北师大版选修七Unit 21 Human Biology Lesson 3 Epidemics Explained学案.docx

unit 21 human biology lesson 3 epidemics explained学案.重点单词1. vt.重建2. n.试验；试用；审判3. vt.禁止 n.禁止；禁令4. vt.联合；团结；统一5. n.停顿；暂停6. n.统计资料；统计数字7. n.症状8. n.常规；惯例9. n.新闻界；报界；vt.压；按；紧握；逼迫10. n.变化；变种11. vt.预见12. vi.&vt.感到悲痛；表示哀悼13. vt.表明重要性；强调14. adj.彻底的；细致的15. n.协作；配合16. n.信心；信任；信仰；诚意；善意 adj.忠实的；忠诚的；如实的；可信任的 adv.准确地；如实地；仔细地；忠实地；忠诚地.重点短语1. 彻底毁灭；彻底消灭2. 达到(某数量、程度等)3. 死于(疾病、过度悲伤等)4. 记录在案的 5. (使)扫过/掠过/迅速传遍于6. 对做试验7. 而不是8. 缺乏，缺少9. 对有害10. 导致11. 终止；消灭12. 漏掉，忘掉.重点句式1.现在完成进行时since the sars epidemic ended，scientists (do) trials on treatments to prohibit any future outbreaks.自从“非典”疫情结束后，科学家们就已经着手做治疗实验以防止将来再次爆发。2.sth.be believed to have done.having killed up to 50 million people in 18 months，with a tendency to strike the young and fit rather than the old，the spanish flu the most acute epidemic in history.西班牙流感在18个月的时间里就杀死了5 000万人，它有传染年轻人和身体健康的人而不是老年人的倾向，因此西班牙流感被认为是人类历史上最严重的传染病。3.leave宾语宾补it struck near the end of the first world war and left families (mourn) worldwide.它爆发于第一次世界大战接近尾声时，使全球的家庭陷入了一片哀声之中。.根据课文内容判断正(t)、误(f)1.flu kills millions of people every year.()2.most diseases are very new.()3.epidemics have affected historical events.()4.it takes years for a disease to spread worldwide.()5.epidemics can wipe out up to half of the population in urban areas.().课文阅读理解1.why is it important to look at the spread of diseases through the history?a.because it can enlarge our knowledge.b.because many epidemics could be the next global epidemics.c.because people are curious about the history of epidemics.d.because it can help us discover the causes and effects of epidemics，and foresee and prevent them in the future.2.which of the following is one of the earliest epidemics on record?a.the black death.b.the epidemic which happened about 500550 ad and swept through north africa, the middle east and europe.c.the spanish flu.d.sars.3.which of the following is one of the main causes of the fall of the roman empire according to the passage?a.up to 50% of the areas population died of a serious epidemic.b.the king of the roman empire died.c.the economy of the roman empire had fallen down.d.other countries invaded the roman empire.4.which of the following is not the condition for “the black death” to spread worldwide?a.war.b.crowded cities.c.a lack of basic health routines.d.food.5.what kind of people did the spanish flu strike most?a.women. b.the young and fit.c.the old. d.the weak.重点词汇1.epidemics can wipe out up to half of the population in urban areas.传染病能够彻底毁灭城市一半的人口。归纳拓展wipe out彻底毁灭；彻底消灭wipe sth.away/off/up抹掉；擦干净wipe sth.from/off sp.从某处擦掉某物语境助记(1)the whole village was wiped out by the earthquake.地震把整个村庄摧毁了。(2)use that cloth to wipe up/off/away the mess.用那块布把脏东西擦掉。(3)i hope youll wipe that thought from/off your mind.我希望你打消那个念头。题组训练用适当的介、副词填空(1)doctors are searching for a cure that will wipe cancer.(2)she wiped the sweat her face a piece of facial tissue.(3)how could i be able to hold my kids，wipe their tears，and share their dreams?2.since the sars epidemic ended，scientists have been doing trials on treatments to prohibit any future outbreaks.自从“非典”疫情结束后，科学家们就已经着手做治疗实验以防止将来再次爆发。归纳拓展1trial n.试验；试用；审判do trials on对做试验on trial在试验中be on/go on/stand trial for.因受审bring sb.to trial将某人付诸审判come/go to trial开庭审理语境助记1(1)we had the machine on trial for a week.这台机器我们试用了一个星期。(2)she will be on/go on/stand trial for fraud.她因涉嫌诈骗将受到审判。(3)the men were arrested but not brought to trial.这些人已被逮捕但并未送交法院审判。题组训练1用适当的介词填空(1)the new kind of machine is trial and it wont be long before it is put into use.(2)the case never came trial.(3)he is on trial murder.归纳拓展2(1)prohibit vt.禁止prohibit doing sth.禁止做某事prohibit sb.from doing sth.禁止某人做某事(2)prohibition n.禁止；禁令prohibition against.的禁令语境助记2(1)in 1897, the state of michigan passed a law prohibiting the killing of passenger pigeons.在1897年，密歇根州通过了禁止屠杀旅鸽的法律。(2)traffic regulations prohibit people from riding bicycles on the sidewalks.交通规则禁止在人行道上骑自行车。(3)the prohibition against drunken driving will save many lives.禁止酒后开车将会挽救许多人的生命。联想归纳表示“禁止/阻止某人做某事”的其他表达法： 题组训练2(1)单句语法填空the environmental group is demanding a complete prohibition the hunting of whales.a few schools have adopted policies that prohibit (share) student contact information.(2)单句改错the law prohibits tobacconists selling cigarettes to children.3.the conditions in much of asia and europewar，crowded cities and a lack of basic health routinesprovided the perfect conditions for the disease to spread worldwide.当时亚洲和欧洲的大部分地区都陷于这样的状况战争频发，城市拥挤不堪，缺乏基本的健康体系，这种状况促进了瘟疫在全球范围内的蔓延。归纳拓展routine n.常规，惯例break/follow the routine 打破/遵守常规daily routine 日常生活as a matter of routine 定期a break from routine 摆脱刻板的生活语境助记(1)she doesnt do it according to routine.她没按常规做这件事。(2)a creative man will never follow the routine.勇于创新的人永远不会墨守成规。 题组训练完成句子(1)她需要摆脱一下刻板的生活。she needed a .(2)让锻炼成为你日常生活的一部分。make exercise a part of your .(3)我们定期清洗和修理机器。we clean and repair the machine .4.it is important to look at the spread of diseases throughout history to discover the causes and effects of epidemics, and hopefully, foresee and prevent them in the future.我们有必要回顾一下历史上疾病的传播情况，从而弄清楚流行病的起因和后果，并且希望将来能够预见并阻止它们的发生。归纳拓展(1)foresee vt.预见(2)foresight n.先见，远见；预见(3)foreseeable adj.可预知的；能预测的注意：foresee的过去式为foresaw，过去分词为foreseen。语境助记(1)i dont foresee any difficulties so long as we keep within budget.只要我们不超出预算，我看不出会有什么困难。(2)he had the foresight to invest his money carefully.他深谋远虑，投资谨慎。题组训练(1)用foresee的正确形式填空he that prices would drop next year.the statue will remain in the museum for the future.(2)完成句子他从没预想过有一天他的书会卖掉几百万本。he that one day his books would sell in millions.5.with all the international effort being made，we have to have faith that there will be solutions in time to stop a bird flu epidemic in its tracks.随着国际间的共同努力，我们应该相信人们会及时找到解决方案来彻底消灭禽流感。归纳拓展1(1)faith n.信心；信任；信仰；诚意；善意have faith in sb.信任某人，对某人有信心lose faith in对失去信心，不再相信in good faith真诚地；善意地；诚心诚意地(2)faithful adj.忠实的；忠诚的；如实的；可信任的be faithful to忠实于，忠诚于(3)faithfully adv.准确地；如实地；仔细地；忠实地；忠诚地语境助记1(1)i have great faith in youi know youll do it well.我对你很有信心我知道你会干好的。(2)the public has completely lost faith in the government.公众对政府已完全失去了信心。(3)the woman who sold me the car claimed she had acted in good faith.那个卖给我汽车的女人声称她是真心实意出售的。题组训练1单句语法填空(1)the lovers promised to be (faith) forever.(2)i have faith well find a good solution to the problem.(3)he always performs his duties (faith).(4)the dog remained faithful his master.归纳拓展2stop sth.in its tracks终止；消灭stop sb.in sb.s tracks (由于恐惧或吃惊)某人突然止步或怔住be on track稳步前进；做法对头keep/lose track of.了解/不了解的动态；保持/失去联系语境助记2(1)this famous sportsmans career was stopped in its tracks because of his doping drugs.因为服用违禁药品，那位著名的体育运动员被终止了运动生涯。(2)what happened then?the noise stopped me in my tracks.后来呢？那声音突然使我怔住了。题组训练2(1)完成句子柯蒂斯正踏上夺取金牌之途。curtis for the gold medal.银行账单有助于你了解你的资金使用情况。bank statements help you where your money is going.(2)单句改错fay stopped on her tracks and pointed at the house.经典句式1.having killed up to 50 million people in 18 months，with a tendency to strike the young and fit rather than the old，the spanish flu is believed to have been the most acute epidemic in history.西班牙流感在18个月的时间里就杀死了5 000万人，它有传染年轻人和身体健康的人而不是老年人的倾向，因此西班牙流感被认为是人类历史上最严重的传染病。归纳拓展(1).be believed to be.为固定句式，意为“被认为是”。(2)该句式也适用于以下动词：say/think/expect/suppose/consider，该句式中的不定式可根据句子的时态用以下几种不同的形式：to do/be，to be done，to have done，to have been done等。(3)该句式还可以转化为it is/was believed/said/thought/expected/.that从句。注意：its suggested/required/demanded that从句中，that从句要用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用should 动词原形，should可以省略。语境助记(1)it is considered to be a great honor.它被认为是一种莫大的荣誉。(2)the banks are widely believed to be planning a cut in interest rates.人们普遍认为银行正在计划降低利率。(3)it is believed that almost all sudden deaths are caused by damage to the heart.人们认为大多数的突发死亡都是由心脏受损引起的。题组训练(1)用所给动词的正确形式填空he is said (leave) the stage already as he has become an official.he is often thought (help) the people in need.(2)句型转换they are believed to have left london two years ago. they left london two years ago.2.it struck near the end of the first world war and left families mourning worldwide.它爆发于第一次世界大战接近尾声时，使全球的家庭陷入了一片哀声之中。归纳拓展本句中使用了“leave宾语宾补”的结构，其常见句式结构为：(1)leave宾语形容词/副词/介宾短语，表示“使处于某种状态”。(2)leave宾语名词，多表示一种结果。(3)leave宾语现在分词/不定式，其中宾语与构成宾补的动词之间是逻辑上的主谓关系。(4)leave宾语过去分词，其中宾语与宾补之间是逻辑上的动宾关系。语境助记(1)the girl left the door open when she went out.女孩出去的时候没有关门。(2)he had left his jacket hanging next to his seat.他把夹克衫挂在了座位旁边。(3)he left his lawyer to deal with his will after his death.他让律师在他死后处理他的遗嘱。(4)some things are better left unsaid.有些事最好永远不要去说。题组训练用所给词的正确形式填空(1)we hurriedly finished our meeting，leaving many problems (settle).(2)i left her (make) the decision.(3)the sad movie left me (cry).(4)when you sleep，youd better leave the door (close).难句分析modern communication technology and medical research techniques allow health experts all over the world to unite，share knowledge，and work together without pause to help put sars behind us.句式分析：本句是简单句。 是主语；谓语动词是 ；health experts all over the world是 ；to unite，share knowledge，and work together without pause是三个不定式连用，作 ；to help put sars behind us作 。自主翻译： .单词拼写1.the power of the (新闻界) is out of your imagination.2.when he was tired from driving，he (暂停) for a minute to rest.3.smoking in this railway carriage is strictly p .4.she stressed the importance of good (合作).5.although we cant f the future，we can learn from the past.6.find something you enjoy doing and do it regularly to establish a r .7.after the big fire，they (重建) their house.8.the housing shortage is more (严重的) than first thought.9.you should give the room a t cleaning.10.find and (下划线) the topic sentences of each paragraph.选词填空11.francis felt he would like to this conversation .12.she wondered how to the dirt.13.we should him；he is always honest.14.nowadays，more and more people are against animals.15.last summer was the wettest .完成句子16.约翰匆忙地冲了出去，门都没有锁。john rushed out in a hurry， .17.汤姆玩网游已经超过二十个小时了。tom the online games for more than twenty hours.18.我们应该给予那些依然过着贫穷生活的人更多的帮助，以使他们有足够的钱接受起码的教育。we should give more help to such people so that they can at least receive education with enough money.19.我正在做饭的时候，她出现了。she came up .20.人们认为政府正计划在六月举行大选。the government an election in june.课文短文改错one of the earliest epidemic on record happened about 500550 ad when then roman emperor at the time was attempted to rebuild the roman empire.in the 1330s，“the black death” appeared in asia，that spread rapid.years ago，sars breaks out.since then，scientists had been doing trials to prevent it.before sars，the spanish flu is believed to have been most acute epidemic in history because of it killed 50 million people in 18 months.however，since bird flu first appeared in 1997，it has taken many than a hundred lives.with all the international effort being made，we have faith which there will be solutions to stop it.答案精析基础自测.1.hibit；prohibition4.unite5.pause6.statistics7.symptom8.routine9.press10.adaptation11.foresee12.mourn13.underline14.thorough15.teamwork16.faith；faithful；faithfully.1.wipe out2.up to3.die of4.on record5.sweep through6.do trials on7.rather than8.a lack of9.be harmful to10.lead to11.stop sth.in its tracks12.leave out.1.have been doing2.is believed to have been3.mourning课文预读.1.t2.t3.t4.t5.t.1.d2.b3.a4.d5.b要点探究重点词汇1.(1)out(2)off/from；with(3)away/off/up2.题组训练1(1)on(2)to(3)for联想归纳discourage sb.from doing sth.；ban sb.from (doing) sth.；prevent sb.(from) doing sth.；forbid sb.from doing sth.；keep sb.from doing sth.；stop sb.(from) doing sth.题组训练2(1)againstsharing(2)the law prohibits tobacconists selling cigarettes to children.3.(1)break from routine(2)daily routine(3)as a matter of routine4.(1)f