高中英语语法复习课件——虚拟语气.ppt

虚拟语气 Definition 虚语语气 theSubjunctiveMood 表示说话人的一种愿望 建议 命令 要求 有时是一种非真实的假设 料想 或是不可能实现的与事实相反的愿望 1 虚拟语气的考点1 条件句中的虚拟语气的用法 2 条件句中虚拟语气的倒装 3 名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法 4 几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法 5 虚拟语气与陈述语气的判定 if引导的虚拟条件句 一 If 主 did were 主 would should could might 动词原形 IfIwereyou Iwouldtryitagain 1 如果我是你 我会再试一次 2 如果我有一百万美元 我会买下这架飞机 IfIhadonemilliondollars Iwouldbuytheplane 与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句 If 主 haddonesth 主 would should could might 动词完成式 havedone Ifhehadworkedhard hewouldhavepassedtheexamination 1 如果他努力学的话 他就通过这次考试 IfIhadmarriedher Iwouldhavebeenunhappy 2 要是当时我和她结了婚的话 那我是很不幸的 与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句 与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句 通常有时间状语 Ifhecameheretomorrow Iwouldtellhimaboutit Ifheweretocomeheretomorrow Iwouldtellhim 1 如果他明天来的话 我会告诉他这件事 2 如果他明天来的话 我会告诉他 If 主 did wereto shoulddo 主 would should could might 动词原形 倒装的If虚拟句 条件状语的倒装 如果条件状语中有were had should时 可以倒装成 Were Should Had 主 其他 WereIyou Iwouldtryitagain Hadhebeenthereyesterday hewouldhaveseenthefilm Shoulditsnowtomorrow wewouldn tgoout IfIwereyou Iwouldtryitagain Ifhehadbeenthereyesterday hewouldhaveseenthefilm Ifitshouldsnowtomorrow wewouldn tgoout 虚拟语气在名词性从句中的使用 请求 要求 命今 建议 Should 动词原型 惊异 惋惜 遗憾 理应 advise ask demand desire insist order propose request suggest etc以及相关名词 过去分词 important strange necessary natural essential vital 首要的 imperative 必要的 It srequestedthatallthestudents should wearschooluniformsatschool Mysuggestionisthatyou should gohomefirstbeforecominghere HeinsistedthatJohn should doit ItisnecessarythatweshouldgeteverythingReadybytheendoftheweek 注意 当suggest表示 暗示 表明 insist表示 坚持认为 坚持说 时不用虚拟 HisaccentsuggestshecomesfromHunan Iinsistthathewaswrong Hissilencesuggestedthatheagreedwithmydecision Heinsiststhatdoingmorningexercisesdoesgoodtopeople shealth 虚拟语气特殊句型 1 wishthat 2 asif asthough 3 wouldratherthat 4 It s about high timethat 1 wishthat 现在 过去 将来 did were 现在 haddone 过去 would could 动词原形 将来 Thepictureexhibitionboredmetodeath IwishI toit A hadn tgoneB haven tgoneC didn tgoD couldnothavegone HowIwishI that Everybodypresentwasangrywithme A didn tgoB hadn tdoneC wouldn tdoD wasn tdoing Tomcantakehiscarapartandputitbacktogetheragain Icertainlywishhe mehow A teachesB willteachC hastaughtD wouldteach D 2 asif though Clause 现在 过去 将来 did were 现在 haddone 过去 Shelovesthebabyasifitwereherownson HespeaksasifhehadbeentotheUnitedStates would 动词原形 将来 Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater itlooksasifit A breaksB hasbrokenC werebrokenD hadbeenbroken Theactoris58yearsold Butheactsasifhe ayoungman A isB willbeC amD were Thecloudsaregettingdarkeranddarker Itlooksasifit rain A isgoingtoB willC wasgoingtoD would 注意 如果表示的事情可能会发生 那么状语从句中的谓语动词可用陈述语气 Itlooksasifyouaretired 3 It s about high timethat did were Should 动词原形 It stimeweworkedhard It shightimethatwestarted 1 It shightimethatwe toschool wouldB wentC goD willgo2 It stimewe upourresults sumB summedC willsumD wouldsum B B 4 wouldratherthat 现在 过去 未来 过去时 过去完成时 过去时 Iwouldratheryoupaidmenow Iwouldratheryouhadgone too Don tcome Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow Shesaysshe dratherhe tomorrowinsteadoftoday A hadB shouldleaveC leavesD left I dratheryou methenews A nottellB nottotellC didn ttellD hadn ttold 注意 在主语 would had rather that宾语从句中 从句谓语一般用过去式表示虚拟形式 例如 我真希望你告诉我真相 I dratheryoutoldmethetruth 我宁愿不再见着你 I dratherIdidn tseeyouagain 我倒希望他们和我一起去 Iwouldrathertheywentwithme 含蓄条件句 非真实条件句中的条件从句有时不表示出来 只暗含在上下文中 这种句子叫做含蓄条件句 含蓄条件句大体有三种情况 1 条件暗含在短语中 如 without butfor incaseof etc WhatwouldIhavedonewithoutyou Itwouldbeeasiertodoitthisway Butforyourhelpwecouldn thavesucceededintheexperiment 2 条件暗含在上下文中 如 or otherwise Youmightstayhereforever 可能暗含ifyouwantedto Wewouldhavesucceeded 可能暗含ifwehadkepttrying Yourreputationwouldberuined 可能暗含ifyoushouldacceptit Iwasverybusyyesterday OtherwiseIwouldhavecometoseeyou 3 条件用其他形式来表示Ifonly Iwish but suppose supposing providing if etc Itoldhimtogotherehimself butperhapsIshouldhavegonetogetherwithhim Supposeyouwereinmyshoes whatshouldyoudo Ifonlywehadfollowedyouradvice 10IfonlyI tomyparents advice A listeningB listenC amlisteningD hadlistened11 Whydidn tyoucometothepartyyesterday I butanunexpectedvisitorcametoseeme A didB wouldC hadD wasgoingto 错综条件句 虚拟条件句中的主句和