一轮复习人教版必修一Unit 4 Earthquakes Language points课件（73张）.pptx

unit4earthquakeslanguagepoints naturaldisasters fire earthquake flood volcano landslide山体滑坡 dragoncyclone龙卷风 mud rockflow泥石流 tsunami drought sandstorm warmingup volcano typhoon flood sandstorm tsunami earthquake buildingsaredestroyed peoplearehurt killed familiesarebroken manyroadsarecutoff earthquake anighttheearthdidn tsleep tallbuildingsweredestroyed roadswerecracked peoplewereinjured thecitywasinruins someotherbigearthquakesinrecentyears thebigearthquakeinpakistanandindiain2005 thebigearthquakeinwenchuan sichuanprovincein2008 thehaitiearthquakehappenedinjanuary2010 theyushuearthquakeinqinhaiprovinceinapril2010 thegreateastjapanearthquakeoccurredon11march2011 pre reading whereistangshan haveyoueverheardabouttangshanearthquake whendidithappen thetangshanearthquakewasanaturaldisasterthatoccurredonjuly28 1976 itisbelievedtobethelargestearthquakeofthe20thcenturybydeathtoll thenumberofdeathswasaround240 000to255 000 afurther164 000peoplewererecordedasbeingseverelyinjured canyousayanythingaboutsanfrancisco thefourthmostpopulouscityincaliforniaandthe13thmostpopulouscityintheu s a canyouimaginewhatthecityofsanfranciscowaslikeafteranearthquake ithappenedonapril18 1906 theearthquakeandresultingfirearerememberedasoneoftheworstnaturaldisastersinthehistoryoftheunitedstates readthepassageandfindoutthetopicsentenceofeachparagraph strangethingswerehappeninginthecountrysideofnortheasthebei everythingbegantoshake itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend everywheretheylookednearlyeverythingwasdestroyed allhopewasnotlost while reading themainideaofeachpart part1 para 1 beforetheearthquake part2 para 2 3 duringtheearthquake part3 para 4 aftertheearthquake somethingstrangehappenedintangshan thedestroyoftheearthquakeintangshan therescueoftangshan jointhecorrectpartsofthesentences para1listsomesignsbeforetangshanearthquake whatdoyouthinkmayhappenbeforeanearthquake careful reading 1 brightlightflashesinthesky 2 thewellhasdeepcracksinit andthewaterinitrisesandfalls 3 chickensareflyinganddogsarebarking andpigsandcowsaretoonervoustoeat 4 fishjumpoutofthepond andmicerunwildlyoutofthefields signsbeforeanearthquake para2 3discussion task1 aftertheearthquake whathappenedtopeople animalsandbuildings task2 undersomenumbersinthetwoparagraphs ofthenationfelttheearthquake ahugecrackthatwaskilometreslongandmetreswidecutacrosshousesinterriblesecondsalargecitylayinruins ofthepeoplediedorwereinjuredduringtheearthquake thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledorinjuredreachedmorethan allofthecity shospitals ofitsfactoriesandbuildingsandofitshomesweregone 1 3 8 30 15 2 3 400 000 75 90 damagecausedbyearthquake para 2 3 3 42 greatest steam dirt bricks dams useless steel sand electricity details para 4whydoesthewritersayallhopeisnotlost trueorfalse 1 peopleintangshanwerewarnedoftheearthquakeanddidn tgotobedthatnight 2 peopleinbeijingalsofelttheearthquake 3 morethan400 000peoplewerekilledinthequake 4 manyrescueworkersanddoctorsweretrappedundertheruinsduringtheaftershock 5 peopletriedtogetfreshwaterfromundertheground f t f t f readthetextcarefullyagainandchoosethebestanswer1 whatdoes them inthesentence nowind however couldblowthemaway inparagraph3 referto a redautumnleaves b bricksontheground c bodiesofdeadanimals d sandinthewells b 2 thetitle anighttheearthdidn tsleep means a theearthwasawakeallnightlongb peopleontheearthcouldn tfallasleepthatnightc theearthshooklikecrazythatnightd animalsontheearthwouldnotsleepthatnight c 3 allthefollowingunusualthingshappenedbeforethequakeexceptthat a thewaterinthevillagewellsroseandfellb thechickensandeventhepigsweretoonervoustoeatc tensofthousandsofcowswouldnevergivemilkagaind fishjumpedoutofbowlsandponds c 4 peopleinthecitywenttobedasusualthatnightbecause a theydidn tthinkitwasstrangeforwaterpipestocrackandburstb theythoughtitwaseasytoexperienceanearthquakec theythoughtsleepingwasthemostimportantthingwhateverwouldhappend theycouldneverimaginetherewouldeanearthquake d seismicbelts 地震带 intheworld post reading canwestopearthquakes wecan tstopearthquakes butwecantrytoreducethelossescausedbyearthquakes whatcanwedoafterearthquakes tobuildhousesasstrongaspossible tobuildhousesonrockratherthanonsand trytorescuepeople trytorebuildfamilies trytoforgetsadexperiencesandlivewithstrongbelief whatshallwedoifanearthquakehappens 1 getunderaheavytableordeskandholdon orsitorstandagainstaninsidewall 2 keepawayfromwindows 3 ifindoors stayindoors 4 ifoutdoors stayawayfromfallingdebris treesandpowerlines 5 ifinacar stayinthecar 6 manyinjuriesoccurwhenpeopleactontheirimpulsetorun discussion asafeplace toilet thekitchen thediningroom thelivingroom protectyourheadandkeyparts imagineyourhomebeginstoshakeandyoumustleaveitrightaway 想象你的家开始摇动 你必须马上离开 用法归纳 atonce立刻 马上immediatelyadv 立刻 马上innotime立刻 马上rightnow现在 立刻 马上heisill youshouldcallinthedoctorrightaway 他病了 你应该立即请医生来 he snotintheofficerightnow 他现在不在办公室 languagepoints 2 inthefarmyards thechickensandeventhepigsweretoonervoustoeat 农家大院里的鸡 甚至猪都紧张得不想吃食 p 26l4 too to 太 而不能 用法归纳 1 too to 太 而不能 表示否定意义 tomistooyoungtogothereonhisown 汤姆年纪太小 不能独自一人去那里 too to 句型表示 太 以至于不能 可转化为not enoughto 和so that thechildistooyoungtodresshimself thechildisnotoldenoughtodresshimself thechildissoyoungthathecan tdresshimself 这孩子太小 不能够自己穿衣 2 too前有not never can t等否定词修饰时构成双重否定 表示肯定意义 意为 并非太 不会太 再 也不过分 onecanneverbetoolatetolearn 活到老 学到老 youcan tbetoocarefultodoyourhomework 你做作业时越仔细越好 2012陕西高考 ithankyoutoomuchforallyourhelptomysonwhilewewereawayfromhome a won tb can tc cand will 3 inthecity thewaterpipesinsomebuildingscrackedandburst 在市内 有些建筑物里的水管爆裂开来 p 26l 7 burstvi 爆裂 爆发n 突然破裂 爆发thetypeofthecarburstsuddenly 轮胎突然爆裂 therewasaburstoflaughterinthenextroom 隔壁房间里突然爆发出一阵笑声 burstoutcrying laughing突然哭起来 笑起来burstintotears laughter angryspeech突然哭 唱 笑 吵起来suddenlythedooropenedandagroupofchildrenburstin 门突然打开 闯进了一群孩子 4 buttheonemillionpeopleofthecity whothoughtlittleoftheseevents wereasleepasusualthatnight 但是 唐山市的一百万居民都没有把这些情况当一回事 当天晚上照常睡着了 p 26l 8 thinklittleof轻视 对 评价不高 不看重don tthinklittleofothers 不要轻视别人 theteacherthoughtlittleofyourarticle 老师对你的作文评价不高 thinknothingof把 看得很平常 不屑一顾thinkmuch highly wellof对 高度评价speakhighly wellof对 高度赞扬singhighpraisefor对 高度赞扬 who引导非限制性定语从句iwastheonlypersoninourofficewhowasinvited 我是我们办公室唯一被邀请的人 去掉定语从句 意思就不完整 tom sfather whoisoversixty stillworksharddayandnight 汤姆的父亲仍然整天勤奋工作 他已经60岁了 who引导非限制性定语从句 整个句子可分成两句来翻译 1 drjones comesfromcanada willgivealecturetomorrowafternoon 2 afterthestorminbeijing peopleweresufferinginthatarea badlyneededcleanwater medicineandsheltertosurvive 5 itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend 似乎到了世界末日 p 26l 9 知识点一 atanend终止 结束 在句中通常做表语 thelonghotsummerwasatlastatanend 朗文p 327 漫长的酷暑终于过去了 拓展延伸 end有关短语intheend最后 终于 后不加of短语 atanend结束 终结 在句中作表语 attheendof在 末 尽头 bytheendof到 末为止 常与完成时态连用 putanendtosth 结束 终结cometoanend结束 终止 知识点二 seemvi 好像 似乎itseemedlikeagoodidea 这主意好像不错 sheseemed tobe veryinterested她似乎颇感兴趣 theyseemtobelievehim 他们似乎不相信他的话 2007浙江卷 itseemedthathewaslying 他似乎在撒谎 itseemedthathehadknownthetruth heseemedtohaveknownthetruth 他好像知道了真相 知识点三 asif though 似乎 好像itlooksasiftheweatherischanging 天看起来天要变 表语从句 hetreatedherasifshewerehisdaughter 他对待她好像是自己的女儿 方式状语从句 itseemedasifeveryonebutmehadmadefriendsandwashavingfun 表语从句 2013 山东高考究形填空 好像除了我每个人都有朋友都很开心 拓展延伸 asif though 从句 表示虚拟虚拟情况从句时态与现在事实相反一般过去时态与过去事实相反过去完成时态与将来事实相反would might could 动词原形 shelooksasifsheweretenyearsyounger 她看上去好像年轻了10岁 heopenedhismouthasifhewouldsaysomething 他张开嘴好像要说什么 jackwasn tsayinganything buttheteachersmiledathimasifhehaddonesomethingveryclever 方式状语从句 2011 湖南高考单项填空 杰克没说什么 但足老师向他微笑 好像他之前做的是明智之举似的 如果从句表示的是客观事实 则不用虚拟语气 hurryup itlooksasifitisgoingtorain 快点 看起来好像要下雨了 完成句子 whenapencilispartlyputintowater itlooksasifitbroken 当把铅笔的一部分放进水里时 它看上去好像断了 theyaretalkingasiftheyfriendsforyears 他们说话很亲热 就像多年的老朋友似的 高考连接 2012北京卷 don thandle 拿 thevaseasifit madeofsteel a isb werec hasbeend hadbeen 6 infifteenterriblesecondsalargecitylayinruins 在可怕的15秒钟内 一座大城市就沉沦在一片废墟之中 p 26l 9 ruinn u 毁坏 毁灭 崩溃 c pl 废墟 遗迹v 使 破产 毁灭 毁坏don tletasmalldisagreementruinyourfriendship 不要让小小的分歧损害你们的友谊 shereturnedhomeandfoundallherfurniturehadbeenruinedbytheflood 她回家后发现家具全被洪水毁坏了 yearsoffightinghavelefttheareainruins 多年的战事已经使得这个地区满目疮痍 ruin有关短语inruins成为废墟 破败不堪fallin intoruin灭亡 荒废ruinone shealth fame毁坏某人的健康7 two thirdsofthemdiedorwereinjuredduringtheearthquake 2 3的人在地震中死去或受伤 p26l14 15知识点一 two thirds三分之二 分数 百分数 of 名词 结构在句子中作主语时 谓语动词与后面的名词的数一致 threequartersofthesurfaceoftheearthiscoveredbywater 地球表面的四分之三被水覆盖 aboutsixtypercentoftheteachersinthisschoolarewomen 这所学校里大约百分之六十的教师是女的 用法归纳 1 分数表示法 分数在英语中通常是借助于基数词和序数词来共同表达的 其中基数词表示分子 序数词表示分母 分子除用one外 也可用a 如果分子大于1 分母要用复数形式 但是 1 2不能说a one second 而要说a one half 1 4和3 4可以说a one fourth和threefourths 但常用aquarter和threequarters表示 thecentimeterisone tenthofthedecimeterorone hundredthofthemeter 厘米是分米的十分之一 或者说是米的百分之一 abouttwothirdsofthestudentsattendthemeeting 大约2 3的学生都参加了会议 知识点二 injurevt 尤指事故中 伤害 伤害 感情 自尊心等 thiscouldseriouslyinjurethecompany sreputation 这会严重损害公司的声誉 brownwasseriouslyinjuredinthetrafficaccident sohewasinhospital 布朗因为在交通事故中受了重伤 所以住院了 themomenttheterribleaccidenthappened ambulancesrushedtheinjuredtothehospital 可怕的事故一发生 救护车把受伤的人火速送到医院 同根词拓展 injuredadj 受伤的theinjured伤员injuryn 伤 伤口 伤害 youmustn tmovesomeoneifheisbadlyhurt 如果有人受重伤 不要动他 shewasbadlyhurtbyhiswords 她被他的话严重伤害 doesithurthere here 这儿疼吗 这儿 不及物动词 althoughhegotseriouslywoundedinthehead hewentonfightingheroically 虽然他头部受重伤 但仍继续英勇作战 thebirdhoppedabouthelplesslyasifoneofitswingshadbeeninjured 这鸟孤弱地跳着好像翅膀受了伤 i mafraidthatinhisangerhewouldharmthechild 我担心他在愤怒中会伤害孩子 theshowerwilldonoharmtothecrops 这阵雨对庄稼不会有危害 8 halfamillionpigsandmillionsofchickensweredead 50万头猪和几百万只鸡全都死了 p26 l23 millionsof 数百万的 millionsofpeopletookpartinthestrike 数百万人参加了那次罢工 用法归纳 1 million的复数形式不与数词连用 后加of表示数量之多 如 不可说fivemillionsofbooks 2 与数字连用不用复数形式 其后不加of 如 twomillionbooks五百万本书 3 类似的用法还有thousand hundred dozen score等 如 thousandsof上千的 hundredsof几百的 dozensof几十的 tensofthousandsof好几万 成千上万的 9 sandnowfilledthewellsinsteadofwater 井里满是沙子 而不是水 p26l23 24 insteadof 代替 而不 后接名词 代词 动名词 介词短语等 whydidtheychoosetominsteadofdavid 他们为什么选tom代替david wewalkeddownthestairsinsteadoftakingthelift 我们走楼梯下来的 而没有乘电梯 hecamebytraininsteadofbybus 他坐火车来的 而没有坐汽车 10 peoplewereshocked 人们惊呆了 shock 1 vt使震惊 使震动 电击 2 n 打击 震惊 震动 电击 休克 c n 令人震惊的事 物 thenewsofscott sdeathshockedtheworld斯科特的死讯让整个世界为之震惊 ashearrived hewasshockedathowfriendlythepeoplewere 到了那里后 当地人的友好让她大为吃惊 lyinginapoolofbloodonthebasementfloor krugerfelthimselfgoingintoshock 躺在血泊中 克鲁格觉得自己快要休克了 2007辽宁卷 同根词拓展 shockedadj 感到惊奇的 惊讶的 主语多为人 shockingadj 令人气愤的 令人惊讶的 主语多为物 1 完成句子 thenewsofhiswife sdeathwas him 他妻子去世的消息对他打击太大了 he hersmoking 看到她在吸烟 他很吃惊 toseehowmyneighbourstreatedtheirchildren 看到邻居们如何对待孩子 我感到震 11 then laterthatafternoon anotherbigquakewhichwasalmostasstrongasthefirstoneshooktangshan 接着 在下午晚些时候 又一次几乎和第一次一样的强烈的地震震撼着唐山 p26l24 25 用法归纳 which引导定语从句 1 which引导定语从句 在从句中做主语或宾语 当宾语时可以省去 但做介词宾语时不可省去 2 which作主语指它前面的整个句子 不可用that代替 强调结果 pleasepassmethebookwhichislyingonthetable 请递给我摆在桌上的那本书 thenovelwhichtomboughtisveryinteresting 汤姆买的小说很有意思 canyoulendmethemagazineaboutwhichyoutalkedyesterday 你能把昨天谈到的那本杂志借给我吗 12 someoftherescueworkersanddoctorsweretrappedundertheruins 有些救援人员和医生被困在废墟下面 p26l25 26 1 thedriverwhodiedintheaccidentcouldhave buthewassenttohospitaltoolate a curedb recoveredc survivedd rescued 1 thepoliceman thethiefintoaplacewherehecouldnotescapeandcaughthim a ledb broughtc caughtd trapped 2 therewasafloodinthemine andtwentyminerswere underground a wateredb settledc trappedd recognize 3 therescueteamhassavedmorethantenpeople underthebuildingssincetheearthquakebrokeoutinya an a trappingb tobetrappedc trappedd havingtrapped 13 peoplebegantowonderhowlongthedisasterwouldlast 人们开始感到疑惑 这场灾难还会持续多久 p26l27 1 wondervt 想知道 对 感到好奇 疑惑 常用句型 wonder who when how why引导宾语从句 想知道谁 何时 如何 为何 iwonderathisbeautifulsinging 他优美的歌声让我感到很惊讶 iwonderwhoheis wherehecamefromandwhyhecame 我很想知道他是谁 从哪来 来干什么 doyoueverstoptowonderwhyyou regoingtocollege 你停下来想过为什么要上大学吗 2009四川卷 2 iwonderif whether 礼貌的请求 能请 吗 我可以 吗 iwonderifyoucanhelpme 不知你是否能帮我 2010天津卷 拓展延伸 1 作名词 意为 奇迹 奇事 感到疑惑的事 常用句型 it sawonderthat 奇怪的是 令人惊奇的是 it s nowonder that 难怪 不足为奇 thegreatwallisoneofthegreatwondersthechinesepeoplehaveworked 长城是中国人民创造的伟大奇迹之一 it sawonderthatyoudidn tloseyourwayinthedark 你在黑暗中居然没有迷路 这真是个奇迹 herchildismissing itisnowonderthatsheissoupset 她的孩子不见了 难怪她心神不宁 14 workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed 援救人员为那些家园被毁的幸存者盖起了避难所 1 sheltern 居所 避难所 无家可归者或受虐待者的 收容所 遮蔽 vt庇护 保护 为 提供避难所 vi躲避 避难 food clothingfuelandshelterarethefourmostbasichumanneeds 食物 衣物 燃料和住所是人类四种最基本的需求 2011湖北卷 workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed 救援人员为那些家园被毁的幸存者盖起了避难所 2 shelter动词的用法 短语shelter fromsb sth 庇护 不受 伤害 wesatintheshade shelteringfromthesun 我们坐在背阴处躲避日晒 thedarknessofthenightshelteredtheiractivities 黑夜掩护了他们的行动 完成句子 treeswereplantedto thisarea strongsandstorms 人们种树使这个地区免受强沙尘暴侵袭 高考连接 1 2013 湖北卷 whaticansayisthathemayspoilhisson forheisalwaystryingtoshelterhim beingscolded a fromb offc tod out 2 2014 重庆卷完形填空 hehadarealgiftforhandlingchores 家务活 mefromunpleasantrepairjobs a attractingb shelteringc drivingd prohibiting 15 allhopewasnotlost 不是所有的希望都破灭了 all not notall 为不完全否定结构 意为 并非所有的 都 allthesebooksarenotpopularwithpeople notallthesebooksarepopularwithpeople 这些书并非全都受人们的欢迎 用法归纳 英语中的all both each every everybody everything always具有总括意义的代词 形容词和副词与否定词not连用 无论not位置如何 均构成部分否定 表示 并非都 的意思 allthatglittersisnotgold 谚 发光的并非都是金子 idon tagreewitheverythingyousaid 我不完全同意你说的话 noteverythingwentwellwithhim 他并非每件事情都顺利 thericharenotalwayshappy 有钱人并非总是幸 拓展延伸 英语中的no none never nobody nothing neither noone nowhere等表否定意义的词 组 与肯定式谓语一起使用构成 全部否定 noneofthemareright 他们都不对 neitherofuswillgo 我们俩都不去 iagreewithnothingyousaid 我完全不同意你说的话 句型转换 everyboyisnotinterestedinsports isinterestedinsports 并非所有的男孩都喜欢运动 bothofthetwomathproblemsarenotverydifficult thetwomathproblemsareverydifficult 这两道数学题并非都很难 16 congratulations wearepleasedtotellyouthatyouhavewonthehighschoolspeakingcompetitionaboutnewtangshan 恭喜你 我们很高兴第告诉你 你在新唐山为主题的中学演讲比赛中获得第一名 p30 congratulationn 祝贺 多用作复数形式 注意下列用法 congratulations 单独使用 祝贺你 congratulationson 对 表示祝贺 pleaseacceptmycongratulationson 请接受我对你 祝贺 拓展 congratulatevt 祝贺congratulatesb on 对 表示祝贺 i dliketocongratulateyouonyoursuccess 对你的成功我表示祝贺 17 yourspeechwasheardbyagroupoffivejudges allofwhomagreedthatitwasthebestonethisyear 评委会的五位评委听了你的演讲 他们都认为你的演讲是今年最好的 p30 知识点一 judgen 裁判员 法官 评判员v 断定 判断 判决judgmentn 判断 审判 意见 判断力hisfatheri