An Essential AtoZ of Business Law.doc

vocabulary Aabide by 遵守to obey an order or ruleabstain 放弃 abstention 弃权to refrain from doing something, not to do it, especially votingacceptance 承诺；收受one of the required elements of a contract where one party agrees to what is offered by the other party. The acceptance must be on the same terms as the offer.accrue （权利）产生（或赋予） accrualto accumulate something over a period of time. Usually used to describe interest on a debt or on savings.act of god 不可抗力a natural disaster that no one could predict such as a hurricane or a flood. It can prevent a contract from being carried out.adjourn 延期再审to stop a meeting or a court hearing for a break, or to postpone a legal hearing until another date in the future.advance 预付款；预付a) to give someone money before they should receive it, such as part of their salary. b) the name given to the money itself. c) the name given to the money paid as a loan under a loan agreement.allege 宣传to state that something has happened or that something is true even though it has noe yet been proved.arbitration 仲裁the settling of a dispute by a third party who may or may not be named in an arbitration clause of a contract. Both parties agree to this third party and agree to his/her decision.arrears 应付欠款；拖欠money that is owed to someone but has not been paid on the agreed date.articles of association 公司章程 bylawsthe document that specifies the way in which a company regulates its affairs. It deals with things such as the appointment of company or the rights of shareholders. In the USA they are called the bylaws.assign 授权；转让to give or to transfer the ownership of somethingauditor 审计员 audita person who closely examines the finances of a company, especially the company books and accounts.award 判决，裁定；裁定额a) to decide in an official capacity the amount of money that should be given to someone; b) the name given to the money itself.vocabulary Bban 禁令bankrupt 破产bear 承担beneficiary 受益人binding 有约束力的blacklist 黑名单；拉入黑名单board董事会boilerplate clause 格式条款bona fide 善意borrow 借breach 违背，违反breakdown 分类细账budget 预算burden of proof 举证责任vocabulary Ccapital 资金，资本charity 慈善机构 charitablecite 传讯；引用claimant 原告 plantiffclass action 共同诉讼compound interest 复利concur 一致同意consideration 对价（报酬）convene 召集；传唤conveyancing 产权转让及其证书制作业务copyright 版权，著作权covenant 契约；订立契约cover creditor 债权人vocabulary Ddamages 损害赔偿debenture 债券，债券证debtor 债务人deem 认为，视为defamation 诽谤default 违约；不履行；拖欠；缺席defective 有缺陷的determine 认定；终止detrimental 不利的discharge 免责；接触；撤销；和解disclose 揭露，披露dividend 股利draft 草案；起草due 应付款；应付的vocabulary Eeasement 地役权eligible 适当的emotional distress 精神损害enclosure 附件encumbrance 财产抵押权；妨害物entitle 授权evade 逃避，规避evict 没收excepted 除外excess 超额；免赔额exclusion clause 免责条款execute 执行；行使 to sign a contractexempt 豁免的；免除，免责expressly 明文规定地vocabulary Ffactor 因素；代理人factoring 保付代理fee 酬金fiduciary duty 诚信义务，信赖义务file 提出fine 罚款；罚金flexitime 弹性工作时间force majeure 不可抗力foreclose 取消抵押品赎回权foreseeable 可预见的forfeit 被没收franchise 经销权；专利权；公民权freezing order 冻结令furnish 提供vocabulary Ggarnishee 第三债务人gloss over 掩饰going concern 继续经营企业good faith 善意；诚实信用goods 商品；货物goodwill 信誉governing law 准据法(proper law)grant 授权grievance 申诉gross 总额grounds 根据，理由guarantee 担保，保证；保证书guarantor 担保人，保证人guidelines 指导方针vocabulary Hhandle 处理headquarters 总部heads of agreement 框架协议(暂定协议)hearing 听证；审讯hearsay evidence 传来证据；非直接证据heir 继承人high street bank 高街银行hire purchase 分期付款购买hive off 分出；脱离编制hold 控股；持有(判决)holding company 控股公司honour 承兑human resources 人力资源human rights 人权vocabulary Iillegal 违法的imply 暗示impose (强加)处以；征税income 收入incur 承担(招致，引发)indemnify 赔偿infringe 侵害；违反injunction 禁制令injured party 受害方insider dealing 内幕交易(股市)insolvent 无力偿还的。 insolvencyinstruct (任命)intellectual property 知识产权；著作权issue 发行；争点；问题vocabulary J/Kjoint account 共同账户joint and several 连带的joint tenancy 共有权joint venture 合资企业judgment in default 缺席判决judicial 司法的judiciary 司法制度jurisdiction 司法权jurisprudence 法学(法理学)；法律体系jury 陪审团juvenile 未成年人kickback 回扣kin 近亲属know-how 专有技术；技术秘密vocabulary Lland law 土地法(不动产法)landlord 房东lease 出租；租约legal personality 法人(法律人格)legislation 法律；立法let 出租(to let)liability 责任；负债licence 许可证；许可lien 留置权lieu 代替 in lieu of=instead ofliquidate 清算；偿付litigant 诉讼当事人loan 贷款lump sum 一次性付款vocabulary Mmalpractice 玩忽职守material 重要的；实质的maternity leave 产假maritime law 海商法mediate 调解memorandum of association 公司组织大纲；公司章程merge 合并minutes 会议记录misrepresentation 虚假陈述mitigate 减轻mortgage 房屋抵押贷款(协议)mortgagee 抵押权人mortgagor 抵押人(mortgager)motion (诉讼人向法院提出的)请求，申请；动议vocabulary Nnegligence 疏忽大意negotiable 可协商的net 净利network 建立关系网= =neutral 中立的no-win no-fee nominal (票面上的)nominee 候选人noncompetition clause 竞业禁止条款notary 公证人notice 告知，通知notify 公布，通知novation 合同变更nuisance 妨害行为vocabulary Ooath 誓言；宣誓occupiers liability 占有者责任offer 要约offset 抵销omission 疏忽；不作为onerous 负有法律责任的open-ended 无限制的option 期权out-of-court settlement 庭外和解out-of-pocket expenses 付现费用outsource 外包 outstanding 未偿付的overdraft 透支overtime 加班；加班费vocabulary Ppartnership 合伙party 当事人pass off 冒充patent 专利(权)perjury 伪证personal injury 人身损害petition 诉请，申请plaintiff 原告portfolio power of attorney 委托书precedent 判例premises 经营场所proceedings 诉讼pursuant to 依据vocabulary Q/Rquantum 量quarter 三个月quorum 法定人数receipt 契据，收据receivership 破产接收；接管制度recitals (契约中)陈述事实部分recover 取回；获得；胜诉redemption date 偿还日redundant 多余的reimburse 报销；偿还remedy 补救；赔偿retire 退休revoke 撤回，撤销royalty 专利费(权利金)vocabulary Ssalary 工资schedule 附件seek 寻找serve 送达(传票)；向送交(令状等)set forth 陈述；解释settle 达成和解；支付贷款、账单；转让，赠与(财产等)severability clause 合同中止条款share 股份specific performance 强制履行；实际履行statute 成文法subcontract 分包合同；分包(转包)subsidiary 子公司substandard 不合格的;(食品 饮料及药品等)低于法定标准而未标明的sue 控告，起诉vocabulary Ttakeover bid 购并出价；要约收购tax deductible 可扣除的税款tax loophole 税法漏洞；漏税tenant 承租人tender 招标(要约邀请)termination clause 终止条款testify 作证trade union 工会trademark 商标transaction 交易trespass 非法侵害；非法侵入死宅trial 审判，庭审tribunal 法庭trust 信托；信赖vocabulary Uunanimous 全体一致的unconditional 无条件的undermentioned 下述的undersigned 在下面签名的undertaking 保证义务；责任承担(承诺)