北京大学16秋季 36081003-大学英语3-第五组.doc

谋学网一、阅读理解(共10题，每题2分，共20分)请阅读以下文章，回答文章后的五个小题。每个小题只有一个最佳选项。1）.Asanymiddle-classparentknows,unpaidworkexperiencecangiveyoungstersavaluableintroductiontoasecurejob.Thegovernmenthasrecognizedittoo,abandoningrulesin2011thathadformerlystopped16-to24-year-oldsfromdoingunpaidworkwhileclaimingunemploymentbenefit.Butmovingfromthattoforcingthemtoworkwithoutpayinordertocollectthesebenefitshasprovedabigstep.MorethanonemillionyoungpeopleinBritainareunemployed,thehighestnumbersincethemid-1980s.Keenbothtocutthewelfarebillandtoavoidthedepressedfuturewagesthatmayresultfromearlyunemployment,thegovernmenthasintroducedanambitiousprogramofreformtogetyoungstersoffwelfareandintowork.Akeypartofitisensuringthatnoonegetsbenefitfromthegovernmentforlong;ministersarekeentoavoidwhathappenedaftertheearly-1980srecession(衰退),whenunemploymentcontinuedinsomepartsofthecountryforalongtimeaftertheeconomybegantoimprove.Tohelpyoungpeopleintowork,ministershadpersuadedlotsofemployers,includingbakerychains,bookshops,andsupermarkets,totakeonunemployedyouths,whoreceiveworkexperiencebutnopay,withtheprospectofaproperjobforthosewhoshine.Some35,000youngstersparticipatedlastyear;halffoundpaidworksoonafterfinishingthescheme.Theideaofgettingyoungadultsusedtoshowingupforworkispopularwithvoters:accordingtoasurveypublishedinFebruary,about60%ofpeoplesupporttheprogram.Equallyattractivewastheoptionofcompellingthemtowork:undertheexistingarrangementsyoungsterscouldchoosewhetherornottoacceptaplace,butiftheydroppedoutaftertheendofthefirstweek,theystoodtoloseuptotwoweeksbenefits.Yettheschemehasalsopolarized(两极分化的)opinion:athirdofpeopleareconsistentlyopposed.Followinganoisy“RighttoWork”campaignthataccusedemployersofco-operatingsecretlywiththegovernmentin“forcedlabor”,severalfirmsdroppedoutoftheprogram.Topreventthisfromgettingworse,ChrisGrayling,anemploymentminister,admittedthatyoungpeoplecouldleavetheirworkexperienceatanytimewithoutbeingpunishedfordoingso.Thisnotonlyhaltedtheflightofemployers(fornow,atleast)butalsoenabledhimtoannouncethatnewfirmshaveagreedtotakepartintheprogram.1.Accordingtothepassage,youngpeopleinBritain_.A.areusedtoshowingupforworkB.valueunpaidworkverymuchC.arealwaysopposedtounpaidworkD.couldlearnsomethingaboutjobsecuritythroughunpaidwork2.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTTRUE?A.Mostvoterssupportthegovernmentsefforttohelpyoungpeopletofindwork.B.Somepeopleprotestagainstthegovernmentsattempttoforceyoungpeopletowork.C.Therearemorethanonemillionyoungpeoplewhotookpartintheprogram.D.Therearemorethanonemillionyoungpeoplewhoarejobless.3.Accordingtotheauthor,theBritishgovernmentistryingto_.A.punishyoungpeopleiftheyarenotcooperatingwithitB.reformtheunemployedyoungstersC.avoidtheeconomicslowdownD.reducewelfarespending4.Theword“shine”inParagraph3means“_”.A.dowellB.reflectlightC.lookhappyD.producelight5.Whichofthefollowingisanappropriatetitleforthispassage?A.EnjoyWorkWithoutPayB.CanWork,WontWorkC.ShouldWork,ShouldntPlayD.HateWorkorLoveWork2）.Thecityhasalwaysbeenanengineofintellectuallife,fromthe18th-centurycafesofLondon,wherecitizensgatheredtodiscusschemistryandpolitics,totheLeftBankbarsofmodernParis,wherePicassotalkedaboutmodemart.Withoutthemetropolis,wemightnothavehadthegreatartofShakespeare.Andyet,citylifeisnteasy.Nowscientistshavebeguntoexaminehowthecityaffectsthebrain,andtheresultsaredepressing.Justbeinginanurbanenvironment,theyhavefound,impairs(损害)ourbasicmentalprocesses.Afterspendingafewminutesonacrowdedcitystreet,thebrainislessabletoholdthingsinmemory,andsuffersfromreducedself-control.Whileitslongbeenrecognizedthatcitylifeisexhausting,thisnewresearchsuggeststhatcitiesactuallydullourthinking,sometimesdramaticallyso.Oneofthemainforcesatworkisacompletelackofnature,whichissurprisinglybeneficialforthebrain.Studieshavedemonstrated,forinstance,thathospitalpatientsrecovermorequicklywhentheycanseetreesfromtheirwindows,andthatwomenlivinginpublichousingarebetterabletofocuswhentheirapartmentsoverlookalawn.Eventheseglimpsesofnatureimprovebrainperformance,itseems,becausetheyprovideamentalbreakfromtheurbanlife.Thisresearcharrivesjustashumanscrossanimportantmilestone(里程碑).Forthefirsttimeinhistory,themajorityofpeopleliveincities.Insteadofinhabitingwide-openspaces,werecrowdedintoconcretejungles,surroundedbytrafficandmillionsofStrangers.Inrecentyears,itsbecomeclearthatsuchunnaturalsurroundingshaveimportantimplicationsforourmentalandphysicalhealth,andcanpowerfullyalterhowwethink.Thisresearchisalsoleadingsomescientiststodabble(涉足)inurbandesign,astheylookforwaystomakethecitylessdamagingtothebrain.Thegoodnewsisthatevenslightalterations,suchasplantingmoretreesintheinnercityorcreatingurbanparkswithagreatervarietyofplants,cansignificantlyreducethenegativesideeffectsofcitylife.Themindneedsnature,andevenalittlebitcanbeabighelp.6.Whichofthefollowingisthemainideaofthispassage?A.Thecityinspirestalentedpeople.B.Thecityhurtsyourbrain.C.Thecityhasmanypleasuresandbenefits.D.Thecityseriouslyaffectsthenaturalbalance.7.Theword“metropolis”inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto_.A.citizenB.natureC.cityD.stress8.Peoplehavejustcometorealizethat_.A.humanattentionisascarceresourceB.citylifecanmakepeopleverytiredC.thecityisanengineofintellectuallifeD.anurbanenvironmentisdamagingtothebrain9.Whatisthefactormentionedinthethirdparagraphthathelpsthehospitalpatientsrecovermorequickly?A.Nature.B.Bettertreatment.C.Experienceddoctors.D.Goodmedicine.10.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.Differentaspects(方面)ofanurbanenvironment,suchasthecrowdedstreets,canleadtoanincreaseinself-control.B.Smallchangesinurbandesign,cannotreducethenegativesideeffectsofcitylife.C.Forthefirsttimeinhistory,theearthspopulationismoreurbanthanrural.D.Awalkdownabusycitystreetwillimprovebrainperformance.二、词汇与结构(共15题，每题2分，共30分)11.Wedontneedairconditioning,_.A.norcanweafforditB.neithercanafforditC.norwecanafforditD.neitherwecanaffordit12.“Youaretooself-centered.Itshightimeyou_thatyouarenotthemostimportantpersonintheworld,”Edgarsaidtohisbossangrily.A.realizedB.haverealizedC.realizeD.shouldrealize13._singerand_dancerisalsogoodatdrawing.A.The;aB.The;theC.A;aD.The;/14.Itssuchadifficultproblem_noonecanworkitout.A.asB.thatC.soD./15.Dontsmokeintheclassroom,_?A.doyouB.willyouC.canyouD.couldyou16.Williamlikestoeatout,butheisnot_aboutwhatheeats.A.peculiarB.unusualC.particularD.special17.Theirhousestandsatahilltop,_theHudsonRiverdownbelow.A.seeingB.viewingC.lookingatD.overlooking18.Thereisnotmuchtimeleft,soIshalltellyouaboutit_.A.indetailB.inbriefC.forshortD.inall19._withthesizeofthewholeearth,thehighestmountaindoesntseemhighatall.A.WhencomparedB.CompareC.WhilecomparingD.Comparing20.OnthisspecialoccasionIdliketoexpressmy_wishesforyourfuturehappiness.A.obviousB.sincereC.hopefulD.honest21._theroomthanthetelephonerangoncemore.A.HardlywhenheenteredB.HardlyheenteredC.NosoonerhehadenteredD.Nosoonerhadheentered22.Mybikeisold,_itisingoodcondition.A.thereforeB.soC.neverthelessD.moreover23.Thetextbookisforthe_students,notforthebeginners.A.foreignB.blindC.advancedD.deaf24.Bytheendofnextmonthhe_everythinginschool.A.willfinishB.wouldhavefinishedC.finishesD.willhavefinished25.Sam:Idontdrinkcoffeeatall.Frank:_.A.SodontIB.IdoeitherC.NorIdoD.NeitherdoI三、改错(共5题，每题2分，共10分)请在以下句子划线部分中，挑出错误的选项。26.WhenDaddywillcomeback,Iamgoingtotellhimeverythingaboutyourpoorperformanceatschool.A.willcomebackB.amgoingtoC.everythingD.at27.Somepeopleliketoeatapples,butotherspreferbananasforapples.A.likeB.eatC.preferD.for28.Mosttreefrogschangecolorsfromtimetotimetofitinwithitsenvironment.A.MostB.changeC.fromtimetotimeD.itsenvironment29.Asaslowstudent,Janehasntfinishedhertestintime.isshe?A.AsB.hasntfinishedC.intimeD.isshe30.ThereareonlytwothingsworthtoreadinthisnewspapertheTVlistingsandthesportspage.A.onlytwothingsB.toreadC.inD.thesportspage四、完形填空(共10题，每题2分，共20分)阅读文章，根据文意选择最佳选项。1）.Visitorstothezoousuallypitytheanimalsowingtotheirparticularemotionalassociations(联想).Whichanimalsshouldbeindeedpitied?Thefirsttypearethosecleverand31developedanimalswhoselivelyintelligenceanddesireforactivitycan32nooutletbehindthebarsofthecage.Thoseanimalslivinginafreestatebeforebeingputinthezoohaveastrongdesireformovingabout33,buthavetommaroundrepeatedlyintheirquarters.Owingtothisdisappointment,foxesandwolveskeptinplaceswhicharefartoosmall,areamongthemost34ofallzooanimals.Anothersadscene,seldomnoticedbyordinaryzoovisitors,isthe35flyingtrialsofswans(天鹅)atmigration(迁徙)time.Thesecreatures,likemostotherwaterbirds,aregenerallymadeunabletoflybytheoperationofcuttingoffatipofthewingbone.36suchswansinthezoogenerallyseemhappyunderpropercareandtheyraisetheiryoungwithoutanytrouble,atmigrationtimethingsbecome37.Thebirdsneverreallyrealizethattheycannolongerfly,andrepeatedlyswimtothe38ofthepondsothattheycanhavethewholeextentofitssurfacewhentryingtotakeoffagainstthewind.Meanwhile,theirloudflyingcallscanbeheardastheytryto39,andagainandagainthegrandpreparationsendinfailure.Idonotlikeseeingthose40waterbirdsinthezoo.Themissingtipofonewingandthestillsadderpictur