译林版必修三Unit 1 The world of our senses language points学案 (2).docx

unit 1 the world of our senses language points学案词汇导练1they had to move into _ (临时的)accommodation.2he survived the plane crash and landed on a _(废弃的)island.3in the eighteenth century，benjamin franklin made a number of _(实验)4. the driver _(不理会)the traffic lights and had an accident.5it took us all day to reach our _(目的地)6soon a team of 200 _ arrived in the area to help the wounded，sick and helpless without any pay.7though it looked _，the dog was gentle indeed.8this ring，which my mother left to me，is my most valuable piece of _.9its _(freeze)cold outside.10i _(firm)believe that we must act at once.1.temporary2.deserted3.experiments4.ignored 5.destination6.volunteers7.fierce8.jewellery9.freezing10.firmly短语汇集1_盼望，企盼2_ 抬头凝视3_ 留心，留意，密切注意4_ 由于而呆住5_ 和有关；和有联系6_ 和有联系的，和有关 联的7_ (使)暖和起来；(使)热身8_ 突然；猛然9_ 取得进步10_ 以为主食11_ (铃声，枪声等)突然响起12_ (不小心)撞着1.wish for2.stare up at3.watch out for4.be frozen with5.be related to6.be linked to7.warm up8.all of a sudden9.make progress10.feed on11.ring out12.bang into语句试译1(回归课本p2)the tall man was _ _ _ _.高个子男人不见了。2(回归课本p2)the truth is that the fog is _ thick _ the bus _ _ that far.实际情况是雾太大了，公交车去不了那么远。3(回归课本p23)polly _ herself _ _ _ a man _ with his hand _ on her arm.波莉发现自己身边站着一个男人，他的手搭在她的胳膊上。她睁大了眼睛盯着他看。4(回归课本p3)the face that she saw was _ _ an old man.她看到的是一张老年人的脸。5(回归课本p18)the latter two types of attack _ more _ _ _ deadly for humans.后两种攻击对于人类而言更可能致命。1.nowhere to be seen2.too；for；to run3.found；staring up at；standing；resting4.that of5.are；likely to be核心知识1. observevt.观察；注意到，观察到(回归课本p2)as polly observed the passengers on the train，she sensed that she was being watched by a tall man in a dark coat.当波莉观察火车上的乘客时，她感觉有一个穿着黑外套的人在盯着她。归纳拓展(1)observe与see，hear，watch，feel，notice一样属于感官动词，常用于以下结构：(2)observe还可以表示监视；遵守；庆祝(节日) (3)observation n.注意，观察；遵守,observer观察者；旁听者例句探源(朗文p1409)officers observed cox driving on the wrong side of the road.警官们注意到考克斯在逆车行驶。(牛津p1374)the police observed a man enter the bank.警察注意到一个男人走进了银行。the police have been observing his movements.警方一直监视他的一举一动。the law should be strictly observed.这项法律必须严格遵守。1完成句子(1)我看到他正从房间里偷偷地走出来。i _ him _ _ _ the room.答案：observed；stealing out of(2)i have never observed him _ _ _.我从未看到他做过早操。答案：do morning exercises(3)everyone should _ _ _ _.人人都要遵守交通法规。答案：observe the traffic rules2.though having lived abroad for years，many chinese still _ the traditional customs.aperformbpossesscobserve dsupport解析：选c。考查动词辨析。句意：很多中国人在国外生活了许多年以后还是遵守传统习俗。observe遵守，奉行(法律、习俗、规章等)，(按传统习惯)纪念，庆祝(节日、生日等)，符合题意。a表演；b拥有；d支撑。2. sightn视野；视力；视觉；景象；名胜(复数)(回归课本p2)there was no one in sight.看不见一个人。归纳拓展within/in sight 看得见out of sight 看不见at the sight of. 一看到at first sight 乍一看；第一眼lose ones sight 失明lose sight of 看不见；忽略；忘记catch sight of 看见；瞥见come into sight 出现know sb.by sight 与某人面熟例句探源(朗文p1906)we saw all the important sights on our first day in chicago.我们到芝加哥第一天就参观了所有重要名胜。(牛津p1863)the bird is now a rare sight in this country.如今在这个国家，这种鸟已罕见了。she caught sight of a car in the distance.她看见远处有一辆汽车。we must not lose sight of our original aim.我们决不能忘记我们最初的目标。(牛津p1863)out of sight，out of mind.眼不见，心不烦。易混辨析sight，view，scene，scenery(1)sight意思是：目光；视力；视野；景物，供参观或游览的地方；情景，景象。(2)view是可数名词，指从某一特定点观看到的东西、景物，尤其是美丽的自然风景，它还可以表示“风景画，风景照片”的意思。(3)scene和view一样，也是可数名词。它通常指局部的、具体的风景、景致，但景中更有可能包括人或反映运动状态。它还可以表示戏剧、电影或叙述中的、现实生活中的“场景，场面，情景”。(4)scenery是一个不可数名词，是大自然风景的总称，其中包含了许多个scene。there is no view from this window except for some factory chimneys.the white sailboats in the blue water make a pretty scene.the crowd waited for a sight of the queen passing by.guilin is worldfamous for her fine scenery.3猜出下列句子中的sight的意思：a视力；视觉；b.观看；瞥见；c.情景；景象；d.常用复数名胜；风景(1)some famous musicians have had little or no sight.()答案：a(2)what a sad sight it was after the war！()答案：c(3)it was a fine chance to see the sights of the city.()答案：d(4)she would faint at the sight of blood.()答案：b4.at the railway station，the mother waved goodbye to her daughter until the train was _.aout of sight bout of reachcout of order dout of place解析：选a。句意为“在火车站，那位妈妈向女儿挥手告别直至火车看不见”。out of sight“看不见”；out of reach“够不着”；out of order“混乱无秩序”；out of place“位置不当，不适当”，只有a符合题意。3. beatv跳动；击打；击败 n心跳(回归课本p2)she could feel her heart beating with fear.她能感觉到自己的心脏因为害怕而跳动得厉害。归纳拓展(1)beat的过去式，过去分词分别为：beat，beaten，作不及物动词时表示：(心脏)跳动；作及物动词时表示：击打，拍打，打败。(2)常用短语：beat sb.to death 打某人致死beat sb.black and blue 把某人打得青一块紫一块beat sb.(defeat sb.)在比赛或战争中击败某人beat off 击退，打退beat down 击败，压倒；镇压；摧毁例句探源(朗文p149)back then，girls were told that they could never beat a boy at tennis.那个时候，人们都说女孩子的网球永远也打不过男孩子。(牛津p157)shes aliveher heart is still beating.她没死她的心脏还在跳动。somebody is beating at the door.有人在敲门。the attacker was beaten off.进攻者被击退了。they beat him unconscious.他们把他打得不省人事。易混辨析beat，defeat，win(1)defeat和beat的宾语必须是人或者一个集体，如a class，a team等，二者常可换用。defeat多指战场打败敌人，beat常用作游戏，比赛中打败对手。(2)win指在竞争中取胜，常接的宾语有：game，war，prize，fame，battle，victory。he beat the champion in the game.he won 3,000 in the lottery.their team were easily beaten.beat，hit，strike(1)beat指连续的打击，有意的行为或指有规则的运动，如：心脏跳动，鸟拍打翅膀等。(2)strike表示“打”的意思时较正式，用手或物，可轻可重，有意或无意。也可表示“自然灾害的袭击、划火柴”等。(3)hit常表示“击中”，也有“使突然想起，自然灾害侵袭”之意。the man looked dead，but his heart was still beating.the young man hit the ball so hard that it went over the wall.he went in，struck a match and lit a candle to give some light.i was about to give up my efforts to work on the puzzle when a good idea struck me.5完成句子(1)这个女士拍打毛皮大衣上的灰尘。the lady _ dust _ _ her fur coat.答案：beat；out of(2)他们在那场足球赛上打败了另外一个班。they _/_ _ _ in the football game.答案：beat/defeated another class(3)海浪拍打着岩石。waves _ _ the rocks.答案：were beating(4)我兴奋得心跳加快。my heart _ faster _ excitement.答案：beat；with4. addvt.& vi.增加，补充(回归课本p9)he adds that this year，scientists will test another 60 volunteers and will be in a better position to explain the results.他补充说，今年科学家们将对另外60个志愿者进行测试，到时将能更好地解释这一结果。归纳拓展(2)addition n加法，增加in addition(to.)(除)之外还有，此外additional adj.额外的，附加的additive n(尤指食品的)添加剂，添加物例句探源(牛津p22)the numbers add up to exactly 100.这些数字的总数恰好是100。(朗文p23)threats will only added fuel to the fire.威胁将只能使事态更加恶化。the new rules only added to the problem.这些新规定只能使问题更复杂。mike added that his father disagreed with his decision.迈克补充说，他的父亲不赞同他的决定。in addition to these arrangements，extra ambulances will be on duty until night.除了这些安排以外，另增救护车值班至深夜。6.there have been several new events_to the program for the 2008 beijing olympic games.aaddbto addcadding dadded解析：选d。add sth.to.“把加上”，本句应为add several new events to the program。因此new events与add之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。7“were having a class，”she said，_it was a newlyopen kindergarten sponsored by the church.aadded that badding thatchas added dand adding that解析：选b。句意：她说“我们正在上课”，然后补充说，这是由教堂捐款新开办的幼儿园。adding that“补充说”，用现在分词形式表伴随，等于and added that。8.i received a letter from my mother with an unusual stamp on，which_my collection of stamps.aadded up to badded tocadded in dadded together解析：选b。add to“加到，添加”。句意：我收到了我妈妈的一封信，上面有一枚特别的邮票，我可以把它收集到我的集邮册里。add up to，add together都是“总共”的意思，不合题意；add in“包括”，也不合题意。9the money we made last year _ $150 million.aadded up badded tocadded up to dadded解析：选c。句意：我们去年挣的钱总共是1亿5000万美元。a.把加起来；b.增加，增添；c.总计，加起来总和是；d.增加，只有c项符合题意。5. touchn触觉；接触 vt.触摸；接触(回归课本p11)he adds that although our sense of sight is overused，our senses of touch and smell have been ignored.他补充说虽然我们的视觉被过度使用，但触觉和嗅觉却被忽略了。归纳拓展例句探源(朗文p2183)the cars control buttons are impossible to distinguish by touch.这辆汽车的控制按钮不可能通过触摸加以区分。(牛津p2137)are you still in touch with your friends from college？你和大学同学还有联系吗？(2009年高考全国卷)everybody was touched beyond words after they heard her moving story.在听到她那感人的故事后，每个人都感动得说不出话来。dont touch the plateits hot.别碰那个盘子，烫手。10.(2010年高考湖北卷完形)she paid the driver and then，using her hands to _ the seats，settled in one of them.it had been a year since susan became blind.atouch bgrabccount dfeel解析：选d。根据下文，susan已失明一年了，所以此处应是她用手“摸”座位。touch触摸，碰；grab掠夺，攫取；count数数；feel(用手，足等)摸索，寻找，d项符合题意。11.oh！i have burnt myself!how did you do that?i _ a hot pot.atouched bkeptcfelt dheld解析：选a。前文说“我烫到了自己”，所以此处应是“我碰到了热锅”，所以选a。12its obvious that the students were all _ by the _ film.atouched；touched btouching；touchingctouched；touching dtouching；touched解析：选c。句意：很明显学生们都被那部感人的电影感动了。touched感动的，touching令人感动的，感人的，所以选c。6. acceptvt.& vi.接受(回归课本p16)he knows that it will be hard for liu weihai，but he says，hopefully in the next few months his body will accept the hand as his own.(医生)知道对于刘威海来说治疗是很艰难的，但是他的身体有望在接下来的几个月内接纳那只手，像他自己的一样。归纳拓展acceptable adj.可接受的，受欢迎的acceptance n接受，接纳；承认accepted adj.公认的，为公众所接受(使用、赞同)的例句探源(牛津p10)it was pouring with rain so i accepted his offer of a lift.天正下着瓢泼大雨，所以我领了他的情，搭了他的便车。(朗文p10)my parents have always accepted me just as i am.我是什么样子，我的父母一直都接受我。the astronaut accepts danger as being part of the job.宇航员承认他们的工作中包含着危险。i dont accept that the firm will go bankrupt.我不相信该公司会破产。he never really accepted her as his own child.他一直没有真正接纳她是自己的亲生女儿。the college he applied to has accepted him.他申请的那所学院录取了他。易混辨析accept，receive(1)receive指“(客观上)收到”，着重行为本身，而不涉及收受者是否接受。receive education接受教育receive an operation接受手术(2)accept指“(主观上)领受、接收”，着重除行为本身以外，还表示接受者经过考虑以后愿意接受。13用receive和accept的适当形式填空：i _ the flowers he bought for me but i didnt _ them though they are beautiful.答案：received；accept7. chancen可能性，几率，机会(回归课本p18)the chances of being attacked by a shark are very small compared to other dangers.与其他威胁相比较，被鲨鱼攻击的几率算是很小的了。归纳拓展chance/chances of.的可能性chance to do/of doing.做的机会，机遇,by chance(by accident)偶然地，无意中,take a chance冒险，碰运气，投机theres a chance that.有可能chances are that.很可能例句探源(朗文p313)i wanted to take this chance to say how much i have appreciated your help over the years.我想借此机会感谢这些年来你给予我的帮助。(牛津p314)he has only a slim chance of passing the exam.他通过这项考试的可能性微乎其微。the chances are that i will be looking for a new job soon.我可能很快就会去找一份新的工作。i met her by chance at the airport.我碰巧在机场遇见她。14根据句意填空：(1)did he do so _ purpose or _ chance?答案：on；by(2)if you want to increase your chances _ being accepted into a key college，the best way is to make more efforts at school.答案：of(3)if you live in the country or have ever visited there，_ are that you have heard birds singing to welcome the new day.答案：chances8. avoidv避开；避免(回归课本p18)try and stay in groups，as sharks usually avoid large numbers of people.试着呆在群体里，因为鲨鱼经常避开人群。归纳拓展(1)avoid sth.避免(2)avoid doing sth.避免做(3)avoidable adj.可以避免的avoidance n.避免；防止；回避；躲避例句探源(牛津p118)ive been avoiding getting down to work all day.我一整天都刻意不投入工作。(朗文p116)i managed to avoid the worst of the traffic.我设法避开了交通最拥堵的路段。15_，the student insists that he be separated from his deskmate，who is naughty.ato avoid being affectedbto avoid to be affectedcavoiding being affecteddavoiding to be affected解析：选a。句意：为了避免受到干扰，那位同学坚持要和他的同桌分开，因为他的同桌太淘气了。avoid 后需加动名词作宾语，故排除b、d两项；a项为不定式，作状语，可表示目的，符合本题要求。16.they built a wall to avoid soil_.awashing awaybwashed awaycbeing washed away dbeing washing away解析：选c。本句译为“他们建了一堵墙防止土壤流失(被冲走)。”avoid后跟动名词，soil和wash away之间是被动关系，being washed away是动名词的被动形式。9. stickvt.将刺入；粘住；困住 n棍，枯枝(回归课本p18)stick your finger in the sharks eye.把你的手指刺进鲨鱼的眼睛里面。归纳拓展stick a stamp on a letter 在信封上粘贴邮票stick o. 把插入/刺入stick to 坚持；粘贴get/be stuck in 陷入中stick out 突出，伸出stick with 忠于；继续支持(某人)(尤指在困境中)例句探源(2010年高考福建卷)in april，thousands of holidaymakers remained stuck abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.四月，成千上万的度假者由于受到火山灰风的影响，滞留国外。(朗文p2021)i should have written a note and stuck it on the refrigerator.我本应该写张字条贴在冰箱上的。she stuck her fork into the meat.她把叉子扎在肉里了。you ought not to stick out your tongue.你不该伸舌头。i stick to what i said yesterday.我仍然坚持我昨天说的话。17完成句子(1)他持续工作一直到完成为止。he _ _ _ _ until it was finished.答案：stuck to the job(2)一根烟囱突出于屋顶。a chimney _ _ _ the roof.答案：stuck out of(3)有些老球迷支持他们的球队长达40年之久，一直到它成为一支强队。some of the older fans _ _ their team for 40 years before it became good.答案：stuck with18.how unfortunate！we were _ in a storm and our car was _ in the mud yesterday.aset；struckbcaught；setccaught；stuck dlost；caught解析：选c。句意：多倒霉啊！昨天我们被困在暴风雨中，车也陷到泥中了。be caught in.被困在中；be stuck in陷在中。19.the theory he had been sticking _ wrong.ato prove bto provedcto proving din proving解析：选b。句意：他一直坚持的理论被证明是错的。本句中he had been sticking to是定语从句，修饰theory，proved是句子的谓语动词。10. reach out伸出(手)(回归课本p2)a few seconds later，a hand reached out and touched her arm.没过几秒钟，有一只手伸了过来，碰了碰她的胳膊。归纳拓展(1)reach vi.伸出手(臂)(来触，拿或捡)for. vt.伸手够到 n伸手可及的距离beyond/out of ones reach达不到within ones reach在某人能力范围之内reach a conclusion得出一个结论reach for a book伸手够一本书reach out(for.)伸出手去够(2)reach vt.到达，达到例句探源(朗文p1693)someone reached out and grabed her arm.有人伸手抓住了她的胳膊。(牛津p1645)they didnt reach the border until after dark.他们天黑以后才到达边境。yao ming is tall enough to reach the ceiling.姚明足够高能够着天花板。you can reach tiger at home on 8852747.你可以拨tiger家里的电话8852747和他联系。i often put the dictionary within my reach.我经常把词典放在我伸手可及的地方。20完成句子(1)她将手伸向键盘并开始演奏。she _ _her hands to the keyboard and began to play.答案：reached out(2)把所有的药放在孩子们够不着的地方。keep all medicines _ _ _ _ _children.答案：out of the reach of(3)我喜欢把参考书放在随手可拿到的地方。i like to have my reference books_ _ _.答案：within my reach11. pay back还钱(回归课本p3)it gives me the chance to pay back the help that people give me when its sunny.它给了我一个机会，我可以回报在晴天里人们给予我的帮助了。归纳拓展pay back(向某人)还钱；报复，惩罚pay off付清，偿清；成功，奏效；达到目的,pay(sb.money)for sth.(给某人)付的费用,pay sb.sth.付给某人某物(pay sth.to sb.)例句探源(牛津p1461)did he ever pay you back that $100 he owes you？他把欠你的100块钱还给你没有？we should be able to pay off the debt within two years.我们应该能在两年内还清债务。my persistence finally paid off when they called me in for an interview.他们打电话来要我参加面试，我的坚持终于有了收获。did they pay you for mowing their lawn?你替他们修剪草坪，他们付给你钱吗？we pay our babysitter $5 an hour.我们给临时保姆的报酬是每小时5美元。21完成句子(1)所有那几周的学习都将在考试的时候见成效。all those weeks of studying will _ _ when you take the exam.答案：pay off(2)如果这家工厂倒闭，就会有1000多名工人在结清工资后被辞退。over 1,000 workers will _ _ _ if this factory closes.答案：be paid off(3)我拿到工资后会把钱还给你。ill be able to _ _ _ when i get my wages.答案：pay you back(4)他们惹出了那些麻烦，她知道怎样报复他们。she knew how to _ _ _ for the trouble they had caused.答案：pay them back(5)你干那工作每周可收入200美元。the job will _ _ _ a week.答案：pay you $20012. make sense有意义，讲得通(回归课本p11)staying healthy makes sense.保持健康是有意义的。归纳拓展例句探源(朗文p1855)it doesnt make sense to drive if you can walk.能走路时偏要开车是不明智的。can you make sense of the poem?你能理解这首诗的意义吗？(牛津p1815)this sentence doesnt make sense.这个句子讲不通。dogs have a very good sense of smell and are often used to search for survivors in the earthquake.狗有非常灵敏的嗅觉，经常被用来搜寻地震中的幸存者。whoever has common sense knows that smoking is harmful to peoples health.有常识的人都知道，吸烟是有害健康的。there is no sense in getting upset about it now.现在为这件事苦恼是没有意义的。in no sense can the problem be said to be solved.无论如何这个问题都不能说解决了。22(2010年高考安徽卷)_，she is the sort of woman to spread sunshine to people through her smile.ashy and cautiousbsensitive and thoughtfulchonest and confident dlighthearted and optimistic解析：选d。句意：她无忧无虑、积极乐观，是那种用微笑给别人带来快乐的人。本题考查形容词作伴随状语。shy and cautious害羞且小心的；sensitive and thoughtful敏感且多思的；honest and confident诚实且自信的。23.(2010年高考湖北卷)if i find someone who looks like the suspect，my _ reaction will be to tell the police.aphysical bimmediatecsensitive dsudden解析：选b。句意：假如我发现某个人看上去和这个嫌疑犯相像的话，我的第一反应将是报告给警方。本题考查形容词辨析。immediate立即的，即刻的，直接的；physical身体的，自然的；sensitive敏感的，神经过敏的，易受伤害的；sudden突然的，意外的。从语境判断选b，immediate reaction直接的反应。24(2009年高考江苏卷)compared with his sister，jerry is even more_to，and more easily troubled by，emotional and relationship problems.asceptical baddictedcavailable dsensitive解析：选d。句意：jerry和他妹妹相比，对于情感和人际关系方面的问题更敏感，更容易被困扰。sceptical adj.怀疑的；addicted adj.沉迷的；available adj.(指物)可用的或可得到的；(指人)可会见的，可与之交谈的；sensitive adj.敏感的，神经过敏的，易受伤害的。25.(2011年江苏徐州第一次模拟考试)whats the _of having a public open space where you cant eat，drink or even simply hang out for a while?asensebmatterccase dopinion解析：选a。句意：在这样一个公共场所，