译林版高中英语选修8学案：句型剖析 Unit1　.doc

二、句型剖析1.否定前置【典型例句】we dont think theres anything interesting in your pictures.我们认为你的画并没有什么有趣的地方。i dont believe what he said is true.我认为他说的不是真话。i dont suppose they will object to my suggestion.我料想他们不会反对我的建议。i didnt imagine that she would go abroad.我料想她不会出国了。【知识小结】英语中有些动词如：think,believe,expect,imagine suppose等，当它们后面接一个具有否定意义的宾语从句时，通常把主句的动词变为否定式，而宾语从句的谓语动词用肯定形式，这种现象称为否定前置。【相关链接】注意：（1）这种句式的反意疑问句：若陈述部分是第一人称，反意疑问句部分需与从句中的主语和谓语保持一致，否则要与主句的主语和谓语保持一致。i dont think its going to rain tomorrow,is it?you dont think i have made mistakes,do you?（2）特殊疑问词+do you think/believe/suppose（插入语）+疑问句的其他部分（陈述语序）what do you suppose happened to him?你猜想他出了什么事？what do you think i have bought for you?你猜我为你买了什么？活学巧用1.单项填空（1）he doesnt think she is as beautiful as his wife,_?a.is sheb.isnt shec.does hed.does she提示:因为主句主语是第三人称，所以反意疑问句与主句保持一致。答案:c（2）who do you suggest _there?a.should sentb.be sentc.sentd.to send提示：“i suggest he(should)be sent there.”就“he”画线提问，即可得到b答案。答案：b（3）_is the richest man in our country?a.whom do you thinkb.who do you thinkc.do you think whod.who you think提示：因主句中缺少主语，故用who；do you think为插入语，后故用陈述句语序。答案：b（4）we are often asked _the possible results will be.a.what we thinkb.that we thinkc.what do we thinkd.who you think答案：a2.would rather dothan do宁愿而不【典型例句】she would rather stay at home than go shopping.她宁愿待在家里也不愿去购物。【相关链接】（1）“宁愿而不愿”的表达（2）would rather sb.did sth.（would rather后的从句要用虚拟语气常用过去时态）i would rather you told me the news now.我宁愿你现在告诉我这个消息。活学巧用2.单项填空（1）to enjoy the scenery,mary would rather spend long hours on the train_travel by air.a.asb.toc.thand.while答案:c（2）rather than _on a crowded bus,he always prefers _a bicycle.a.ride;rideb.riding;ridec.ride;to rided.to ride;riding答案:c（3）i would rather you _me now.a.paidb.payc.will payd.are paying提示：would rather后的从句往往采用虚拟语气,一般用过去时。答案：a3.过去分词作状语【典型例句】born a free man,he was now in chains.(though he was born)他生来是自由人，现在却戴上了镣铐。（表让步）united,we stand;divided,we fall.(if we are united)(表条件)团结则存，分裂则亡。having been shown around the library,we came to the classroom building.(after we were shown around)参观了图书馆后，我们来到了教学楼前。（表时间）once seen,it can never be forgotten.(once it is seen)一旦被看见，就永远不能忘记。【知识小结】过去分词作状语可表时间、地点、原因、条件、让步、伴随等情况，这种过去分词相当于一个状语从句，其句子的主语和分词之间有被动关系。活学巧用3.单项填空（1）when first _to the market,these products enjoyed a great success.a.introducingb.introducedc.introduced.being introduced答案:b（2）_by the beauty of nature,the girl from london decided to spend another two days on the farm.a.attractingb.attractedc.to be attractedd.having attracted提示：“因为被自然的美景所吸引，女孩决定再呆两天。”过去分词作状语，相当于原因状语从句。答案:b（3）unless_to speak,you should remai