北师大版必修四Unit 12 culture shock communication workshop学案.docx

unit 12 culture shock communication workshop学案grammar动词-ing形式（二）前面我们学习了动词-ing形式在句中起名词作用，作主语、表语、定语和宾语的用法，本期我们将学习动词-ing形式在句中起形容词或副词作用，作定语、状语、表语和宾语补足语的用法。一、动词-ing形式作定语单个的动词-ing形式作定语常位于被修饰名词的前面，表示被修饰名词的动作或状态。如：there is growing concern about climate change.we heard the crash of falling trees.动词-ing形式短语作后置定语，其作用相当于一个定语从句。如：a little child learning to walk (= who / that is learning to walk) often falls.her sons, both working abroad (= who both work / are both working abroad), ring her every week.动词-ing形式的被动式（being done）也可作定语，表示正在发生的被动动作。如：the building being built is our library. 二、动词-ing形式作状语动词-ing形式作状语可表示时间、条件、原因、结果、方式、让步或伴随情况等，其逻辑主语通常与句子的主语一致。如：walking along the street one day, jane saw a little girl running up to her.you will make yourself more tired, keeping on your feet.being a hard-working young man, he is praised by all his fellow workers.it rained heavily, causing severe flooding in that area.he came running all the way to tell us the news.knowing all this, they still insisted on my paying for the damage.the old man was fast asleep, holding a book in his hand.动词-ing形式的完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。如：having eaten too much, he couldnt go to sleep that night.having been told many times, he still couldnt understand it.动词-ing形式作状语，其前往往可以加when, while, if, unless, once, though, as if等连词，构成“连词+动词-ing形式”结构。如：john hurt his leg while playing football.the woman stopped for a while as if waiting for a reply.三、动词-ing形式作表语，相当于形容词，多指主语的性质。如：the news looks quite encouraging. travelling is interesting but tiring. 四、动词-ing形式作宾语补足语动词-ing形式用在hear, see, smell, feel, watch, find, notice, observe等表示感觉的动词后作宾语补足语时，表示宾语的动作与谓语的动作同时发生。如：listen! do you hear someone calling for help?we can see steam rising from the wet clothes.动词-ing形式用在leave, have, keep, get, set等动词后作宾语补足语时，表示使宾语处于某种状态。如：kates sudden disappearance left us all wondering what was going to happen.im sorry to keep you waiting i got stuck in traffic.动词-ing形式也可作介词的宾语补足语。如：i cant do my homework with all this noise going on.with a native villager acting as our guide, we had no trouble getting around.【即学即练】i. 用动词-ing形式改写下面句子，使句子意思不变。1. they had few communication chances because they lived in the country._2. if other things are equal, i would buy the black dress._3. you can hear that ellen is singing as she ran upstairs._ii. 根据所给的汉语提示用动词-ing形式（短语）补全下面句子（每空一词）。1. 写完一封重要的信之后，我听了一会儿音乐。_ _ _ _ _, i listened to music for a while.2. 由于住得离学校远，我每天早晨只好早起。_ _ _ _ _, i have to get up early every morning.3. 在这所中学工作的大多数年轻教师都是硕士。 most of the young teachers _ _ _ _ _ are masters. 4. 那部电影很感人。 the film is _ _. 5. 正在讨论的问题是非常重要的。 the question _ _ is of great importance. 6. 鲍勃让机器一直不停地运转了十个小时。 bob kept the machine _ _ _ _. iii. 用括号内动词的正确形式填空。my ideal (理想的) reading room is really fantastic. it will be near the school library. 1. _ (study) the whole day, the students can come here 2. _ (read) books. inside the reading room, we can see two bookshelves full of interesting books or magazines 3. _ (stand) against the walls. and there will be a vending machine (自动售货机) placed in the corner, 4. _ (serve) different kinds of drinks. 5. _ (sit) in the comfortable chairs, we can enjoy the stories or news while 6. _ (drink) some coffee or chocolate. when 7. _ (feel) tired from reading, students can relax in the sofa area equipped with two comfortable sofas and a tv with headsets (耳机).参考答案i. 1. living in the country, they had few communication chances.2. other things being equal, i would buy the black dress.3. you can hear ellen singing as she ran upstairs.ii. 1. having written an important letter 2. living far from the school 3.