Unit 11 Could you please clean your room.doc

Unit 11 Could you please clean your room?语法要点 1. 礼貌地提出请求：用could委婉地表示请求。 2. 礼貌地请求允许：用could委婉地请求许可。 3. make与do的区别。 重要词组及短语 work on 从事，忙于have a test考试fold ones clothes叠衣服do the chores做杂务get a ride搭车wash the car刷车do the dishes洗餐具use ones computer使用某人的电脑go to the store去商店work on从事，忙于 work at学习、致力于、在上下工夫do the laundry = do some washing= wash clothes洗衣服could you please do sth.? 你能吗？/ 请你干好吗？take out the trash倒垃圾make breakfast / make dinner = do some cooking 做饭invite sb. to do sth邀请某人做某事invite sb to a place邀请某人去某处make ones bed铺床come over过来sweep the floor清扫地板hate sth./ hate to do sth. / hate doing sth.讨厌某事/做某事like to do (doing) sth.喜欢做某事borrow some money借一些钱borrow sth. from sb.向某人借某物(借入) lend sb. sth.= lend sth. to sb.借给某人某物(借出)take care of = look after照顾、照看 take good care of = look afterwell把照管得好clean the living room 清扫客厅stay out late晚归play with sb.和某人玩agree sb. to do sth.同意某人做某事 agree with sb.同意某人的意见 disagree sb. to do sth.不同意某人意见 disagree with sb.不同意某人的意见forget to do sth.忘记去做某事（未做） forget doing sth.忘记做过某事（做过）get angry with sb. 对某人生气take sb. for a walk带某人去散步need some help需要一些帮助ask for要求得到、要求见到（1）do, make 短语归类 do the dishes（洗餐具） do my homework（做我的家庭作业） do chores（做家务，处理琐事） do the laundry（洗衣） do the shopping（购物） do some reading（读书） make your bed（铺床） make breakfast（做早餐） make dinner （做晚饭） make tea（泡茶，沏茶） make a cup of coffee（冲一杯咖啡） （2）关于to的短语总结： have to do sth不得不，必须做某事 need to do sth需要做某事 hate to do sth讨厌做某事 like to do sth喜欢做某事 want to do sth想做某事 love to do sth热爱做某事 forget to do sth忘记做某事 start to do sth开始做某事 begin to do sth开始做某事 ask sb to do sth请某人做某事 【词语解释与延伸】1.chore n 杂务，杂事 * do chores =do housework 干家务，处理琐事(1) Could you please do chores ? 请你干家务好吗？ -Yes, I can. 可以。(2)- Could you please help me do chores ? 请你帮我干家务好吗？ -Sorry, I mdoing my homework .对不起，我在做作业。(3) My mother has no time to watch TV .She always does chores . 我母亲没有时间看电视。她总是干家务。2 dish n 盘，碟 * do the dishes =wash the dishes 洗餐具(1) He doesnt like doing the dishes because its boring. 他不喜欢洗餐具因为太无聊。(2)-Could you please help me do the dishes? 请你帮我洗餐具好吗？ -Yes, of course . 当然可以。(3) My nother can dishes welll,and my father smoetimes makes meals .But I can do nothing. so I always do the dishes .妈妈菜烧得好，有时爸爸做饭。可是我什么也不会做，所以我总是洗餐具.3.sweep swept (过去式) sweep the floor 扫地板(1) Whos sweeping the floor? 谁在扫地板？-She is .她。(2)-Who swept the floor yesterday? 昨天谁扫地？ -Three girls did.三个女生。(3) Could you please help me sweep the floor? 请你帮我扫地好吗？ -Yes , I can.可以。4. trash n 垃圾， take out the trash 倒垃圾(1) Take out the trash, will you?倒垃圾，好吗？(2) Could you please take out the trash ? 请你倒垃圾好吗？-Yes , sure. -当然可以。5. make ones bed = make the bed 整理床铺(1) Though he is young,he can make his bed and wash his clothes.尽管他小，可是他会整理床铺和洗衣服。(2) Do you like to make your bed? 你喜欢整理床铺吗？ -No, not really. But I like to do the dishes ,because its relaxing.不太喜欢。可是我喜欢洗餐具因为很放松。6. fold v 折叠，折起来fold-folds folding folded *fold a letter 折信 fold ones clothes 叠衣服 *抱住-fold sb (sth) in ones arms 抱住某人或某物*包，笼罩- fold sth in paper 用纸把某物包起来(1) Could you please fold your clothes ? 请你把衣服叠起来好吗？-Certainly, Mum. 好的，妈妈。(2)She folded her handkerchief and put it in the desk.她把手帕叠起来放在了桌子里。(3) He folded his mother and began to cry yesterday. 昨天他抱着母亲开始哭。(4) Please fold salt in paper. 请用纸包盐。7 living room 起居室客厅clean the living room 打扫起居室(1) Our house isnt big ,so we often have meals in the living room .我们的房子不大，所以我们经常在客厅吃饭。(2)-Could you please clean the living room? 请你打扫起居室好吗？ -No problem.没问题。8. meeting n 会议 have a meeting 开会 have a class meeting 开班会 have a school meeting 开校会(1) We have a class meeting on Monday.我们周一开班会。(2) He didnt leave the room until the meeting was over. 直到会议结束了他才离开房间。(3) He made an important speech at the meeting yesterday.昨天他在会议上做了最重要的讲话。9 work on 从事，忙于 指从事或致力于某项具体的工作，其中on 为介词，宾语只能放在on 之后。(1) My uncle likes writing .He is working on a new novel. 我叔叔喜欢写作，他在写一部新小说。(2)My cousin works on the computer.我的表姐从事电脑工作。(3)-Could I please use your computer ? 我可以借你电脑用吗？ - Sorry, Im going to work on it now.对不起，我现在正打算用。(4)The teacher gave us a few maths problems .He asked us to work on them.老师给我们留了几道数学题。他要求我们演算。10. hate v 憎恨，不喜欢=dislike hate doing sth 不喜欢做某事（习惯性的） hate to do sth 不喜欢做某事（一次性）(1)The boy hates eating rice day after day.那男孩不喜欢天天吃米饭。(2)I hate doing the dishes,I like doing other chores. 我不喜欢洗餐具，我愿意做其他的家务活。(3) He hates doing his momework .He thinkits so boring.我不喜欢做作业。他认为作业烦人。(4) I hate t do some chores ,but I like to make my bed. 我不喜欢做家务，可是我喜欢整理床铺。11. laundry n 洗衣店*do the laundry =do some washing =wash ones clothes 洗衣服(1) Could you please send the clothes to the laundry? 请你把衣服送到冼衣店好吗？-Yes , sure. 可以。(2)I hate to do the laundry because its boring.我不喜欢洗衣服因为烦人。(3)Doing the laundry is boring.I hate to do it .洗衣服烦人。我不喜欢做。12. snack n 小吃，快餐(1)- Im very hungry .Could you go and buy some snaks for me? - No problem.我很饿。你能给我买点小吃吗？没问题。(2) We need more drinks and snacks . Could you buy some?我们再需要喝的和小吃。你能买点来吗？(3) Dont let the child eat too many snacks.Hes too fat.不要让这个孩子吃太多的小吃。他太胖了/13. teenager n (13-19岁的)青少年(1) To the teenager today, the opinion of their peers is more important than their parentsideas. 对今天的青少年来说，同辈人的看法比他们父辈的看法更重要。(2) As a teenager ,I should work hard at my lessons.作为青少年，我应该努力学习功课。14. borrow borrowed 借，借入指从主语的角度出发向别人借东西。常与from 连用lend-lent v 借出，指从主语的角度出发把东西借给别人。 lend sb sth =lend sth to sb. 借给某人某物(1)Do you often borrow money from others?你经常向别人借钱吗？(2) Thank you for lending me your pen. 谢谢你借给我钢笔。(3)Could you lend me some money? 你能借给我点钱吗？-No problem.没问题。(4)You can borrow my bike but you must give it back this afternoon. 你可以借我的自行车，可是今天下午你得还我。(5)I borrosed a book from my teacher yesterday .I can keep it for two days.昨天我从老师那借本书。我可以借两天。(6)Sorry, I left my money at home.Could you lend me five yuan?对不起，我把钱忘在家了。你能借我五元吗？(7)May I borrow your dictionary?可以借你字典用吗？-Sure.But dont lend it to others ,OK?可以。可是不要借给别人，好吗？(8)Could I borrow your camera?=Could you lend me your camera?15. feed fed v 喂，饲养(1) Theres not enough food to feed us all. We have t get more. 没有足够的食物“供”我们吃了。我们必须再弄些。(2) What did you do yesterday afternoon? 昨在下午你做什么了？ -I sweept the floor and fed my cat.我扫地和喂猫。 *feed to 给 喂 (3) Let him feed milk to the baby. 让他给那个婴儿喂奶。 (4)He fed some fish to his cat.他给猫喂了鱼。* feed on 吃 (5) The tigers and the lions feed on meat.老虎和狮子以肉食为生。(6) People feed on meat , rice , vegetables and fruit.人们吃肉，米饭，蔬菜和水果。llive on 以 为主食，靠 生存(7)People in the south live on rice. 南方人以大米为主食。重点句型 1. Could you take out the trash? Sure. 2. Could I borrow the car? Sorry, but I need it. I have to go to a meeting. 3. I have to make the bed and do the laundry. 4. Could I please go to the movies? Yes, you can. Could I please use the car? No, you cant. I have to go out. 5. Could you please clean your room? Yes, sure. Could you please do the dishes? Sorry, I cant. I have to do my homework. 6. I have to do chores. Well, I hate some chores too, but I like other chores. 重点、难点讲评 1. Peter, could you please take out the trash? Sure, Mom. Could you please do the dishes? Sorry, I cant. I have to do my homework. （1）在表示请求帮助或请求允许的疑问句中，常用could代替can，以表示礼貌，委婉或不确定的语气，而can则不具备这些语气。这种情况下不能把could看作can的过去式。以上两句中用could是为了表示礼貌的请求。表示请求帮助或请求允许时，除了can, could之外，还可以用may，句子的表达方式也各有不同，可以用不同的方式来表示同一个概念。例： Could/Can/May I use your car for a day? I wonder if I could use your car for a day? Do you mind if I use your car for a day? 对于、句所作允答可以各种各样，如同意可以说Yes，或Sure或Certainly，还可说Yes, (do) please. 或Of course. (you may/can). 或Go ahead, please. 或Thats OK/all right. 如果不同意，可以说Im sorry you cant. 或Im really sorry, but I have to use it today. 要避免说No, you cant. 这样显得很不礼貌。否定回答通常用委婉语气。对于句（3）所作回答可以说Never mind. /Not at all. 表“不介意”。不能用Yes. /Sure. /Of course. /Certainly.等。 无论肯定还是否定应答中，要避免使用could，要用can或may。因为应答须用确定的语气。而could在表请求的问句中是为了表示礼貌或委婉语气，用在应答中则成了不确定语气，与情理不符。所以应答中不说Yes, you could. 或No, you couldnt. 而要说Yes, you can. 或Sorry. /No, you cant. （2）区别动词do和make。 “do”与动作及非实质性的事连用，与词尾是-ing的动作名词连用，如：do the dishes（洗餐具），do my homework（做我的家庭作业），do chores（做家务，处理琐事），do the laundry（洗衣），do the shopping（购物），do some reading（读书） “make”表示“做、制造”、“整理”、“冲、泡（饮料）”等，如： make your bed（铺床），make breakfast（做早餐），make dinner（做晚饭），make tea（泡茶，沏茶），make myself a cup of coffee（给自己冲一杯咖啡） （3）take out 带出（人），取出（物）；take out of 从里取出 2. Could I please use your computer? Sorry, Im going to work on it now. Well, could I watch TV? Yes, you can. Could I/you please ？表示一种有礼貌的请求或提议，其后连接原形动词，比Can you /I？语气更委婉。类似句型有： Would you like + sth. / to do sth.? May I + do sth. ? Shall we + do sth.? Would you mind + sth. /doing sth.? What / How about + sth. /doing sth.? 肯定回答有Sure. /Of course. / Certainly. /OK. /Great. / Well. / Good idea. / I agree. 等。否定回答有Sorry . / No, you cant. 等。 3. I hate to do chores. Do you like to do the laundry? No, Its boring. I dont like doing the dishes because its boring. （1）hate vt. “不喜欢，讨厌、恨”，没有进行时。hate后可接to do也可接doing，意义无大差别，只是to do更多表示具体的一次性的动作，而doing更多表示习惯性，经常的一般的动作。这与like后接to do或doing的用法一样。 （2）对比由动词加-ing和-ed构成的形容词： 动词加-ing构成的形容词可以指人或物，在句中作定语或表语；动词加-ed构成的形容词通常用来指人，作表语，通常不作定语。例： boringbored, relaxingrelaxed, surprisingsurprised, excitingexcited, interestinginterested 4. Could I invite my friends to a party on Saturday? invite vt. “邀请”，意同ask，但invite更正式。 invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事。 e. g. They invited me to join their club. invite sb. to sth. / invite sb. for sth. e. g. He invited us for the concert. I want to invite my friends to a party. invitation n. 邀请 e. g. Thanks for your invitation. Thank you for as