了 2200 多位诗人创作的 48900多首诗歌。3这些诗歌让人们深入了解到当时社会生活的各个方面。4中国人很喜欢唐诗，就连小孩子也能背出几首，如李白的静夜思(Thoughts in the Silent Night)，杜甫的春夜喜雨 (Good Rain on a Spring Night)等等。 5唐诗不仅在中国古代文学史上留下了最光辉的一页，而且也是人类历史文化中的一个奇迹。 参考译文： The Tang Dynasty witnessed the peak of Chinese ancient poetry, with many renowned poets and famous works appearing over a period of less than 300 years. Poems of the Tang Dynasty edited during the Qing Dynasty has collected more than 48,900 poems written by over 2,200 poets. These poems provide an insight into all aspects of the social life of the period. Chinese people are very fond of Tang poetry, and even children can recite some from memory, such as Thoughts in the Silent Night by Li Bai, Good Rain on a Spring Night by Du Fu, etc.Tang poetry not only serves as a most brilliant page in the history of ancient Chinese literature, but is also a miracle in the history of culture of mankind. 3、 京剧 1京剧是中国的一种传统艺术。2它是中国戏曲的一种，起源于 1790 年四大徽班（Four Great Anhui Troupes）入京表演的时候，发展于 19 世纪中期，到清朝达到全盛阶段。3京剧被看成是中国文化艺术的瑰宝。 4虽然它被称为京剧，但是它的起源地却是中国的安徽省和湖北省。5京剧先是一种宫廷表演艺术，而后才慢慢普及到民间。6在数百年前，京剧作为一种新的戏曲形式，无论在哪里进行表演，都饱受欢迎。7 而在现代社会中，京剧等传统戏曲却不大能被年轻人接受，面临着巨大的生存危机。 参考译文： Peking opera is a traditional art in China. It is a kind of Chinese opera which was born when the Four Great Anhui Troupes came to Beijing in 1790, arose in the mid-19th century and was extremely popular in the Qing Dynasty. Peking opera is widely regarded as one of the cultural treasures of China. Although it is called Beijing opera, its origins are in the Chinese provinces of Anhui and Hubei. Beijing opera was originally staged for the court and came into the public later. Hundreds of years ago, as a new style of drama, wherever they have been performed, they would be warmly welcomed. Unfortunately, in the modern world, traditional operas including Peking Opera have to face the existential crisis, because they are not easily accepted by younger generations. 4、 中国武术 1中国武术拥有悠久的历史，在中国广为流行。2中国美学提倡刚柔并济，受此影响，中国武术形成了自己的审美标准。3现在很多人习武是为了健康、娱乐和竞技。4为了更好地传承这一古老的运动，全国各地有很多的武术俱乐部和协会。5自1980年起，一大批武术专业的毕业生被分配到学校里教授武术。6现在很多专家把搏斗技巧和健康结合到一起，试着将武术变为一项科学的运动。7他们希望有一天，武术可以作为一项赛事纳入奥运会中。 参考译文： Chinese martial arts enjoy a long history and great popularity in China. Influenced by ancient Chinese aesthetics which advocated a balance between hardness and softness, Chinese martial arts have formed their own aesthetic standards. Today, many people practice it to pursue health, entertainment and competition. In order to inherit the ancient art, many martial arts clubs and associations have been established across China. Since 1980, a large number of graduates majoring in martial arts have been assigned to teach martial arts in schools. Many specialists today are tying to turn martial arts into a scientific sport by combining fighting skills with health. They hope that one day martial arts will become a sport event at the Olympic Games. 5、 元宵节 1早在汉朝，中国人就开始隆重地庆祝元宵节。2作为中国最重要的传统节日之一，元宵节是农历的正月十五，被认为是家人团圆的好日子。3 元宵是农历新年里的第一个月圆之夜，代表着春天的来临。4 它也被认为是春节的最后一天，换句话说，只有过完元宵节，春节也才算结束。5在元宵节这天吃的传统点心叫做“元宵”或者通常所说的“汤圆”。6通过这个名字我们就可以明白它含有家庭团聚和快乐的意义。7 随着时间的变化，元宵节活动越来越多，如观灯会、猜灯谜、舞龙灯、舞狮等等。8直到今天，每年全国各地都会庆祝元宵佳节。 参考译文： As early as the Han Dynasty, Chinese people began to celebrate the Lantern Festival in a big way. As one the most important traditional festivals, the Lantern Festival falls on on January 15 of Chinese lunar calendar, and is regarded as a good day for family gather-together. It is the first full moon night in the Chinese lunar year, symbolizing the coming of the spring. Lantern Festival may be regarded as the last day of Spring Festival, in other words, the Spring Festival does not end until the Lantern Festival has passed. The traditional dim sum eaten on Lantern Festival is called “yuanxiao” or commonly called “tangyuan”. A meaning of family reunion and happiness may be felt even only from such name. As time goes by, the Lantern Festival has enjoyed more and more celebrating activities, such as watching lanterns, guessing lantern riddles, playing dragon lantern, Lion Dancing, etc. Till today, the lantern festival is still held each year around the country. 6、 长城 1长城，作为中国的象征之一，不仅是中国的奇迹，也是整个世界的奇迹。2它始建于春秋战国时期，秦始皇统一中国后，连结了各段长城以抵御外敌入侵。3 现存的长城遗迹主要为建于 14 世纪的明长城。4长城有着两千多年的历史，于 1987 年被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产。5现如今，长城仍是世界上最受欢迎的景点之一。 参考译文： As one of the symbols of China, the Great Wall is a wonder not only to China but to the whole world as well. The Great Wall was first built in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. After the unification of China, the first Emperor of Qin linked up different sections of the walls to prevent invasions of the enemies. The present preserved Great Wall of China is the major parts built in the 14th century, called Ming Great Wall. With a long history of more than 2,000 ye