译林版必修一unit 1 school life grammar课件（49张）.ppt

unit1schoollife grammar theattributiveclause1定语从句 关系代词 先来看几个相关术语1 定语2 定语从句3 先行词4 关系词 1 定语 定语用来限定 修饰名词或代词的 是对名词或代词起修饰 限定作用的词 短语或句子 汉语中常用 的 表示 acleverboytheboilingwaterfallenleavesthemanwhoyouarelookingfor 2 定语从句 修饰某一名词或代词的从句 doyouknowthemanwhocametoseexiaoyangthismorning whatisthefunctionoftheunderlinedpart tomisahandsomeboy thelittleboyneedsabluepen theboyintheclassroomneedsapen thepenboughtbyherismadeinchina themanstandingthereismyteacher theboywhoisreadingneedsthepenwhichyouboughtyesterday 单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前 作前置定语 短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后 作后置定语 定语从句 一个句子充当定语 3 先行词 4 关系词 关系代词that which who whom whose as关系副词where when why等 关系词常有3个作用 1 引导定语从句 2 代替先行词 3 在定语从句中担当一个成分 被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词 引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词 关系词有关系代词和关系副词 theboywhoisreadingneedsthepen 先行词 关系词 定语从句 先行词 被修饰限定的词 关系词 引导定语从句的词 定语从句 一个句子充当定语 theattributiveclauseornot 1 从句是否紧跟在一名词或代词之后 2 关系词是否代先行词 在从句中担任一定的成分 heisachinese heplaysanimportantpartinnba heisachinesewho thatplaysanimportantpartinnba 变为定语从句 hewasborninshanghai shanghaiisaninternationalcity hewasborninshanghaiwhich thatisaninternationalcity summary 主语 人 物 who that which that thosewhoareagainsttheplanputupyourhands themanwhoisnexttoussellsvegetable tomisoneofthestudentswhopraisedbytheteacheryesterday tomistheonlyoneofthestudentswhopraisedbytheteacheryesterday 关系代词在从句中作主语时 从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须与先行词保持一致 were was heisagoodman peoplealllikehim peopleareproudofhim heisagoodmanwhom thatpeopleareproudof heisagoodmanwhom thatpeoplealllike heisagoodmanofwhompeopleareproud or helovesbasketball heplaysbasketballverywell helovesbasketballwhich thatheplaysverywell summary 宾语 人 物 whom that who 省略 which that 省略 heisafamousbasketballplayer hiswifeisyeli heisafamousbasketballplayerwhosewifeisyeli hehasawife hernameisyeli hehasawifewhosenameisyeli theroomismine theroom swindowfacessouth theroomwhosewindowfacessouthismine summary 定语 人 物 whose whose 关系词的作用 1 连接作用把主句和从句连接起来2 替代作用在从句中代替在它前面的先行词3 成分作用在从句中充当一个成分 把两个句子合成一个复合句1thewomanisateacher 2thewomanlivesnextdoor thewomanwholivesnextdoorisateacher 1 找准主句 并确定先行词 2 找准关系词 来代替先行词 21 practise 1 theboysarefromgradeone theboysareplayingbasketball theboysarefromgradeone who thatareplayingbasketball theboyswho thatarefromgradeoneareplayingbasketball 22 2 thenurseiskind thenurselooksaftermysister thenurseiskind who thatlooksaftermysister 3 wewatchedtheplay teahouse theplaywaswrittenbylaoshe wewatchedtheplay teahouse which thatwaswrittenbylaoshe 23 5 thisisthehouse luxunoncelivedinthehouse thisisthehouse which thatluxunoncelivedin 6 whereisthegirl youtalkedwithherlastsunday whereisthegirl who whom thatyoutalkedwithlastsunday exercises 指出关系代词在定语从句中的成分 1 themanwhocametoourschoolismr wang 2 thegirl whom imetislucy 3 achildwhoseparentsaredeadiscalledtom 4 ilikethebook which youboughtyesterday 主语 宾语 定语 宾语 6 ilikethepersonwhomyoujusttalkedto 7 weshallneverforgetthedays that wespenttogether exercises 介宾 宾语 26 关系代词用法 人 物 主 宾 表 主 宾 主 宾 宾 定 后面紧跟名词 人 人 人 物 物 summary 从括号中选择正确的关系代词完成句子 1 theseason followsspringissummer that who 不填 2 thisisthemuseumwevisitedlastsaturday that whom 不填 3 theboyjohnisspeakingwithismybrother which whom 不填 4 thebuilding wallsarewhiteismyuncle shouse which whose 不填 练习巩固 that that 不填 whom 不填 whose 5 willyoupleaselendmethebook youboughtyesterday which that whose 6 thegirl legwasbrokenintheearthquakewastakentohospital who whom whose 7 thestudent theteacherpraiseattheclassmeetingisourmonitor which whom whose 8 ifoundsomephotosoftouristsites werenotfarawayfromourcity which that 不填 which that whose whom which that 基础练习 1 isthatthehouse youboughtlastyear a whereb which2 isthatthepicture youarelaughingat a whichb where3 itisthemostinterestingbook i lleverread a whichb that b b a 4 theperson findsmywatchwillgetareward a whob when a 5 theboy motherisillcannotcometotheparty a whob whose b 关系代词that和which在很多情况下可以互换 但哪些情况只能用that 考点一 3 8 2020 33 that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换 但在下列情况下 一般用that而不用which readthesesentencestofindtherules 1 i vereadallthebooksthatarenotmine iamsureshehassomething that youcanborrow 2 thisisthefirstbook that hehasread thisisthebestplace that wehavevisited 3 thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim heisjusttheperson that wearelookingfor 3 8 2020 34 4 weweredeeplyimpressedbytheteachersandtheschoolsthatwehadvisitedthere 5 whothatbrokethewindowwillbepunished whoisthegirlthatdrovethecar 6 thereare200peoplethatdidn tknowthething chinaisnolongerthecountrythatitusedtobe sheisn tthegirlthatshewas10yearsago 7 whichisthebookthatyouboughtlastweek whichisthefilmthatgotthefirst classawardthisyear 3 8 2020 discussion 1 当先行词是all everything nothing something anything little much等不定代词时或被all every no some any little much few only等修饰时 2 先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时 3 先行词被theonly thevery thesame thelast justthe等修饰时 4 当并列的两个先行词分别表示人或物 用关系代词that 5 先行词是who或who引导的主句 6 当先行词在定语从句中作be表语時 关系代词用that 7 当主句是which引导的特殊疑问句时 关系代词用that 35 有哪些情况关系代词不用that 而用which who whom 考点二 只用which 不用that 有机器的房间是车间 theroom thereisamachineisaworkshop theroom thereisamachineinisaworkshop inwhich which that 一 非限制性定语从句 先行词和从句之间有 隔开的定语从句叫非限制性定语从句 二 用在介词后 ihavelostthepen ilikeverymuch which 当先行词为way时 定语从句的关系词可以有三种情况 that inwhich或不填 idon tlikethewayyoutalkedtoyourmother choosetheonethatisnotproperforthisblank a thatb whichc inwhichd b 定语从句的谓语动词与先行词保持一致 fillintheblankswiththeproperformofthegivenverbi who be yourbestfriend willhelpyou they who be goodatsports tookpartinthesportsmeetingyesterday 3 iknowtheboywho wait therenow 4 tomisoneofthestudentswho like swimming 5 tomistheonlyoneofthestudentswho like swimming am are iswaiting like likes oneof 复数名词 who which that 复数谓语the only oneof 复数名词 who which that 单数谓语1 sheisoneofthestudentswho praisedatthemeetingyesterday a wasb werec isd are2 heistheonlyoneofthestudentswho awinnerofscholarshipforthreeyears a isb arec havebeend hasbeen b d 41 exercisesi 1 thegirl issittinginthechairisagoodsinger 2 theskirt maryboughttwoyearsagoisold 3 isthisthenovel youintroducedtome 4 whereistheboy brokethewindow 5 luckilynoneofthepeople iknowwerekilledintheearthquake who which that x that which x who whom x 42 exercisesiii all weneedistobesuppliedwithfoodandclothing a whatb thatc whichd whom2 i who injapan feelproudofbeingachinese a isb c amd being3 canyoutellmethenameofthefactory youvisitedlastweek a whatb inwherec d when4 idon tliketheway youspeaktoher a thatb inthatc whod whose 43 5 themostimportantthing weshouldpayattentiontoisthefirstthing ihavesaid a which thatb that whichc which whichd that that6 shespentthewholeeveningtalkingaboutthethingsandpersons noneofushaseverheardof a whichb whoc whomd that7 whoistheperson istalkingabouttheaccident happenedonhighway104 a which whichb who thatc that whichd what what attention 关系代词引导的定语从句1 的从句叫定语从句 2 被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫 3 用来引导定语从句的词叫 a 如果定语从句修饰人 先行词在从句中作主语用关系代词连接 若先行词在从句中作宾语用 b 如果定语从句修饰物 用关系代词连接 c 如果定语从句修饰人或物 先行词在从句中作定语用 并且后面紧跟名词 在复合句中修饰名词或代词 先行词 关系词 who that which that whom 省略 whose c 关系代词在从句中 不能省略 d 关系代词在从句中 可以省略 e 关系代词在从句中作时 可提前 但关系代词只能用和 4