大学英语综合教程教案Book 1 Unit 5.doc

Book One Unit FiveNew Words and Expressions in Text A:1. valentine: n. 情人 Saint Valentines Day: 圣瓦伦丁节，情人节（2月14日）2. straighten: v. (cause to) become straight or level (使)变直；(使)变平整, (使)变整齐-Women used to use a hot iron to straighten their hair.-The professor would straighten his tie before entering the classroom.-straighten your shoulders把肩膀挺直-straighten up your room把你的房间整理一下-straighten ones face板起面孔-en: suffix (Students Book, P.317) (注解“56”：broaden)3. make ones way: (+to/towards/into) go 到(某地)，(向某地)走去-Early in the morning the hunter made his way into the woods.-The old man slowly rose from his seat and made his way to the front of the bus.4. grand: a. 1) splendid in size or appearance宏伟的; 壮丽的; 盛大的-a grand view of sunrise日出的壮丽景色-living in grand style过豪华的生活-grand clothes 华丽的服装 2) impressive because of high moral or mental qualities崇高的，高贵的-Lincoln had a grand character. -grand ladies贵妇 3) full, complete完全的；总的-the grand total全部；总共 4) of most or greatest importance最重要的- the grand ballroom of a hotel 旅馆的主舞厅 5) wonderful or very pleasing 愉快的，令人非常高兴的-had a grand time度过美好时光5. absorb: vt. 1) (be absorbed in) completely hold the attention of (sb.); 完全吸引住的注意-I was so absorbed in the detective story that I jumped up when someone patted me on the back.-Totally absorbed in writing the computer software, Michael ordered take-out food when he was hungry, slept on the office floor when tired out. 2) take in吸收, 理解-I havent really had time to absorb everything that my teacher said in class.-The moon has a rough surface that absorbs most of the sunlight that strikes (到达) it.6. margin: n. (c) one or both sides of a page near the edge, where there is no writing or printing 页边空白-Chairman Mao had the habit of making notes in the margin of the books he was reading.-Some publishers make profits by printing books with wider margins and hence charging greater prices.- top margin【出版】书眉- bottom margin页脚, 书页下边空白7. handwriting: n. (u) 笔迹, 书法；手写稿- current handwriting草书体8. reflect: 1) vt. be a sign of, show 反映，显示，表达-Election results should reflect peoples opinions.-Rising prices may reflect the rise in demand for these goods.-Does this letter reflect how you really think?这封信是否表达了你真实的想法？-Baseball reflects Americas history. 棒球反映出美国的历史-Her work reflects intelligence. 她的工作显示出她的智慧 2) vt. (of surface) throw back (light, heat, sound); (of a mirror) send back an image of (指表面) 反射(光、热、声)；(指镜子) 反映的像-The sunlight was reflected from the water. 日光由水面反射出来-trees reflected in the lake-The pavement reflects heat on a hot day. 在热天里, 人行道反射热气。-A mirror reflects a picture of you when you look in it.当你照镜子时，镜子映出你的形象。3) vi. (+on/upon) consider; think on仔细考虑, 思考-He reflected before answering my question. 他在回答我的问题之前仔细考虑了一下。 4) (+sth. on/upon sb.) (of actions, results) bring (credit or discredit upon sb.) (指行动，结果) 带给(荣誉或玷污)-The results reflect the greatest credit upon all concerned. 这些 成绩带给所有有关人员最大的荣誉9. thoughtful: a. 1) (+of) thinking about what other people need体贴的, 考虑周到的-Its very thoughtful of you to warn before your arrival. 你来之 前先通知我，真是太细心体贴了。-a thoughtful friend 关心旁人的朋友-considerate: (+of) thoughtful (of the needs, etc, of others)为他人着想的，体谅的，体贴的-It was considerate of you not to play the piano while I was having a sleep. 2) (showing that one is) thinking deeply 深思的, 沉思的；深思熟虑的-Something is disturbing our daughter for she has never before looked so thoughtful.-a thoughtful essay一篇精心构思的文章-thoughtful looks沉思的表情10. insightful: a. 具有洞察力的insight: n. 1) (u) (+into sth.) understanding; power of seeing into sth. with the mind洞察力-a man of insight有洞察力的人 gain/have an insight into:了解, 熟悉; 看透, 识破 2) (c) (+into) (often sudden) perception, glimpse, or understanding 觉察，领悟，(尤指)顿悟-When he spoke, she had an unpleasant insight into what life would be like as his wife. 他说话时，她突然领悟到嫁给他以后的生活将多么令人不快。11. previous: a. (+to) happening or coming before or earlier 早先的，先前的-Without previous experience in teaching my chances of getting the job will be slim.-Previous to 1522 Nicaragua was occupied by a huge population of Indians.-She has two children from a previous marriage.-a day previous to Christmas圣诞节的前一天12. owner: n. a person who owns sth. 所有人, 业主，物主13. locate: vt. 1) find the exact position of 找到/确定的位置-An X-ray will help locate where your ring has gone in your dogs stomach.-Keep talking with him for five more seconds and I will locate the place he is calling from.2) (多用于：be located in) establish in a certain place; fix or put in a certain place使坐落于-Their factory is located at the foot of the mountain. 他们的工厂坐落在山脚下。-Apartments located away from the main road usually fetch higher prices than those near the road.-The top fashion designer located his flagship (王牌，佼佼者，同类中最重要的那个) store on Fifth Avenue in New York.14. correspond: vi. 1) (+with) exchange letters regularly通信-Even after becoming president, he still corresponds with his old friends personally instead of asking his secretary to do it.-Love grew between Lu Xun and Xu Guangping as they kept corresponding with each other. 2) (+to) be equal; be similar (in position, etc) 相等；(地位等)相似，相当，相配-The American Congress corresponds to the British Parliament.美国的Congress相当于英国的Parliament。 3) (+with) be in harmony (与)调和，符合-These goods dont correspond with my order. 这些货物与我的订货单不符。 correspondent: n. 1) person with whom one exchanges letters通信者-He is a good/bad correspondent. (=He writes regularly/ seldom.) 2) person regularly contributing local news or special articles to a newspaper 通讯记者(经常为报纸报道地方新闻或撰写特稿的人)-a foreign/war correspondent 国外/战地记者correspondence: (Students Book, P.37) n. 1) (u) the act of writing, receiving or sending letters (不可加s，但可加a，often followed by with +sb.) 通信（联系）-His interest in writing came from a long correspondence with a close college friend. be in correspondence with sb. 2) (u) the letters that sb. receives or sends信件-Mary really never mentions her step-mother in her correspondence.-Any further correspondence should be sent to my new address. 3) (c., u.) agreement; similarity相符,一致,相似-There is not much correspondence between their ideals and ours.15. overseas: ad., a. to or in another country 去(在)国外(的)，去(在)海外(的)-Many universities in China have conducted research in cooperation with universities and institutions overseas.-Spring Festival is coming and many Chinese are planning to go traveling overseas.-We are trying to build up overseas markets of our cars.16. fertile: a. 1) (of land) able to produce good crops肥沃的,富饶的-The fertile lowlands of Cuba produce coffee, sugarcane, tobacco and citrus fruit (柑橘类的水果).-Human civilizations first bloomed in fertile lands along big rivers. China is a case in point.-fertile land/fields/soil肥沃的土地/土壤 2) able to produce fruit, young; capable of developing能结果实的，能生育的，能生长的 3) (of a person, his mind, etc) full of ideas, plans, etc想象丰富的；富于创造的-a fertile imagination丰富的想象力-a fertile source of new ideas新思想的丰富源泉17. romance:n. love story; love affair爱情故事；风流的事18. bud:v. 发芽；萌芽 n.芽；蓓蕾19. haunt:vt. 1) make (sb.) worry or make (them) sad; come to mind continually使担忧，使苦恼，萦绕心头-I was haunted by his last words to me. 他向我说的最后的话萦绕在我的心头。- a riddle that haunted me all morning困扰我整个上午的谜语-Im haunted with gloomy thoughts and sad memories. 我常为悲观的思想和悲痛的追念所困扰。 2) (of ghosts) visit (a place) regularly (鬼魂)常出没于-The old castle is said to be haunted. 这座古堡据说有鬼魂出没/闹鬼。 3) visit often or frequent经常拜访；常去-He used to haunt the movie theaters.经常去电影院20. take a chance (on sth.): attempt to do sth. in spite of the possibility of failure: take a risk 碰运气；冒险-You take a chance on the weather if you spend you holiday in the UK.-I havent booked a ticket. Im taking a chance on the theater not being full.21. disgust: I) vt. cause a strong and often sick feeling of dislike使厌恶，使反感，令人作呕的-The thought of eating frogs disgusts me.-The bad fish had a disgusting smell.这条坏鱼有一股令人作呕的气味。-Were all disgusted at the way her husband has treated her.她的丈夫那样对待她,使我们都感到厌恶。 be disgusted at /by/with sb./sth.: 嫌, 讨厌, 唾弃, 对.作呕 II) (u) (+at sth./ with sb.) strong feeling of dislike or distaste (e. g. caused by a bad smell or taste, a horrible sight, evil conduct) 厌恶-He turned away in disgust.-His disgust at the governments policy caused him to resign. 22. schedule: 1) vt. (+sth.; +sb. to do sth.) arrange for sth. to happen or to be done at a particular time 安排；排定-I scheduled an appointment with my dentist for Friday.-The airline scheduled additional flights because of the holidays.-They have scheduled Eric to speak at three oclock in the afternoon. be scheduled to do sth.: -Chinese astronauts are scheduled to travel to outer space in the next few years.-It was scheduled to leave at two oclock. be scheduled for sth.: 定在某一天进行，定好要-A fireworks display is scheduled for New Years Eve.-His arrival is scheduled for Thursday.-Their departure was scheduled for 5:00 p. m. II) n. (c) a list or statement of things to be done, dealt with, etc.工作日程表，进度表, 时间表-The schools schedule is made up of 12 weeks of classroom instruction (课堂教学) and 12 weeks of paid work experience.-Secretaries are supposed to set up schedules for their bosses. according to schedule: 按日程表(进行) ahead of schedule: 提前23. lapel: n. (西服上衣的)翻领24. sustain: vt. 1) support emotionally; keep (an effort, etc) going; maintain 支持；使(努力等)持续下去，保持-sustain an argument/attempt支持一项议论/尝试-make an sustained effort 作不断的努力-Although they had been trapped in the cave for two days, they were sustained by the knowledge that help would come soon.-He was sustained by an unshakable belief in his own ability to overcome the difficulties.2) keep in existence; maintain继续生存；维持-sustaining food (food that gives strength) 维持体力的食物-food sufficient to sustain life足够维持生命的食物 3) support from below; keep from falling or sinking支撑, 承受住-Will this light shelf sustain (the weight of) all these books?这个轻便的书架承受得住所有这些书（的重量）吗？-The sea wall sustains the shock of the waves. 海堤能抵挡海浪的冲击。 4) experience or suffer; undergo蒙受, 遭受-sustained a fatal injury 遭受致命的伤害-sustain a defeat-sustain losses蒙受损失25. slim: a. 1) slender; 苗条的-Good race dogs weigh around 50 pounds and have long legs and slim builds (体格，体形).-The slim-waisted girl over there is a rising film star. 2) small 细小的，细微的-The chances of the Chinese Mens Football Team winning the World Cup are slim.-The single mother supported her two kids with her slim waitresss income.26. blonde: a., n. (woman) having fair or yellow hair 金发的(女郎)27. curl: n. 卷发28. delicate: a. 1) fine, well-formed; pleasing to the senses精美的, 愉悦于感官的-a delicate flavor精美的口味-a delicate violin passage优雅的小提琴乐章- delicate china精美的瓷器-More and more people prefer to live in the suburbs because of the delicate air.-The winner in the contest will be awarded a delicate violin.-The painter did several delicate, closely observed animal paintings. 2) soft, tender柔软的，娇嫩的-Only the gentlest creams are fit for a babys delicate skin.-as delicate as silk 3) easily broken or damaged 易损坏的：易损的；易破碎的-a delicate glass容易破碎的玻璃杯 4) requiring tactful treatment 微妙的，棘手的, 要求处理手段圆滑的-a delicate situation微妙的局势-a delicate subject微妙的主题 5) frail in constitution or health体弱的，易病的；娇弱的；体质差的-in delicate health 身体娇弱的-a delicate child瘦弱的小孩 6) (of colors) soft; not strong (颜色)柔和的，淡的，- delicate colors柔和的颜色29. chin: n. 下巴，颏(ke) keep ones chin up：口不灰心, 振作起来, 不泄气30. provocative:a. 挑逗的；挑衅的31. curve: I) v. (使)弯曲-The river curves round the town. 河水环绕市镇-The river curved round the hill. 河流绕山而过。-The road curved to the right. 道路向右转弯了。 II) 弯，曲；曲线，弧线-The driver of a car should not take curves at high speed. 在高速下拐弯 -a curve in the road道路的拐弯处32. go sbs way: go in sb.s direction 朝某人走去-Im going your way. May I give you a ride?-I wasnt sure whether he was going my way or not, so I decided to go home by myself.33. sailor: n. 水手，海员；航海者34. murmur: v. 轻声说，咕哝35. gray: v. (使)变成灰色36. tuck: vt. 把塞进(某处)37. more than a little: very 很，非常-If you tell your father what you have done, hell be more than a little angry.-The child was more than a little excited to have Michael Jordan sign his T-shirt.38. overweight: a. too fat or heavy 过胖的，超重的39. ankle: n. 踝；踝节部40. thrust: (p.p.: thrust) v. put suddenly or with great strength挤入；插入；猛推-After quarrelling with her husband, Nora thrust a few personal things into a suitcase and left home.-Hamlet thought he had thrust the sword into his uncles heart, but instead he killed his girlfriends father. -He thrust his hands into his pockets.-We had to thrust our way through the crowd. 挤过人群-He has thrust himself into a well-paid position. (=He obtained a well-paid job by ruthless methods.) 他不择手段取得一个待遇优厚的工作-thrust a person into the car把某人推进汽车里-thrust ones head out of a window将头伸出窗外 thrust sth. upon sb.：将某事强加于某人41. heel: n. (鞋、袜等的)后根；脚后跟，踵(zhong)-wear high heels穿高跟鞋-Theres a hole in the heel of my stocking. 我袜后跟有一个洞。 at/on ones heels紧跟在后；紧追某人 cool/kick ones heels久等；空等 turn on ones heel急转身 under sb.s heel在（某人）掌握中 take to (ones) heels: run away; flee逃走；滑脚溜走42. split: I) v. (p.p.: split) (+into) (cause to) break into two or more parts 裂开；破裂, 分开，分离-The U.S. Department of Justice tries to split Microsoft into three separate companies.-The old man used an axe to split the logs into firewood.-His trousers split when he sat down.当他坐下时,裤子被撕开了-My head is splitting. (=I have a splitting headache.) 我头疼欲裂。 split away/off (from): 脱落下来，分裂出去 split up: (不及) 1) 分成小组-The crowd split (up) into several groups. 群众分成数帮。 2) 离婚，分居，(朋友)断绝关系- They split up after a year of marriage. 他们结婚一年后离婚了 split with sb.: 和分手，和离婚-split with a friend over differences in opinion因观点不同而和朋友分手决裂 split hair: 吹毛求疵，为小事争论 split the difference: 通过折衷解决分歧，各让一半 II) n. (c) 1) 裂口，裂缝-a split in his trousers裤子上的一个口子 2) separation or division分歧；不和; 内讧-a split in the Labor Party in a split second:一眨眼的时间, 不到一秒钟, 刹那43. keen: a. 1) (of interest, feelings, etc.) strong; deep 强烈的；热切的-From his childhood on, the later famous writer has had a keen interest in observing people.-Barbara watched her husband dancing with the slim girl in red with keen jealousy. 2) (+on/about; +to do sth.) interested; eager-She is out of hospital and keen to get back to work.-Two thirds of the women students in my class are keen on soccer.3) (of points, and edges) sharp 锋利的, 锐利的-a knife with a keen edge-（fig.）a keen (=cutting) wind 刺骨的风-（fig.）a keen sarcasm尖刻的讽刺4) (of the mind, the senses) active; sensitive; sharp (心智，感官) 敏捷的，敏锐的-keen sight敏锐的视力-a keen intelligence 敏锐的智力44. longing: n. earnest desire 渴望long for: (+sth.; +sb. to do sth.) want sb. or sth. very much-The old woman longed for her daughter to visit her on her 80th birthday instead of just sending her a check.-Juliet longed for Romeos love so much that she was willing to die for him.45. companion: I) vt. spend time or go somewhere with (sb.) 陪伴 II) n. (c) 1) person who goes with, or is often or always with, another伴侣；同伴; 同行者-a traveling companion (= a companion on the journey) 旅伴-He was my only Chinese companion during my stay in Australia. 他是我在澳大利亚期间的唯一的中国伙伴。-companions in arms战友-companion volume姐妹篇-the Gardeners Companion园艺手册-a Teachers Companion to .教师用.参考书-a Travelers Companion旅行指南 make a companion of与.作伴， 与.为友-company: (u) being together with another or others 伴随，陪伴 be good/ excellent/ bad/ poor company: be a good/ excellent/ bad/ poor companion与人很/不很合得来的同伴 for company: to provide companionship 陪伴-Ill go with you to the station for company.我将陪伴你到车站 keep sb. company/ keep company with sb.: be or go with sb. 给某人作伴，陪伴 in company (with): 和某人一道，陪伴-We went in company.-He came in company with a group of boys. in sb.s company/ in the company of sb.: 和某人一道-She was shy in the company of strangers. 2) person with similar tastes, interests, etc. 志趣相投者-His brother is not much of a companion for him. 他兄弟与他情趣不甚相投。 3) one of a pair or set of things; a mate 成套物件之一；一对中的一个-Heres the glove for my left hand but wheres the companion? 这里是我左手的手套, 可是右手的在哪里呢?46. uphold: vt. 1) support 支持，维护; 维持-uphold a right维护权利-The judge upheld the lower courts decision. 法官维持下级法院的判决。 2) hold aloft; raise举起；升起, 高高举起-upheld the banner proudly骄傲地把条幅高高举起 3) prevent from falling or sinking; support撑起(防止摔倒或沉溺)；支撑47. sensible: a. 1) showing or having good sense；reasonable; practical通情达理的, 理智的, 明智的；有判断力的; 实用的-Youve made a sensible decision by not wearing high-heeled shoes while driving.-a sensible person通情达理的人-sensible shoes for mountain climbing 适合爬山的鞋子-sensible clothes (functional, not merely for appearance or ornament)实用的衣服 2) (+of) aware of 可感觉的; 能注意到的; 觉察的-He is sensible of the danger of his position.他发觉他处境危险。48. glow: I) n. (sing.