译林版高中英语必修四教案：：Unit 3 Tomorrow’s World Reading.doc

u3 tomorrows world学案reading第一部分：重点讲解1. not only will he or she feel every step of climbing mount qomolangma, but the user will also experience the cold, smells, sights and the sounds of the . 使用者不仅能感觉到攀登珠穆郎玛峰的每一步的艰辛,还能感觉到周围环境的寒冷,疲、气味、景观和声音；到达顶峰时， 他们将会享受到一种愉悦感和成就感。含有否定意义的副词或连词放在句首时 句子要倒装。例如：never before have we seen such a sight.little did i think that he could be back alive.not until new years day shall i give you a gift.not only was everything that he had taken away from him, but also his german citizenship.常用否定词有： never, not, hardly, scarcely, seldom, little, not until, not onlybut also, no soonerthan, hardly (scarcely)when等。一般主句用部分倒装结构。2. a sense of achievement upon reaching the top. upon/on +n./doing: as soon as sb. does sth. 一就on my arrival, i went to see my former teacher.=as soon as i arrived,on hearing the scream, all rushed out to see what was happening.=as soon as they heard the scream, all rushed out to see what was happening.upon your arrival (= as soon as you arrive), please report to the reception desk.3 in reality,he is disabled and can no longer walk, (p43)reality n. 1 s or u the state of things as they are, rather than as they are imagined to be:the reality of the situation is that unless we find some new funding soon, the youth centre will have to close.he escaped from reality by going to the cinema every afternoon.he seemed very young, but he was in reality (= in fact) older than all of us.she gives the impression of being generous, but in reality she is a very selfish woman.he was in reality penniless.他实际上身无分文。he was not angry, in reality, he was satisfied.2 c a fact:the book confronts the harsh social and political realities of the world today.her childhood ambition became a reality (= happened in fact) when she was made a judge.objective reality 客观实在 confront reality 正视现实change reality 变革现实 virtual reality 虚拟现实sugar up reality 粉饰现实 to escape from reality 逃避现实negate reality; 否认现实； translate an ideal into reality 把理想变为现实describe a scene with reality 逼真地描写情景 translate ideas into reality. 将思想变成行动free in reality as well as in name 名副其实的自由4 besides this, vr can be used to practise skills in a secure.besides adv. & prep. in addition to; also除之外还（包括在内的除外）, 如同plus(+)they all went there besides tom. 除汤姆去了以外，他们也都去了。besides half a bottle of whisky, he drank three gins and some beer.do you play any other sports besides football and basketball?she wont mind your being late - besides, its hardly your fault.i dont like the color of the dress. besides, its too expensive.except prep. & conj. not including; but not除之外（不包括在内的除外）, 如同minus(-)c.f.: except, except forexcept：表示除外时，注重客观描述except for：表示除外时，除外部分往往是不同范畴，强调主观情感，常译为：要是就好了；只是； 就只they all went there except tom. 他们都去了，只有汤姆没去。i like all drinks except whisky. (i dont like whisky.)all the essays are well written except johns.the museum is open daily except monday(s).the government has few options except to keep interest rates high.in this world, nothing can be said to be certain, except death and taxes. its cool and quiet everywhere except in the kitchen. the essay is well written except for a few spelling mistakes. everyone was there except for sally. there is nothing to indicate the buildings past, except (for) the fireplace.he is a good man except for hot temper.they look very similar except that one is a little taller.tundra cant hold still, except when she is interested in the camera.these attacks happen less and less frequently except that she just had one yesterday after not having one for about 3 months. she knows that she should not eat foods that are very fat or fried foods.exception n. c or u someone or sth. that is not included in a rule, group or list or that does not behave in the expected way:men are usually quite good at map-reading but tim is the exception.there are exceptions to every rule.i like all kinds of films with the exception of (= but not) horror films.her books are always entertaining and this one is no exception.you must report here every tuesday without exception.but (except) prep. & conj. except:eventually, all but one of them promised to come to his leaving party.hes anything but violent (= not violent in any way).id have crashed the car but for your warning.this is the last episode but one (= one before the last) of this drama serial.shes one of those guests who does nothing but complain.this car has been nothing but trouble - its always breaking down!5.for example, firefighters firefighters could use realcine to train safely,without the risk of getting injured in a burning building. (p43)risk n. 1 c or u the possibility of sth. bad happening, possibility or chance of meeting danger, suffering, loss, injury, etc: 冒险，风险if you listen to me, there will not be much risk of losing money.如果你听我的，就不会有什么损失钱的风险。in this business, the risks and the rewards are high.theres a high risk of another accident happening in this fog.+ (that) the risk (that) we might fail made us work twice as hard.+ ing form of verb its always a risk starting up a new business.the company is quite a good risk (= safe to lend money to).we want clean rivers and lakes, where you can swim without risk to your health.its a low/high-risk strategy (= one that is safe/not safe).2. c sth. bad that might happen:a health risk 健康隐患this wire is a safety/fire risk.his employers thought he was a security risk (= he might tell their secrets to a competitor).risk vt. 1 to do sth. although there is a chance of a bad result:its dangerous to cross here. ill just have to risk it.+ ing form of verb he risked losing his house when his company went bankrupt.2 if you risk sth. important, you cause it to be in a dangerous situation where you might lose it:im not risking my life in that old car.he risked life and limb to get the cat down from the tree.she was prepared to risk everything on a last throw of the dice. high-risk adj. before noun involving a greater than usual amount of risk:only people who can afford to lose their money should make high-risk investments.at risk: in a dangerous situation:all houses within 100 metres of the seas are at risk of flooding.at the risk of doing sth: used before you say sth. that may seem offensive or stupid:at the risk of seeming rude, im afraid i have to leave now.at the risk of sounding stupid, how do i send this email?run/take a risk: to do sth. you know might be dangerous冒险dont take any risks - just ring the police.at any risk =at all risks 无论冒什么危险，无论如何 he always does what he wants to do at any risk. at/run/take the risk of 冒着的危险 he saved the little girl at the risk of his life.to get the medicine, he climbed up the mountain at the risk of falling down.第二部分：练习1. not until the early years of the 19th century _what heat is. a. man did know b. man knew c. didnt man know d. did man know2. not until i began to work _ how much time i had wasted.a. didnt i realize b. did i realize c. i didnt realize d. i realized3. not until all the fish died in the river, _ how serious the pollution was.a. did the villagers realize b. the villagers realizedc. the villagers did realize d. didnt the villagers realize4. never before _ in greater need of modern public transport than it is today. a. has this city been b. this city has been c. was this city d. this city was 5. only after my friend came .a. did the computer repairb. he repaired the computerc. was the computer repairedd. the computer was repaired6. what shall we use for power when all the oil in the world has _?a. given out b. put out c. held up d. used up 7. dont mention that at the beginning of the story, or it may _ the shocking ending.a. give away b. give out c. give up d. give off8. you can take anything from the shelf and read, but please _the book when youve finished with them.a. put on b. put down c. put back d. put off9. the forest guards often find campfires that have not been _