动词-ing形式作状语.doc

词-ing形式作状语 动词-ing形式作状语可以修饰谓语动词或整个句子，表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式、伴随或补充。1表示时间:动词-ing形式作时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句句首或句末Turning around, she saw a car driving up.=When she turned around, she saw a car driving up. 她转过身，看见一辆车朝她开来。2表示原因:表示原因的动词-ing形式一般置于句首，相当于一个原因状语句句首句中或句末 Being ill, he could not walk any further.=As he was ill, he could not walk any further. 因为疲倦，他不能再往前走了。3表示结果:动词-ing形式作状语表示一种必然的结果，可扩展为一个含有并列谓语的简单句句末 The fire lasted nearly a month, leaving nothing valuable.=The fire lasted nearly a month, and left nothing valuable.大火持续了近一个月，几乎没剩下什么值钱的东西。4表示条件：动词-ing形式作条件状语，相当于一个条件状语从句句首 Being more careful，you can make fewer mistakes.=If you are more careful, you can make fewer mistakes.更细心点，你就会少犯错误。5表示让步动词-ing形式作让步状语，相当于一个让步状语从句句首 Knowing all this, they made me pay for the damage.=Although they knew all this, they made me pay for the damage.尽管知道了一切情况，他们还是要我赔偿损失。6表示方式、伴随或补充说明：动词-ing形式表示行为方式、伴随情况或补充说明，可以扩展成为一个并列成分句末 I stood by the door, not daring to say a word.=I stood by the door, and did not dare to say a word. 我站在门旁，不敢说一句话。He was walking along the street, looking this way and that.=He was walking along the street, and looked this way and that. 他在街上走着，左顾右盼。特别提醒1从属连词+动词-ing形式作状语为了使动词-ing形式作状语所表达的时间、条件、让步等意思更加明确，可在动词-ing形式前加上适当的连词(when, while, if，though，unless, even if等)。例如：1.Dont talk while having dinner.吃饭时不要说话。2.Once losing this chance, you cant easily find it.一旦失去这次机会你就很难找回。特别提醒2 要避免无依着(无逻辑主语)动词-ing形式动词-ing形式作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致,如果状语与主语不一致，可给从句加上主语，变成主从复合句。【错误】While reading the book, the telephone rang.【正确】While she was reading the book, the telephone rang. 她看书的时候，电话铃响了。（reading的动作不是the telephone发出）【错误】Looking out through the window, the garden was beautiful.【正确】Looking out through the window, we found a beautiful garden.从窗户里，我们看见一个漂亮的花园。（looking的动作不是garden发出）特别提醒3 独立动词-ing形式作状语英语中有些动词-ing形式，如generally speaking, judging from，c*idering, talking of，supposing等，它们作状语时的逻辑主语可以和句子的主语不一致。这种形式已经成为固定的用法。例如：Supposing he is ill, who will do the work? 假如他病了，谁来做这工作呢？Generally speaking, boys are more interested in science than girls.一般来说，男孩比女孩对科学更感兴趣。词-ing形式作状语考点聚焦 动词-ing形式作状语可以修饰谓语动词或整个句子，表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式、伴随或补充。1表示时间:动词-ing形式作时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句句首或句末Turning around, she saw a car driving up.=When she turned around, she saw a car driving up. 她转过身，看见一辆车朝她开来。2表示原因:表示原因的动词-ing形式一般置于句首，相当于一个原因状语从句句首句中或句末 Being ill, he could not walk any further.=As he was ill, he could not walk any further. 因为疲倦，他不能再往前走了。3表示结果:动词-ing形式作状语表示一种必然的结果，可扩展为一个含有并列谓语的简单句句末 The fire lasted nearly a month, leaving nothing valuable.=The fire lasted nearly a month, and left nothing valuable.大火持续了近一个月，几乎没剩下什么值钱的东西。4表示条件：动词-ing形式作条件状语，相当于一个条件状语从句句首 Being more careful, you can make fewer mistakes.=If you are more careful, you can make fewer mistakes. 更细心点，你就会少犯错误。5表示让步动词-ing形式作让步状语，相当于一个让步状语从句句首 Knowing all this, they made me pay for the damage.=Although they knew all this, they made me pay for the damage.尽管知道了一切情况，他们还是要我赔偿损失。6表示方式、伴随或补充说明：动词-ing形式表示行为方式、伴随情况或补充说明，可以扩展成为一个并列成分句末 I stood by the door, not daring to say a word.=I stood by the door, and did not dare to say a word.我站在门旁，不敢说一句话。He was walking along the street, looking this way and that.=He was walking along the street, and looked this way and that. 他在街上走着，左顾右盼。特别提醒1从属连词+动词-ing形式作状语为了使动词-ing形式作状语所表达的时间、条件、让步等意思更加明确，可在动词-ing形式前加上适当的连词(when, while, if，though，unless, even if等)。例如：1.Dont talk while having dinner.吃饭时不要说话。2.Once losing this chance, you cant easily find it.一旦失去这次机会你就很难找回。特别提醒2 要避免无依着(无逻辑主语)动词-ing形式动词-ing形式作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致,如果状语与主语不一致，可给从句加上主语，变成主从复合句。【错误】While reading the book, the telephone rang.【正确】While she was reading the book, the telephone rang. 她看书的时候，电话铃响了。（reading的动作不是the telephone发出）【错误】Looking out through the window, the garden was beautiful.【正确】Looking out through the window, we found a beautiful garden.从窗户里，我们看见一个漂亮的花园。（looking的动作不是garden发出）特别提醒3 独立动词-ing形式作状语英语中有些动词-ing形式，如generally speaking, judging from，c*idering, talking of，supposing等，它们作状语时的逻辑主语可以和句子的主语不一致。这种形式已经成为固定的用法。例如：Supposing he is ill, who will do the work? 假如他病了，谁来做这工作呢？Generally speaking, boys are more interested in science than girls.一般来说，男孩比女孩对科学更感兴趣。l 注意：a. 动词-ing形式作状语，当句子的谓语动词和动词-ing形式的动词所表动作在时间上几乎同时发生时，用doing作状语，；若动词-ing形式动作发生在句子谓语动词所表示的动作之前，用其完成时having done 作状语，；动词-ing形式的否定形式为：not doing 或者not having done，。b. 有一些固定的动词-ing形式作状语，这就是独立成分，。c. 当句子主语和动词-ing形式的主语不一致时，则不可省略动词-ing形式的主语。这时可用独立主格结构，即：带有逻辑主语的动词-ing形式作状语；或者用wit