高中英语复习提纲.doc

高中英语复习提纲Book1A Unit12一、基本词汇argue, cast, survive, desert, hunt, share, adventure, repeat, majority, native, total, equal, communicate, trade, exchange, tidy, compare, fond of, hunt for, in order to, care about, such as, drop sb. a line, make oneself at home, in total, except for, stay up, come about, end up with, bring in, a great many二、词语、短语归纳..2.13. Have a good knowledge of 掌握；很熟悉14.Have trouble/difficulty (in)doing sth.做某事有困难1.Imagine + (sb.)doing sth.想象（某人）做某事5.26.27.mean to do sth.打算去做某事；mean doing sth.意味着做某事28.must have done一定/肯定已经；cant/couldnt have done一定/肯定没有.；neednt have done本来不必做某事（实际上却已经做了）；should/ought to have done本来应该做某事（实际上并没有做）；shouldnt/oughtnt to have done本来不应该做某事（实际上却做了）；could have done本来可以做某事（实际上并没有做）；would have done本来想要做某事（但实际上并没有做）29.as many as多达；as long as长达；只要；as far as远至；就而论；as well as和一样好；既又；不但而且；as early as早在；30.be tired of对感到厌倦；be tired from由于而感到疲劳；be tired out精疲力竭31.on the way to doing sth.就要/将要.32.over 超过；大于；经过（一件事或一段时间）三、基本句型1.what do you think?你认为？2. If youre going to take the day off, then so will I.如果你那天准备休息，我也要这样。 She couldnt work out the answer, and nor/neither could I.她算不出这个答案，我也算不出.3.so it is/was with+(另一个) 主语（=it is/was the same with + (另一个)主语） 表示“某人也一样”（前面的句子说的是两种或两种以上的情况，另外一个主语与前面句子的主语的情况相同。此结构既可用于肯定句，也可用于否定句） Marx was born in Germany and German was his native language.马克思出生于德国，德语是他的母语 So it was with Engels/It was the same with Engels.恩格斯也是如此.4.while作并列连词，表示“然而”的用法5. There is so little time left that I have to leave at once. There are such little children(小孩子) that they can not understand what you say sometimes. It is so interesting a book that I want to read it again. Tom was such an honest boy that he was praised by the teacher.6.（这是一个倒装句） So badly was he injured that he had to be sent to hospital.他的伤势很重，不得不送医院。7. 8.It is/was +被强调部分+that/who +从句. （强调句型）在强调句型中，把It is/was和that/who去掉，句子意义照样完整。It was I who/that saw John in Guilin last week.It is/was not until+ (强调句型)在强调句型中，把It is/was和that/who去掉，句子意义照样完整。It was not until my father came back that I went to bed.It was not until 10:00 that I went to bed.疑问词（what/where/how/who/when等）+ is/was +that + 从句?在强调句型中，把It is/was和that去掉，句子意义照样完整。What is it that Joe cant find in the bathroom?9.In order to、so as to与so that、in order that(为了)in order to do sth.与so as to do sth.与to do sth.均可作目的状语，但so as to do sth.不能置于句首. (In order) to catch the first bus, they got up very early that morning. They got up very early that morning so as to catch the first bus.so that与 in order that都可引导目的状语从句, 但so that引导的从句一般不放在句首. They got up very early that morning so that they might catch the first bus. In order that they might catch the first bus, they got up very early that morning.10.do you suppose/do you imagine/do you believe/do you think都可作为插入语成分，置于句首、居中、句尾，通常用于特殊疑问句中，并且其后的语序用陈述语序，即使用“主语+谓语+宾语”和“主语+系动词be+表语”的语序。 When do you think they will arrive? Where do you believe I have made a mistake?11.It/This + 注意：如果前面是is, 后面的句子通常用现在完成时；如果前面是was, 后面的句子通常用过去完成时； This is the second time (that) Lily has been to Beijing. It was the third time (that) I had left my hometown.Book1A Unit34一、基本词汇consider, means, board, experience, vacation, normal, handle, poison, separate, combine, host, scare, rescue, advance, seize, swallow, drag, struggle, fight, flow, shake, strike, destroy, fear, opportunity, touch, watch out (for), protect sb./sth. from, on the other hand, as well as, see sb. off, take place, on fire, get on ones feet, go through, on holiday二、词语、短语归纳1. consider(考虑)2.consider(认为)3. .8. 9.10.11.be caught in 陷入，被困于12.get away from 逃离；逃避；摆脱13.go for 举行；进行14.protect sb./sth. from 保护某人/某事免受的侵害15.in a second 片刻之后16.hold on to (doing) sth. 抓住；紧握；保留或保住某物；坚持住17.get on ones feet = stand up 站起来18.go through 通过；经受；经历；仔细检查19.as with = just as 和一样20.21.make sth. easy to do sth. 使得某些事做起来容易22.stop to do sth.停止做原来的事而去做另一件事；stop doing sth.停止做正在做的事；remember to do sth.记着去做某事；remember doing sth.记得曾经做过某事；forget to do sth.忘记去做某事；forget doing sth.忘记曾经做过某事；regret to do sth.遗憾地去做某事；regret doing sth.后悔做了某事；23.imagine doing sth.想象做某事；imagine sb. doing sth.想象某人做某事；24.get close to = get near to接近；靠近；贴近；25.in + 一段时间 “在之后（将来时态）”；after在之后（一般过去时态）26.used to do sth.过去常常做某事；be/become/get used to (ding) sth.习惯于；be used to do sth.被用来做某事；三、基本句型1.It is/was clear to sb. That从句2.It didnt take long before3.Where are you traveling to London?4.Good luck with your trip!5.sb./sth.+ 系动词be + 形容词+ to do sth.= It is/was + 形容词+（for/of sb. ）+ to do sth. Hiking is easy to do and doesnt have to be very expensive. The man is hard to work with.= It is hard to work with the man. 这人很难共事.6.be about to do sth. when 正要做某事，突然 be to do sth. 表示将来，即按计划，安排要做，想要做，或注定要发生的事。7.It didnt/doesnt take long before 过了不久，就 It takes/took long before 过了很久才 It was/is long before过了很久才 It will take/be long before 要过很久才 It wont take/be long before 不久就会8. 9.considering可作介词或连词，意为“就而论”、“考虑到” Considering (that) he got sick noe and then, he did well on the test.就他不时生病而论，他考的还不错。10.by no means 决不（用于句首时，句子用部分倒装语序） By no means is she an inexperienced teacher.她绝不是一个毫无经验的老师。11. We were struck by the generosity of even the poorest citizens. 使我们深受感动的是，甚至最贫穷的市民也慷慨大方.It strkes me that she is a kind-hearted woman.我突然意识到，她是一个好心人。12.连接两个主语时，as well as 应根据其前面的主语确定谓语动词的人称或单复数；not only(just)but(also)应根据but (also)后的主语确定谓语动词的人称或单复数。 I as well as she am a student.我和她都是学生。 She as well as I is a student.她和我都是学生。13.Not only/just, but (also)位于句首不连接主语而连接句子时，not only/just连接的句子应使用部分倒装语序，即把系动词be、助动词、情态动词置于主语前。但是，but(also)引导的句子不倒装。 Not only shall we work hard, but we shall also learn how to work hard. 我们不仅要苦干，而且要学会巧干。14.同位语从句 在英语中，一个句子跟在一个名词或代词后，对这个名词或代词作进一步的解释或说明，这样的从句就叫同位语从句，常见的名词有：idea, fact, news, hope, thought, doubt, reason, promise, question等。 We expressed the hope that you would come and visit China again. The news that they beat us is not true.15.“祈使句+ and/or + 将来时态的句子”这个句型是英语中常见的句型，祈使句表示一个条件，后面的将来时态的句子就表示一个结果。此句型常用来表示建议、提出要求等，意为“做某事，就” 或“做某事，否则”。Study hard and youll succeed.努力学习，你就会成功。Stop smoking or youll have a poor health.不要吸烟了，否则你的身体会不好的。Book1A Unit56一、基本词汇scene, career, role, choice, degree, speed, creature, owe, accept, determine, live, comment, interrupt, introduce, apologize, fault, culture, custom, manner, flesh, raise, extra, stare, take off, in all, stay away, run after, on the air, think highly of, leave out二、词语、短语归纳..9.10.11.spirit精神-spirits烈酒、情绪 custom风俗-customs海关 air空气-airs气派，神气 regard尊重-reards问候 color颜色-colors旗帜 content内容-contents目录 ruin毁灭-ruins废墟 good益处-goods货物 time时间-times时代，次数，倍数， work工作-works作品，工厂 condition状况-conditions环境8.think highly of 对评价很高19.pay a visit to sth./sb./sw.拜访某人/物/地20.make a good impression留下好印象21.drink to (sth./sb.)为干杯22.keep/bear sth. In mind牢记心中23.determine on (doing) sth. 决定（做）做某事24.25.on/over the air在播出；通过无线电广播26.owe thanks to sb.感谢某人27.a + 序数词= another又一；另一28.can/could afford sth.负担得起/买得起某物；cant/couldnt afford sth.负担不起/买不起某物；can/could afford to do sth.有足够的钱（时间、地方等）做某事；cant/couldnt afford to do sth.没有足够的钱（时间、地方等）做某事；29.in ones opinion在某人看来；30.make use of利用；make full use of 充分利用；31.for the moment暂时；目前；in a moment很快；立即；at the moment此时；此刻；for a moment一会儿；片刻；32.at the table坐在桌子边；at table在吃饭；在用餐；三、基本句型1.While/When/If/Unless/Once/Though/Although/Enven if/After等 + 名词（介词短语、doing sth.、done），+ 主句 While in Viena he studied music.在维也纳时，他学习音乐。 While typing the letter, he heard the telephone ring.用打字机打那封信时，她听见电话响了。（主动） When asked what to do next, she kept silent.当问及她下一步做什么时，她一言不发。（被动）2.none“没有（三者及以上）人或物”；在简略答语中用来回答how many/how much引导的问句 - How many elephants did you see there? - None. no one “没有人”；在简略答语中用来回答who 引导的问句 - Who is in the dining-room now? - No one. nothing“没有什么事情或东西”；在简略答语中用来回答what引导的问句 - What have you bought? - Nothing.3.the reason whywas/is that“的原因是” The reason why she was ill was that she had eaten bad meat. The reason why many people want to buy it is that the price is low.4.not only(just)but(also)的到状结构。 当not only/just引导的句子位于句首时，not only/just引导的句子要主谓倒装，即把系动词be、助动词或情态动词放在主语的前面。但but(also)引导的句子不倒装。 Not only did he teach English,but he taught Chinese in a school last year. 他去年不仅在一所学校教英语，而且教汉语.5.It作形式主语的用法.6.介词+having done, he7.cant help句型 cant/ couldnt help (to) do sth.不能帮忙干某事。 I cant help clean the room with you, for Im busy. 因为我太忙了，不能帮你打扫房间. cant/couldnt help doing sth. 禁不住干某事 I couldnt help laughing when I saw her strange face. 当我看到她奇怪的脸时，我情不自禁地笑了。 cant help but do sth. (=cant but do sth.)不得不、必须干某事；只能 I cant but laugh. 我只能笑了笑。8.notuntil句型在强调句和倒装句中的运用。9.10.“some, other”是常用的固定句型。意为“一些，另一些”。 Some people like Chinese foods, but other people like Western foods.Book1A Unit78一、基本词汇cultural, send into, represent, include, restore, limit, give in, burn, in ruins, destroy, lie, give up, with the help of, bring back, replace, recreate, come true, damage, solve, stand for, well-known, host, would rather, take part in, rank, weight, weigh, prepare, in preparation for, height, point, skill, gesture, hold, compete, unusual, score, by hand二、词语、短语归纳1. ..3.notbut不是，而是14.stand for 代表；象征15.in preparation for 为而准备16.17.18.be based on 以基础19.have an effect/influence on/upon sb./sth.对有影响20.bring back to life使苏醒过来；使恢复生机21.22.suggest doing sth.建议23.congratulate sb. on sth.祝贺某人某事7.28.represent oneself as (to be) 声称自己是.29.act up to ones opinion照自己的主张行事；have a good/bad/high/low opinion of sb./sth. = think well/badly of sb./sth.对某人（物）的评价很好（坏、高、低）；express/give ones opinion on sth.表达对某事的意见；30.make sb./oneself/sth. done 使某人/某人自己/某事被.31.be for支持；赞成；主张；stand for代表；代替；象征；32.every other + 单数名词“每隔”；every + 一段时间 “每隔”；33.be (well) worth doing sth.很值得做.34.have good/bad effects sb./sth.对产生好的/不好的影响；have/take (an) effect on/upon生效；开始发生作用；of no effect(作表语)没有作用；without effect（作状语）没有作用；35.encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事；encourage sb. in sth.在方面助长（鼓励）；36.more than超过；大于；不止；不仅仅；三、基本句型1.asas的句型结构.2.where引导的地点状语从句.3.sb. is said to do sth.与It is said that sb.4.“怎么样？”5.Why dont you do sth.?6.Why do sth.? Why not do sth.?7.主语+prefer (doing) sth. to (doing) sth.8.主语+prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.9.would rather do sth. than do sth.10.11.would rather that 12.Its (not) just like sb. To do sth.某人（不）是样的人13.suggest引导的句型（注意：虚拟语气表示的含义是与事实相反的） sb. suggest（建议） + that +sb. (should) do sth.(虚拟语气，should 可用可不用，但动词要用原形) sb. suggest(暗示) + that 从句 It is suggested that sb. (should) do sth. (虚拟语气，should 可用可不用，但动词要用原形) The suggestion is that sb. (should) do sth. (虚拟语气，should 可用可不用，但动词要用原形) Its ones suggestion that sb. (should) do sth. (虚拟语气，should 可用可不用，但动词要用原形)14.seem句型 sb./sth. seem + 形容词/名词/过去分词 It seems that = sb. seems to do sth. It seems as if (though) There seems to be15.Where there is, there is“哪里有，哪里就有”。 Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者，事竟成。 Where there is a flower, there is a bee.16.形容词作伴随状语。 Strong, proud and united, the people of St. Petersburg are the modern heroes of Russia. 圣彼得堡的人民坚强、自豪、团结一致，他们是当代的俄罗斯英雄。 She looked at the kind-hearted woman, thankful. 她看了看这位好心的妇人，充满了感激之情。17.notbut“不是而是” Shakespeare was not a musician but a writer.莎士比亚不是音乐家而是作家. Not you but he is to be punished.不是你而是他该受惩罚。18.morethan“与其说倒不如说”。 Im more disappoited than angry.与其说我生气，倒不如说我失望。 The book seems to be more a dictionary than a grammar. 语气说这本书是一本语法书，倒不如说它是一本词典。Book1A Unit910一、基本词汇disagree, depend, press, teenager, add, latest, remind, dare, case, whatever, paticular, negative, interview, wonder, defeat, force, lead, tour, act, measure, adapt, original, devote, common, reduce, amount, material, brief, stay/keep in touch with, call for, in case (of), according to, take over, break down, in danger, die out, as a result, lead to, take measures, adapt to, make a difference, devoteto, at present, set free, in the wild, throw away二、词语、短语归纳.remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事；remind sb. of sth.提醒某人某事；使某人想起某事；remind sb.about/with sth.提醒某人某事；.9.10.11.seem to do sth. 似乎12.stay in touch with 与保持联系13.keep/stay in touch with与保持联系14.come up with提出（意见、计划、方案等）；追上15.16.take measures = take steps 采取措施17.take turns轮流18.19.be responsible for对负责20.21.in case (of)以防；如果；万一；in no case决不、无论如何不；in any case在任何情况下；in this/that case在这/那种情况下；22.die out灭绝；die from表示死于（枪、刀）伤、虚弱、劳累、饮食过度等；die of表示死于疾病、饥饿、寒冷、年老、忧愁、失恋等精神因素；die down熄灭、平息；die off相继死去；die away消逝、静下来；23.break down出事故、中止、崩溃、（汽车）抛锚、（物理变化）分解；break away from突然挣脱/逃脱、脱离；break into强行进入、破门而入；break in打断、插嘴；break off突然停止、折断；break through突破；break up分解、拆碎、拆散；break out突然爆发 24.25.have no idea不知道；it depends视情况而定；generally speaking一般来说26.take turns (at) doing sth.轮流做某事；by turns轮流地；in turns依次地；at every turn到处；take a turn发生转变/转折；27.devote oneself/sth. to sth./sb. = give up (oneself/ones time/ones energy) to sth./sb.奉献（自己、时间、精力等）；三、基本句型1.am/is/are/were/was being + 过去分词.(进行时态的被动语态) Words and images are being sent throughout the world.2. whatever,whichever,whoever,whomever可引导名词性从句（即主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句），也可引导让步状语从句；引导让步状语从句时，whatever,whichever,whoever,whomever可换成no matter what/which/who/whom等. Doctor Godwin says that no matter what forceful argument against cigarette harm there are, many people insist on smoking. Godwin大夫说无论有什么强有力的有关香烟的论证，许多人仍然抽烟wherever, whenever, however只能引导让步状语从句，可以换成no matter where/when/howThe answer seems to be that we have a need to stay in touch with friends and family no matter where we are or what we are doing.however “无论多么”；“然而”3.not onlybut also不但，而且 The cellphone is not only a useful tool but also a way to have fun and be cool.4.这是there be 句型的将来时态. Without air, water and energy there would be no living things.5. John may phone tonight. I dont want to go out in case he phones.(NMET2000北京、安徽春考卷) In case he arrives before I get back, ask him to wait. I shall stay in the hotel all day in case there is news of the missing boy.(NMET2000上海春考卷) I dont think Ill need any money but Ill bring some in case.(NMET2000)6. In no case should we prevent the students from exploring new ideas.7.sb./sth. + make/think/feel/consider/find + it +形容词/名词+ to do sth.8. There is a little girl sleeping in the bedroom. There are few areas left where pandas can live.9.10. He hasnt slept at all for three days, (it is) no wonder he is tired out. 他已经三天没睡觉了，难怪她这么疲惫不堪。11.12.upon/on + “一就.” Upon the death of the little son, the noble family had died out. 小儿子一死，这家豪门就绝后了。13.spend、take、cost的用法：sb. spend + 多少时间（钱）+ on sth. “某人在某物上花费了多少时间（钱）” He spends an hour on English every day.他每天花一个小时学习英语。 sb. spend + 多少时间（钱）+ (in) doing sth. “某人做某事花费了多少时间（钱）” He often spends his spare time (in) improving his teaching method. 他常在业余时间改进教学方法。 It takes/took/have taken/will take sb. + 多少时间（钱）+ to do sth.“做某事花去某人” It took them ten years to finish the project.他们花了十年时间才完成哪项工程。 sb. takes/took/have taken/will take + 多少时间（钱）+ to do sth.“做某事花去某人” I took ten days to finish my essay.我花了十天完成我的论文。 Doing sth. takes/took/have taken/will take sb.+ 多少时间（钱）+ to do sth.“做某事花去某人” Watching TV often takes him much time.看电视常常花费他很多时间。 Sth. cost + sb. + 多少时间（钱）“某物花费某人多少时间（钱）” The beautiful coat cost me $50.这件漂亮的外衣花去了我$50.14.主语+ make/think/feel/find/consider + it + 形容词/名词+ （for sb.）to do sth. 在这个句型中，it作形式宾语，it后的形容词/名词作宾语补足语，to do sth.才是真正的宾语。 Some students think it very difficult to study English.有些学生认为学习英语很困难。 Leifeng felt it his duty to help others.雷锋认为帮助别人是他的职责。15.do with(处理，安排，解决)与疑问词what连用，deal with(处理，安排，解决)与疑问词how连用。 What have you done with the books?你是怎样处理这些书的？ How did you deal with the books? 你是怎样处理这些书的？Book1A Unit1112一、基本词汇suggestion, perform, characteristic, contain, spread, variety, folk, universal, record, satisfy, desire, emotion, intelligence, habit, shoulder, treat, trick, power, series, stupid whisper, announcement, character, in common, turn into, a series of, in trouble, come across, turn around, believe in二、词语、短语归纳..2.13.make fun of取笑某人14.dance to the music随音乐起舞15.come across偶然遇到/发现16.put sb. to trouble给惹麻烦17.along with与一道18.have sth. in mind想到；考虑到19.be similar to sth. in sth.在方面与相似20.be on the point of doing sth.正要做某事21.open ones ears to专心听22.satisfied adj.满意的；满足的；satisfying adj.令人感到满意的；satisfaction n.满足（不可数）；乐事（可数）；be satisfied with对感到满意；to ones satisfaction(=to the satisfaction of sb.)使某人感到满意的是；with satisfaction满意地；satisfy/meet ones need满足某人的需求；23.spread oneself 舒展四肢；spread out张开；伸开；spread over遍布在；覆盖在；24.treat as把当作；treat sb./oneself to请某人；be under treatment在治疗中；treat sb. for诊治（过程）；cure sb. of治愈疾病（结果）；25.have sb in mind心里想着某人；have sth in mind心里想着某事；have sth on ones mind有心事；三、基本句型1. Here is a brief look at some of the exciting musical styles from around the world. Here comes the bus.2.if only + 句子（虚拟语气,与事实相反）要是就好了.与现在事实相反时，用 If only sb. did/were sth.I