学北师大必修一Unit 2HeroesLesson 2History Makers单元学案（14页）.doc

2018学年度北师大必修一unit 2heroeslesson 2history makers单元学案.重点单词1.revolution n.革命2.opinion n.意见，看法，主张3.struggle n.斗争，拼搏4.protest n.抗议5.march vi.& n.行军；游行示威6.found v.建立，创立foundation n.建立，创立7.personally adv.就自己而言personal adj.个人的，私人的8.equal adj.平等的equally adv.平等地.核心短语1.in_my_opinion在我看来2.fight_for 为而战斗3.make_a_speech 发表演讲4.begin/start with 从开始5.judge by 从判断6.agree with 同意.经典句式1.if_possible，try to guess the answer.如果可能，设法猜出答案。2.in 1849，she became the first woman ever to_receive_medical_degree in the usa.1849年她成为首位在美国获得医学学位的女性3.jane goodall has spent nearly forty years studying_animals in the national park of gombi in tanzania.珍妮古道尔在坦桑尼亚的贡贝国家公园花费了将近四十年时间研究动物。1.person 一家人person n.人personally adv. 就个人而言personality n. 个性personnel n. 全体人员2.不规则动词小结findfound(建立)founded(过去式)lielay(放；搁置)laid(过去式)1.found vt.建立，创立(sun yatsen) led the 1911 revolution and founded the first republic of china.(教材p24)(孙中山)领导了1911年的(辛亥)革命，建立了中国第一个共和国。found sth on/upon sth把建立在上foundation n. 创建；创办；基础founder n. 创建者；创办者；创始人they founded(found) a primary school in a rural area.他们在农村创办了一所小学。a good relationship has to be founded on/upon trust.良好的关系必须建立在信任的基础上。名师点津found的过去式和过去分词都是founded。2.personally adv.就自己而言；亲自i agree with you，but personally i think martin luther king is also quite important，because.(教材p24)我同意你的看法，但就个人而言，我认为马丁路德金同样很重要，因为(1)personally speaking 就个人而言(2)personal adj. 个人的，私人的personal affairs/opinions/life 私事/个人意见/私生活(3)personality n. 性格，个性；人物，名人personally(personal) speaking，i didnt intend to stop your marriage.就个人而言，我当时并不想阻止你们的婚姻。please leave us alonewe have something personal to discuss.请让我们单独在一起我们有点私事要谈。he is a man with a strong personality(personal).他是一个个性很强的人。3.struggle n.斗争，拼搏vi.奋斗；挣扎after some struggle，blacks and whites were able to sit together on buses.(教材p115)经过一番奋战，黑人能和白人一起坐在公交车上了。struggle against/with同作斗争struggle forfight for 为而斗争struggle to ones feet 挣扎着站起来struggle to do sth 努力做某事he has struggled with/against cancer for ten years but he never gives up.他和癌症作斗争已经十年了，可他从来没有放弃过。they were struggling to get out of the broken car.他们正在努力挣扎着从那辆破车里出来。he struggled to his feet from the chair.他吃力地从椅子上站了起来。4.experience n.c经历u经验 vt.经历，遭受martins first experience of racism was with a bus driver.(教材p25)马丁的第一次种族差别的经历是和一位公共汽车司机的相遇。experienced adj.有经验的be experienced in sth 在做某事方面有经验it is important to try and learn from experience.努力从经验中学习是重要的。failing an exam was a_new_experience for me.考试不过关对我来说还是第一次。i experienced (experience) a moment of panic as i boarded the plane.我上飞机时曾一度感到恐慌。5.equal adj.& vt.& n.his first victory was to win the equal rights for blacks to sit on buses.(教材p25)他取得的第一次胜利是为黑人赢得了乘坐公共汽车的平等权利。(1)adj.(地位、权利等)平等的，同等的；(大小、数量、价值等)相等的，相同的；(能力、勇气等)能应付的，能胜任的be equal to sb/sth等同于，与平等be equal in sth 在某方面相等/等同be equal to (doing) sth 胜任(做)某事let the task to jack.he is equal to it.把这项任务交给杰克去做，他能胜任这工作。(2)vt.等于，和相等；比得上a equals b in.a在方面比得上bnone of us can equal her in intelligence.我们中没人在智力方面比得上她。(3)n.相等的事物，同等的人without equal无人可比(的)，无与伦比have no equal 没有对手，没有可匹敌者，无与伦比it is reported that he is a player without_equal.据报道，他是位无与伦比的运动员。1.fight for 为而战he fought for the rights of black people in the usa.(教材p24)在美国，他为黑人的权利而战斗。fight against为反对而斗争fight with 与并肩作战；与作斗争fight about/over. 为而争论/争吵they are fighting for their rights of having high pays.他们正在为获得高工资的权利而斗争。if we all fight agains pollution，we will have a cleaner world.如果我们都和污染作斗争，我们就会有一个更清新的世界。he and his wife are always fighting about who will drive the car.为开车的事，他和夫人总在吵架。2.begin with(start with)以开始he made a famous speech there beginning with the words：“i have a dream.”(教材p25)他(马丁)在那儿发表了以“我有一个梦想”开头的著名演讲。to begin with(插入语)首先，开始begin as. 起初是，本来是but as you know，the longest journey always begins with a single step.但就像你知道的，最长远的旅行总是由第一步开始的。our english teacher often begins our class with an english song.我们的英语老师常用一首英文歌曲开始英语课。his interest in health care began as a volunteer.他对卫生保健的兴趣始于他的志愿者工作。1.if possible，try to guess the answer.(教材p24)如果可能，设法猜出答案。(1)if possible是if it is possible的省略。状语从句中如果主语是it，动词是be，那么可以将it和be动词一起省去。类似省略结构还有：if necessary如果有必要的话if any 假如有/即使有的话if so 如果是这样的话if not 否则；不然的话if_so，they will make great progress in their study.如果这样，他们将会在他们的学习当中取得巨大进步。(2)状语从句省略的另一种情形是：当从句中动词是be，从句主语与主句主语相同时，常省略从句的主语和动词be。i shall not fail to help you when_(it_is)_necessary.必要时，我一定会帮助你。although_(he_was)_tired，he kept on working.尽管他累了，他还是坚持工作。while walking(walk)，i noticed a pony (马驹) roll over on his back.散步的时候，我看到一个马驹在地上打滚。2.in 1849，she became the first woman ever to receive a medical degree in the usa.(教材p25)1849年她成为首位在美国获得医学学位的女性(1)不定式to receive.作定语，修饰前面的中心词woman；the first修饰woman，也作定语。(2)英语中当名词前有the first，the last等序数词及the only，the very和形容词最高级修饰时，其后常用不定式作定语。i am always the first one to arrive and the last one to leave.我总是第一个到最后一个离开。you will be the only expert to_make (make) a speech.你将是唯一一个作报告的专家。(3)被修饰词是表示抽象意义的名词时，常用不定式作后置定语。常见的此类名词有ability，chance，idea，fact，evidence，attempt，belief，way，reason，opportunity，time等。i have no chance to_go(go) sightseeing.我没有机会观光。.单词拼写1.they do not realize that wasting time is equal(等同于) to wasting a part of their valuable life.2.more new primary schools will be founded in this area by the government.3.personally speaking，i dislike zhou jieluns songs.4.the struggle(对抗) between the two teams was hard.5.we urged her to come to the party with us，but she protested(声称) that she was too tired.选词填空fight for，begin with，judge.by.，be equal to，in my opinion1.the happiness you feel is_equal_to the love you give.2.in_my_opinion，she dealt with the matter perfectly fairly and reasonably.3.memorial meetings often start_with silent tribute to the dead.4.we must fight_for passing the college entrance exams.5.its just like they always say，you cant judge a book by its cover.完成句子1.look out for cars while_crossing_the_road.当过马路时，要当心车。2. amy was the_only_person_to_witness_the_car_accident.艾米是唯一一位目睹那场车祸的人。3.he usually spends half an hour finishing_his_homework.(it usually takes him half an hour to_finish_his_homework.)他通常花半个小时的时间完成家庭作业。4.he is_very_experienced_in_mending_cars and often gets extra pay.他修车很有经验，经常得到额外报酬。5.i shall never forget the happy days when_we_studied_together.我永远不会忘记我们在一起学习的那段美好时光。.单句语法填空1.you cannot be too careful while driving(drive).2.as it is reported，it is over 100 years since tsinghua university was_founded(found).3.personally(person)，i dont think smoking is a good way of relaxation.4.anyone，whether he is an official or a bus driver，should be equally(equal) respected.5.by the time jack returned home from england，his son had_graduated(graduate)from college.6.everyone knows the fact that yao ming has retired as a player.7.she struggled against cancer for three years.8.to begin with，my english teacher spoke too quickly and i couldnt understand her.9.if possible，make a phone call before the interview.10.the village is no longer the one that it was 8 years ago.单句改错1.i think theres a train at midday.if so，youll have to wait till 12：30.sonot2.unless inviting to attend the party，i wont go to his house.invitinginvited3.the country was found in 1980s.foundfounded4.after a month of training，he became equal to do the work.dodoing5.personal，i could care less whether he comes or not.personalpersonally.阅读理解salvador dali (19041989)was one of the most popular of modern artists.the pompidou centre in paris is showing its respect and admiration for the artist and his powerful personality with an exhibition bringing together over 200 paintings，sculptures，drawings and more.among the works and masterworks on exhibition the visitor will find the best pieces，most importantly the persistence of memory.there is also lenigme sans fin from 1938，works on paper，objects，and projects for stage and screen and selected parts from television programmes reflecting the artists showman qualities.the visitor will enter the world of dali through an egg and is met with the beginning，the world of birth.the exhibition follows a path of time and subject with the visitor exiting through the brain.the exhibition shows how dali draws the viewer between two infinities(无限).“from the infinity small to the infinity large，contraction and expansion coming in and out of focus：amazing flemish accuracy and the showy baroque of old painting that he used in his museumtheatre in figueras，”explains the pompidou centre.the fine selection of the major works was done in close collaboration(合作)with the museo national reina sofia in madrid，spain，and with contributions from other institutions like the salvador dali museum in st.petersburg，florida.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了巴黎蓬皮杜艺术中心展览了萨尔瓦多达利众多的艺术展品，以帮助人们了解萨尔瓦多达利的作品风格。1.which of the following best describes dali according to paragraph 1?a.optimistic. b.productive.c.generous. d.traditional.答案b推理判断题。由第一段中的 the pompidou centre in paris is showing its respect and admiration.bringing together over 200 paintings，sculptures，drawings and more.可以推断出他是一个多产的(productive)艺术家。故选项b正确。2.what is dalis the persistence of memory considered to be?a.one of his masterworks.b.a successful screen adaptation.c.an artistic creation for the stage.d.one of the best tv programmes.答案a细节理解题。由第一段中的among the works and masterworks on exhibition.most importantly the persistence of memory.可知，the persistence of memory是达利最优秀的作品之一。故选项a正确。3.how are the exhibits arranged at the world of dali?a.by popularity. b.by importance.c.by size and shape. d.by time and subject.答案d细节理解题。根据第二段中的the exhibition follows a path of time and subject with the visitor exiting through the brain.可知，达利的作品展览是按照时间和主题组织的。故选项d正确。4.what does the word “contributions”in the last paragraph refer to?a.artworks. b.projects.c.donations. d.documents.答案a词义猜测题。最后一段强调了对主要作品进行了精选(the fine selection of the major works)，又点明contributions来自其他机构，所以可推断出contributions 应该属于 works 的范畴。故选项a正确。.完形填空during my school days，i was a shy girl.i would just sit in a corner for a whole day，reading my favorite books.for me，_1_ were my only world.during breaks at school，i used to just sit in a corner of the _2_ and see others play games.it was not because i wasnt interested in _3_ or making new friends，but because i always had no confidence when compared to my _4_.i always thought other classmates were better than me.i had no _5_ how to make friends.and i just didnt want to _6_ failure(失败) if my classmates didnt want to be my friends.one day，my english teacher shared a(n) _7_ with us.it was about king bruce and a spider.king bruce had a _8_ with people from another country.unluckily，he lost that battle(战役) at first._9_ the battle made king bruce feel hopeless.but he was _10_ by a spider making its web.king bruce won the war finally.the story taught me a lot.and the way the spider faced failures _11_ me deeply.i was so curious about the story that i _12_ watching the movements of spiders at home.once，a _13_ spent around an hour reaching at the top of a wall.i dropped it down.surprisingly，within seconds it started _14_ again.its really _15_.this special _16_ changed me.i realized that it is not a total failure if you _17_ have hope of success.the world may treat me badly，_18_ i can stand up again and start working again.there would be time when people would like and _19_ me.from that day on，i became _20_ and made a lot of friends.i think that there is just no word called failure as everything can change at any moment.【语篇解读】作者是一个害羞的女孩，英语老师的一个故事以及作者自己的一次经历使作者改变了很多。1.a.pictures b.booksc.toys d.memories答案b根据上文“i would just sit in a corner for a whole day，reading my favorite books.”可知，作者喜欢读书，对她来说，书就是她的唯一的世界。2.a.department b.hospitalc.hotel d.playground答案d由下文“and see others play games”可知，作者是坐在操场的一角，看着其他同学做游戏。3.a.playing b.writingc.laughing d.running答案a根据上文“and see others play games”可知答案。4.a.children b.teachersc.classmates d.sisters答案c根据下文“i always thought other classmates were better than me.”可知，当作者和同学们比较的时候，她总是没有信心。5.a.doubt b.skillc.knowledge d.idea答案d作者不知道怎么交朋友。6.a.face b.seec.cause d.remember答案a根据下文“if my classmates didnt want to be my friends”可知，作者不知道该如何面对交友失败。7.a.experience b.reportc.story d.suggestion答案c根据下文可知，英语老师和我们分享了一个故事。8.a.discussion b.warc.chat d.plan答案b根据上文“he lost that battle”可知，king bruce输掉了那场战争。9.a.losing b.joiningc.controlling d.missing答案a根据上文“unluckily，he lost that battle”可知，输掉了那场战争让king bruce觉得很绝望。10.a.bit b.discoveredc.hit d.encouraged答案d根据下文“king bruce won the war finally.”可知，king bruce受到一只蜘蛛的鼓舞。11.a.amused b.hurtc.impressed d.surprised答案c根据上文“the story taught me a lot.”可知，小蜘蛛接受失败的方式给作者留下了深刻的印象。12.a.continued b.beganc.avoided d.stopped答案b作者对这个故事好奇才开始在家里观察蜘蛛。13.a.mouse b.soldierc.bird d.spider答案d根据上文“watching the movements of spiders at home”可知应该选d。14.a.running b.walkingc.climbing d.sleeping答案c让作者感到惊奇的是，蜘蛛又一次开始向上爬行。15.a.hopeless b.amazingc.successful d.quiet答案b根据上文“surprisingly”可知，这让作者感到很惊讶。16.a.experience b.lecturec.message d.trip答案a