译林版必修三unit 2 language reading（language points）学案.docx

unit 2 language reading（language points）学案一、这样记单词记得准写得对记得快记得多.基础词汇1.vocabularyn词汇2.nowadaysadv. 现在，如今3.consistvi. 组成，构成4.defeatvt. 击败，战胜5.entireadj. 完全的，整个的6.raisevt. 养育，培养；举起，增加；提及7.thereforeadv. 因此，所以8.processn. 过程；进程.拓展词汇1.occupyvt.占领；占用(时间、空间等)occupation n占领，占用；职业2.mixturen混合，混合体mix v混合，搅拌3.officialadj.官方的，正式的officially adv.官方地，正式地officer n军官，政府官员4.contributionn贡献，促成因素；捐献contribute v贡献5.replacevt.替换，代替，取代replacement n代替，更换6.distinctionn区别，差别distinct adj.明显不同的，不同种类的；清晰的distinctive adj.与众不同的7.spellingn拼写spell v拼写1.词根“sist”意为“站立”assist帮助(一再站在你这边)consist 组成(共同站在一起)persist 坚持(总是站在那)resist 拒绝(不往那站)insist 坚持(总站在里面)2.therefore的同义词so 因此；所以thus 因此，从而，如此hence 因此；今后consequently 因此，所以，结果accordingly 因此，于是3.“职业”大聚会job 工作，职业work 工作；作品career 职业，生涯，事业trade 行业，职业profession 职业，专业employment 职业，雇用occupation 职业；占领二、这样记短语记牢固定短语多积常用词块1.be made up of/consist of由组成，由构成2name after 以命名3aside from 除之外4make contributions to 对做出贡献5take control of 控制，取得对的控制6lead to 导致7replace .with . 用替代8go through 经历9keep on 持续，继续1.all over the world全世界2at the end of the 9th century 在九世纪末期3the official language 官方语言4the first language 第一语言5raise animals 饲养动物6highclass people 上层社会人士7among all classes 在各个阶层中8mother tongue 母语9gain independence 赢得独立10lose face 丢脸；丢人三、这样记句式先背熟再悟通后仿用1.that is why english has so many difficult rules that confuse people.那就是英语有如此多令人困惑的规则的原因。that is why .“那就是的原因”，why引导表语从句。i always try to overcome difficulties.that_is_why i have always succeeded where others have failed.我总是努力克服困难，那就是我总是在别人失败的事情上成功的原因。2.even though the normans spoke french for the entire 250 years they ruled england, french did not replace english as the first language.尽管诺曼人在统治英格兰的整整250年间一直讲法语，但是法语并没有取代英语成为第一语言。even though/if引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管，即使”。hes the best teacher, even_though/if he has the least experience.他虽然经验最少，却是最出色的老师。3.after the norman conquest, highclass people spoke french while common people spoke english.诺曼征服后，上层社会的人说法语，而普通人则说英语。while引导并列句表示前后对比，意为“而”。nodding the head means agreement, while shaking it means disagreement.点头表示同意，而摇头表示不同意。1(教材p22)the english language is made up of the grammar and vocabulary these people brought to britain.英语就是由这些人带到不列颠的语法和词汇构成的。be made up of 由组成(构成)make up构成，占；化妆，打扮；编造，虚构make up for 弥补，补偿the club is made up of more than 200 members.这个俱乐部由二百多名成员组成。you will have to make up for all the things you have missed.你必须补上所有你错过的东西。名师点津be made up of表示简单的组合；be made of表示“(成品)由(原料)制成”，一般侧重能看出原材料的物理变化；be made from表示“(成品)由(原料)制成”，一般侧重看不出原材料的化学变化；be made into表示“(原材料)被制成”。as we all know, paper is made from wood.众所周知，纸是由木材制造的。语境串记our class is made up of forty students.some girls in our class like making up so much that they are often late for classes.when our teachers ask, they usually make up excuses for it.我们班由40名学生组成。班里一些女生很喜欢化妆以至于经常迟到。当老师们问时，她们常编造借口应对。2(教材p22)then two germanic groups from the european mainland the angles and the saxons occupied britain.然后，来自欧洲大陆的两个日耳曼部族盎格鲁人和撒克逊人占领了不列颠。occupy vt.占领；占用(时间、空间等)；居住；使忙碌(1)使某人或自己忙于(做)某事忙于(做)某事(2)occupation n工作，职业；占领，占用her speech occupied three hours.她的演说占用了3个小时。mrs green occupies herself in looking after her three children.mrs green is_occupied_in_looking after her three children.格林夫人忙于照料她的三个孩子。it is good manners not to disturb others when they are occupied with their work.别人忙于工作时，不要去打扰他们，这是一种礼貌。occupied (occupy) in a very important experiment he would not attend the party.由于忙于一个非常重要的实验，他不能参加这次聚会。名师点津occupy意为“占据”时指不管某物在不在那儿，都可以说那个地方被“occupied”了。而take up则指某物必须在那儿才可以说那个地方被“taken up”了。3(教材p22)old english consisted of a mixture of their languages.古英语是由他们语言的混合体组成的。consist of 由组成(构成)consist in在于，存在于consist with 与一致the uk.consists of great britain and northern ireland.英国由大不列颠和北爱尔兰组成。its a mixture consisting (consist) of oil and vinegar.那是一种油和醋的混合物。happiness consists in contentment.知足常乐。theory should consist with practice.理论应与实践相一致。名师点津consist of与be made up of同义；由consist组成的几个短语虽然都具有及物性，但是不能用于被动语态和进行时态。4(教材p22)both the english language and the english people are named after the angles; the word angle was spelt engle in old english.英语和英国人都是由盎格鲁人命名的；angle这个词在古英语里拼写成e after .以命名(1)name .as/for .提名为任命为(2)call s 辱骂某人by the name of 名叫in the name of 以的名义；凭的权威under the name of 用的名字(3)namely adv. 即，也就是this is zhongshan park, which is named after dr.sun yatsen.这是中山公园，它是以孙中山先生的名字命名的。mr michael has been named as/for the new chairman.迈克尔先生被任命为新的董事长。no country should invade others in_the_name_of anything.任何国家都不应以任何名义侵略他国。i was told there was no one by_the_name_of lily here.我被告知这里没有名叫莉莉的人。名师点津表示“也就是”的词或短语还有：that is to say也就是说；换言之in other words 换句话说to put it from another way/angle 换个角度说5(教材p22)aside from place names such as london, very few celtic words became part of old english.除了像“伦敦”一样的地名之外，很少有几个凯尔特单词成了古英语的一部分。aside from ( apart from) 除之外(还有)aside from being praised, he received a lot of money.除了获得表扬之外，他还得到一大笔金钱。she usually goes to work by bike aside from on rainy days.除了雨天之外，她通常骑自行车上班。辨析比较aside from, except, except for, besidesaside from有两层意义：“除之外(别无)”except, except for；“除之外(还)”besidesexcept“除之外(不、无)”，有否定和排除的含义，指同类人/物except for强调整体与局部的关系，没有项目类别的明确限制，对细节加以修正，即肯定整体，否定局部besides“除了之外(还有)”，有肯定和附加的含义，指同类人/物选用上述词语填空aside_from that little problem, the day was perfect.除了那个小问题外，那天过得好极了。we work everyday except sunday.我们除星期天外每天都工作。except_for one old lady, the bus was empty.除了一位老太太，公共汽车上没有别的乘客。besides working as a doctor, he also writes novels in his spare time.除了当医生之外，他还在业余时间写小说。6(教材p22)the most important contribution was from the normans, a frenchspeaking people who defeated england and took control of the country in 1066.最大的贡献来自讲法语的诺曼人，他们在1066年击败了英格兰并控制了这个国家。contribution n贡献，促成因素；捐赠(1)make a contribution to为做出贡献make great contributions to 对有很大贡献(2)contribute v. 贡献；捐助；投稿contribute to 有助于，导致contribute .to . 给捐款；向投稿he made a very positive contribution to the success of the project.他对这项工程的成功贡献颇多。he has made great contributions (contribute) to the space development program.他对该太空发展计划有很大的贡献。the scientist often contributes_to an academic journal.这位科学家常常给那家学术期刊撰稿。riding bikes not only contributes to keeping (keep) fit , but also produces no pollutants.骑车不仅有益于保持健康，而且无污染。语境串记many people contributed money to the hope project, which contributed to many childrens coming back to school.a teacher was so deeply moved by these kind people that she wrote a report and contributed to a newspaper.许多人都为希望工程捐款，这使得很多孩子能够重返校园读书。一位老师被这些善良的人深深感动了，便写了一篇报道并投到了报社。defeat vt.击败，战胜n.击败，失败be defeated in在中被打败了/输了admit defeat 承认被击败they never admitted defeat in the face of difficulties.在困难面前他们从未低头。they were_defeated (defeat) in the football match.他们在足球比赛中输了。they finally had to admit_defeat.他们最后不得不承认被击败。take control of 控制，取得对的控制(1)gain/take/get control of 取得对的控制权，控制get/bring/keep . under control控制住lose control of 失去对的控制权(2)under control 被控制住out of/beyond control 失控，无法控制in control (of sth.) 控制(某物)in/under the control of 在的控制之下while you can not turn back the clock, you can take control of your life.尽管你不能让时间倒流，但你可以掌控你的生活。you shouldnt have lost_control_of your temper on such an occasion.你不应该在这种场合发脾气。you have to be in control of yourself before you are in control of your performance.在你能够控制自己的表现之前，学会控制自己。the machine tool went out_of/beyond_control because of improper use.由于使用不当，机床失去控制。i shall put an experienced teacher in charge of that class to bring the children under control.我将派一个有经验的老师去那个班管理孩子们。名师点津学过的“taken.of”短语还有：take care of照料，照顾take notice of 注意take hold of 抓住take charge of 掌管，负责take advantage of 利用7(教材p2223)however, the norman conquest did not affect english as much as the angles and the saxons victory about 600 years earlier, which led to old english replacing celtic.然而，诺曼征服对英语的影响并不及约600年前盎格鲁人和撒克逊人的胜利对英语的影响，那场胜利导致古英语替代了凯尔特语。lead to 导致；通向lead .to .领到lead sb.to do sth. 导致某人做某事lead the way 处于首位，领先lead sb.away 把某人引入歧途/引上邪路lead up to . 导致；使转向all roads lead to rome.条条大路通罗马。his carelessness led_to_his_failure in the exam.他的粗心大意导致了他在考试中的失败。your advice led him to_think (think) it about again.你的建议使他又考虑了一下。it was your encouragement that led me to great progress.是你的鼓励使我有了很大的进步。thats just what i am leading up to.那正是我就要说到的一点。名师点津“导致”的表达式还有：result in导致，引发，带来后果bring about 引起，导致contribute to 引发，引起replace vt.替换，代替，取代；把放回原处replace machines have replaced human labour in many industries.在许多行业中，机器已经替代了人力。teachers will never be_replaced (replace) by computers in class.课堂上，电脑将永远不会取代老师。nowadays many factories have replaced most of their workers with/by robots.现在很多工厂用机器人代替了它们的大多数工人。名师点津表达“代替”的短语还有：代替某人/某物in sb.s/sth.s place in place of sb./sth. 代替8(教材p23)therefore, the words we use for most animals raised for food, such as cow, sheep and pig, came from old english.因此，我们使用的表示专为食用而饲养的大多数动物的单词，比如cow(母牛)，sheep(绵羊)和pig(猪)，来自古英语。raise vt.养育，培养；饲养；举起；增加，提高；筹募；提及请写出下列句中raise的含义pollution can also raise a persons risk of cancer.增加i hope we can have more events like this to raise money for charities.筹募whenever someone else raised the subject, he would pass it off.提及we will send more teachers to study overseas in order to raise the citys education level.提高parents have the duty to raise their children.养育if you have a problem, please raise your hand.举起辨析比较raise, rise原形过去式过去分词现在分词含义及用法raiseraisedraisedraising提高，提升，升起，为及物动词riseroserisenrising上升，升高，为不及物动词选用上述单词填空on monday morning, we were watching the children raising the national flag, and saw it rising slowly in the wind.星期一早上，我们在观看孩子们升国旗，国旗在风中徐徐升起。1that is why english has so many difficult rules that confuse people.那就是英语有如此多令人困惑的规则的原因。that is why .“那是的原因”，此句型中why引导表语从句，且在从句中充当状语。that在此为指示代词，指代前面提到的事情。(1)that is the reason why .(that is why .)那就是的原因(2)that/it is because . 那是因为(3)the reason (why .) is that .(的)原因是we stopped for the post; that is why we were late.我们停下来取邮件了，所以迟到了。mr li was ill yesterday.that_was_why he didnt give us lessons.李老师昨天生病了，所以他没有给我们上课。i was tired.that was why i fell asleep quickly.i fell asleep quickly.that_was_because i was tired.the_reason_why i fell asleep quickly was that i was tired.我累了，这就是我很快就睡着的原因。名师点津thats why .后接某事发生的结果，thats because .后接某事发生的原因。2after the norman conquest, highclass people spoke french while common people spoke english.诺曼征服后，上层社会的人说法语，而普通人则说英语。while在句中意为“而，然而”，表示对比。honesty is a virtue while greed is an evil.诚实是一种美德，而贪婪是一种罪恶。the tortoise wins the race while the hare is sleeping.兔子睡大觉，乌龟赢赛跑。while_i_admit that there are problems, i dont agree that they cannot be solved.尽管我承认有问题存在，但我不同意这些问题不能解决。while there is life, there is hope.有生命，就会有希望。名师点津while强调“在过程中，在期间”，其后从句的谓语应为延续性动词或表示状态的词语；when不强调动作是否延续，所以其后从句的谓语动词没有是否延续的限制。.单句语法填空1they were occupied in building a bridge.2this is an article consisting (consist) of five parts.3the word “bookstore” is made up of the two words “book” and “store”4it was at the school which was named after a hero that he spent his childhood.5its no easy task to_take (take) control of a class of young children.6his illegal actions could lead him to_lose (lose) his job.7our plans for playing the football match today has_been_defeated (defeat) by the bad weather.8meanwhile, people should be encouraged to replace plastic bags with/by paper bags.9i wondered how they had_raised (raise) so much money on their own to help youngsters in need.10if everyone makes a contribution (contribute) to protecting the environment, the earth will become much more beautiful.11i usually work until 9：00 pm aside from on sunday.完成句子1我今天早上起晚了，那就是我上学迟到的原因。(why从句作表语)i got up late this morning.that_is_why_i_was_late_for_school.2即使你的父母对你要求很严格，他们也很爱你。 (even though引导让步状语从句)even_though_your_parents_are_strict_with_you,_they love you very much.3虽然工作有难度，但很有趣。(while引导让步状语从句)while_the_work_was_difficult,_it was interesting.4我喜欢老师上课的方法。(定语从句)i like the way (in_which/that)_the_teacher_gives_his_lessons.一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高.单词拼写1after listening to his adventure, she felt a strange mixture (混合) of excitement and fear.2the news is certainly true although it hasnt been announced officially (官方地)3dr.venter has made two main contributions (贡献) to the gene discovery.he is great.4the english were defeated (击败) by the scots in the battle that followed.5more new machines will be fixed to replace (替换) the old ones.6the entire (整个的) building was turned upside down in their search for the missing paper.7he was a businessman, and therefore (因此) he always has an eye out for any chance to make money.8the factory manager used a flow chart to explain the production process (过程)9a proper parttime job does not occupy (占用) students too much time.10he was about to speak when she raised (举起) a finger to her lips.单句改错1our netschool is made of four parts.made后加up2fully occupy in looking after children, she has no time to enjoy life.occupyoccupied3a medical team, consists of 10 doctors and 5 nurses, has been sent to the earthquakehit area.consistsconsisting4the change3, named a chinese goddess, is chinas first spacecraft to make a soft landing on the d后加after5we must make a contribution to make our school more beautiful.第二个makemaking6it was lack of money, not of effort, that defeated for their plan.去掉for7he failed in his attempt to take the control of the company.去掉第一个the8if you only pay attention to this cause, it will lead to misunderstand of this matter.misunderstandmisunderstanding9seeing the sun raising above the surface of the sea, we let out a shout of joy.raisingrising10its not a good idea to miss meals and replace them for snacks.forwith.选词填空make many contributions to， take control of， be occupied in， go through， lead to， aside from， name after， be made up of1everything went well after he took_control_of the company.2english went_through many changes during this period.3aside_from being fun, swimming is a very useful skill.4old french made_many_contributions_to middle english.5her poor french often led_to misunderstandings when she visited france.6julia told us that she was named_after her grandmother.7as we all know, china is_made_up_of 56 peoples.8she is_occupied_in writing a novel after retirement.课文语法填空people from many different countries and cultures have lived together in britain all 1.through history.that is why english has so many 2.confusing (confuse) rules.english 3.consists (consist) of three types, namely old english, middle english and modern english.the original language 4.spoken (speak) in england was celtic.many factors 5.contributed (contribution) to its development.one factor is 6.that the foreign invaders 7.took (take) control of britain and brought with them their languages, 8.which had a great influence on the changes in the english language.by the latter half of the 14th century, english 9.had_come (come) into widespread use among all classes in england.english is changing all the time.the english we speak nowadays includes many latin and greek words.10.it is certain that english will continue changing in the future.串点成篇微表达众所周知，英语是由语法和词汇(vocabulary)组成的(be made up of)。英语的发展经历了三个时期古英语、中古英语和近代英语。古英语是由盎格鲁人(angle)和撒克逊人(saxon)语言混合(mixture)组成的(consist of)。中古英语从大约12世纪到15世纪。古法语对中古英语做出了许多贡献。近代英语出现在16世纪，英语在这期间经历了许多变化，毫无疑问(there is no doubt)，这一过程(process)将继续下去。as_we_all_know,_english_is_made_up_of_grammar_and_vocabulary.its_development_experienced_three_periods_old_english,_middle_english_and_modern_english.old_english_consisted_of_a_mixture_of_the_angles_and_saxons_language.middle_english_was_from_around_the_12th_century_to_the_15th_century.old_french_made_many_contributions_to_middle_english.modern_english_appeared_in_the_16th_century.english_went_through_many_changes_during_this_period.there_is_no_doubt_that_this_process_will_continue.二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧.完形填空what do we mean by a perfect english pronunciation? in one _1_ there are as many different kinds of english as there are speakers of it._2_ two speakers speak in exactly the same _3_.we can always hear differences _4_ them, and the pronunciation of english _5_ a great deal in different geographical _6_.how do we decide what sort of english to use as a _7_？ this is not a question that can be _8_ in the same way for all foreign learners of english._9_ you live in a part of the world _10_ india or west africa, where there is a long _11_ of speaking english for general communication purposes, you should _12_ to acquire a good variety of the pronunciation of this area.it would be a _13_ in these circumstances to use as a model bbc english or _14_ of the sort.on the other hand, if you live in a country _15_ there is no traditional use of english, you must take _16_ your model some form of _17_ english pron