译林版高中英语选修7学案：Unit4 Publictransport SectionⅢ Word版含解析.doc

unit 4public transportsection task & project一、阅读project a中的材料，回答下列问题1who have responsibilities to prevent accidents?adrivers.bpedestrians.cpolicemen. deveryone.2we should do the following things except _.aspeaking on the mobile phone while drivingbbeing patient in a traffic jamcwalking across the road on a crossingdobeying traffic lights二、阅读project a中的材料，完成下列表格(每空一词) title：causes of road accidentsdrivers not paying attentionwhen driver dont pay attention to surrounding traffic，they are not 1 when another driver does something wrong.drivers getting annoyed in a traffic jammany drivers pushing into other lanes of traffic or passing other cars can easily cause 2.drivers speaking on mobile phonesspeaking on the mobile phone requires a person to 3 and takes a drivers attention from the road.drinking and drivingdrivers who drive after consuming alcoholic drinks are 4 the law and risking their own lives as well as the lives of others.drivers speedingdriving too fast through city streets is very 5.cyclists not paying attentionmany cyclists fail to pay attention to the cars that surround them，and often ride too close to cars to allow them space and time to 6.riding bicycles on the pavementcycling on the pavement can be dangerous.cyclists should 7 next to their bicycles to avoid causing any accidents.cyclists carrying a passengercarrying more than a light load on your bicycle makes it difficult to control.this lack of control is an 8 to accidents.bicycles without lightsmany accidents are caused at night because a 9 cannot be seen.bicycles in need of repairoften 10 dont work properly or tyres are so old that the bicycle cannot stop in time.pedestrians crossing the road in the wrong waypedestrians should always cross the road on a crossing，and should never 11 across the road.ignoring traffic lightstraffic lights are there to 12 traffic in a reasonable way.we should all obey traffic lights.1newsflash：a new service has just opened between beijing and dalian and this has speeded up travel between the two cities.(page 59)快讯：北京至大连刚刚开通了一条新的线路，从而加速了两市之间的旅行速度。speed vt.& vi.加速；超速n. 速度the car sped along the road towards the village.汽车沿公路朝那个村庄疾驰而去。the drugs will speed her recovery.这些药会加快她的康复(速度)。the train began to pick up speed.火车开始加速。pick up speedspeed up加速at full speed全速(行驶)at the speed of .以的速度at speed 高速地with all the speed全速(行驶)完成句子1)火车很快加速了。the train soon _ _.2)警察逮住他超速行驶了。the police caught him _.3)他以每小时50千米的速度行驶。he drives _ _ _ _ 50 kilometres an hour.2the floods washed away soil along the road.part of the road is still under repair.(page 59)洪水沿着这条道路冲走了泥土。部分路段正在修理中。under repair 在修理中you have to go another way；this road is still under repair.你得走另一条路，这条路正在修理中。under可意为“在中，在期间”，表示在某种状态下或在某种过程中。相关的短语还有：under discussion 在讨论中；under treatment在治疗中；under debate 正在争论中；under construction 在建设中；under consideration 在考虑中；under attack 受到攻击；under control 在控制中单项填空the shop is closed temporarily because the road is _.aunder repairbbeyond repaircin good repair din bad repair3sometimes the slow ferries are not very punctual and there may be long delays.(page 59)有时这些慢船并不是那么准时可能有很长时间的延误。punctual adj.准时的，守时的i expect you to be punctual for meetings.我希望你准时到会。we can not guarantee the punctual arrival of trains in foggy weather.雾天我们不能保证火车准点到达。the chinese are always punctual.中国人历来是十分守时的。完成句子1)不守时是他最大的缺点。not _ _ is his greatest shortcoming.单项填空2)he was rejected for the job vacancy because he couldnt be _even for the interview.aresponsiblebbeneficialcpunctual dregular4the number of road accidents and the deaths arising from those accidents has increased over the past year.(page 62，lines 12)在过去的一年里，道路事故的数量及由此造成的死亡人数均有所增长。1)arise vi. 出现，产生the problem may not arise，but theres no harm in keeping our powder dry.问题不一定会发生，但有备无患并无害处。unexpected difficulties arose in the course of their experiment.在他们进行实验的过程中，产生了意想不到的困难。before they could start a mist arose.在他们动身前，起了雾。(1)arise from/out of 起因于，由引起her injuries arose out of a road accident.她的伤是由交通事故引起的。(2)arouse vt. 激起；唤醒arouse (ones) interest/curiosity/sympathy/suspicion 激起(某人的)兴趣/好奇心/同情/怀疑2)increase v& n增加；增长；增进there is a steady increase in temperature.气温持续升高。travelling increases ones knowledge of the world.旅游增进了人对世界的了解。he increased the size of his farm year by year.他逐年扩大了他的农场规模。(1)increase by .意为“增加了”，表示比原来多了(多少)；increase to .意为“增加到”，表示增加后的数目。the number of the students in our class has increased by 10 to 60.我们班的学生人数增加了十人，达到了60人。(2)表示“某物正在增加”用an/the increase in，其中的in不能用of。the increase in crime is accelerating.犯罪案件的增长正在加快。on the increase不断增加；正在增大中反义词：on the decrease在减少中is your production on the decrease?你们的产量在减少吗？单项填空1)let me know if any difficulties _.acomebarisecrise darouse完成句子2)犯罪正在增加。crime is _ _ _.3)与去年相比，我们的煤产量增加了三倍。compared with last year，our coal output has _ _ three times.4)去年开支有所增长。there was _ _ _ spending last year.5we must all be aware of the potential causes of traffic accidents .(page 62，line 4)我们都必须清楚造成交通事故的潜在原因cause n. 原因；理由；事业；起因v. 引起what was the cause of the fire?火灾是怎样引起的？police are investigating the causes of the explosion.警方正在调查爆炸的原因。smoking is one of the causes of heart disease.吸烟是引起心脏病的一种病因。people fight for the cause of peace and freedom.人们为了自由和和平事业而斗争。she is never absent from work without good cause.她从来没有无故缺勤。what caused him to quit his job?是什么原因使他辞职的？(1)辨析：cause，excuse与reasona reason explains why you do something.也就是说，reason是解释做某事的原因，常与for连用。cause 是某事发生的起因，常与of连用。excuse 是为了避免责咎而设法为自己的过错辩解，意为“借口，理由”。(2)cause sb.to do sth.使某人做某事完成句子1)警察正在调查火灾的原因。the police are working on the _ _ the fire.2)你给我带来了很多麻烦。you have _ _ _ _ _ _.3)是他对知识的渴望使他踏上了这次探险之旅。it was his appetite for knowledge that _ _ _ go on this adventure.6when drivers do not pay attention to surrounding traffic，they are not ready when another driver does something wrong，like turning without signalling or giving wrong signals.(page 62，lines 1012)如果司机不注意周围的交通状况，当另一位司机操作有误时，如未给出信号或给出了错误的信号就转向时，那么这些司机就没做好准备。这是一个复合句，文中出现了两个when；第一个when引导的从句表示条件，第二个when引导时间状语从句。press the button when there is a fire.如果发生火灾，就按下这个按钮。i was about to leave when the telephone rang.我正准备离开时，电话响了。when的其他用法：(1)引导让步状语从句，多位于句中，意为“然而，可是，虽然”。i need ten days to finish the work when i only have five.我需要十天才能完成这份工作，可我只有五天的时间。(2)引导原因状语从句，意为“考虑到，既然”。why are you looking for a new job when you have got one?既然你已有工作了，为什么还在找新的呢？单项填空1)where is the report?i brought it to you _ you were in mr blacks office yesterday.aifbwhencbecausedbefore2)how can you expect to learn anything _ you never listen?ain case beven ifcunless dwhen7recently the number of people fined for speaking on their mobile phones while driving has increased by 30 per cent.(page 62，lines 1618)近来，因驾车时用手机打电话而被罚款的司机人数增加了30%。fine vt.处以罚金n罚金he was fined for speeding.他因超速而被罚款。the driver paid a fine of 100 yuan.这个司机交了100元罚金。fine adj.美好的；优良的；晴朗的；(身体)很好的。my teacher has a fine character.我的老师有着良好的品质。youll have some fine new clothes tomorrow.你明天会有一些漂亮的新衣服。how are you?你身体好吗？fine，thank you.非常好，谢谢。单项填空the policeman stopped him when he was driving，and _ him for speeding.awarnedbblamedcfineddattacked8if you drive after you have consumed alcoholic drinks or are drunk，you are violating the law and risking your own life as well as the lives of others.(page 62，lines 2022)如果你酒后开车或醉酒驾驶，那么你就是在违犯法律并且危及自己和他人的生命。1)consume vt.大吃大喝；消耗，花费the kids soon consumed all the food on the table.孩子们一会儿工夫便把桌上的食品全部吃光了。each year americans consume a high percentage of the worlds energy.每年美国人都消耗掉很大比例的世界能源。she consumed most of her time in reading.她把大部分时间都花在读书上。派生词：consumption n消费；消耗these products are for domestic consumption.这些是供国内消费的产品。i always take fuel consumption into consideration when buying a car.我买汽车时总要把燃油消耗量考虑在内。2)violate vt.违犯，违反；侵犯im committed not to violate the rules.我有义务不违反规定。dr thomas was condemned for violating medical ethics.托马斯大夫因违背医德而受到谴责。they violate the law repeatedly.他们屡次违犯法律。同义句转换(每空一词)1)the food and drinks are for our consumption on the trip.we want to _ the food and drinks on the trip.完成句子2)这个国家违反了国际协议。the country _ the international agreement.9bicycles in need of repair(page 63，line 48)需要修理的自行车in need(of)需要；缺少tom got/was hurt in the game and in need of help.汤姆在比赛中受伤了，需要帮助。(1)there is no need to do sth.没有必要做某事meet/satisfy ones needs 满足某人的需要(2)与in need of有相同结构的短语有：in memory of 为了纪念in want of 需要in celebration of 庆祝in honour of 向表示敬意；为了纪念in favour of 赞同；支持；有利于in search of 寻找a party was given in honour of his birthday.为祝贺他的生日举行了一次聚会。(3)in need 在困难中；穷困most of the people in africa are in great need.非洲的大多数人生活非常困难。同义句转换1)he doesnt need money for the moment.he _ _ _ _ money for the moment.句子翻译2)the doctor told me i was b