学人教版必修三Unit 4 AstronomyThe science of the starsPeriod1Warming up and Reading教案（6页word版）.docx

2019学年度人教版必修三unit 4 astronomy-the science of the starsperiod1warming up and readingthe reading passage titled how life began on the earth provides students a brief introduction on how the universe developed into space and how life began on the earth. it provides a scientific background to any investigation into space and it is factual.this unit is concerned with astronomy and how human beings first evolved on the earth and understand the universe around them. the exploration of space is examined through science fiction as nobody has yet visited a “black hole”. we also examined how ideas have developed about gravity. the three scientists who have made the greatest contribution to our understanding of gravity are isaac newton, albert einstein and stephen hawking.science of the star：the development of life; space travel and gravityvocabulary: astronomy, system, religion, theory, atom, billion, globe, violent, carbon, atmosphere, unlike, fundamental, harmful, acid, chain, oxygen, exist, thus, dioxide, puzzle, biology, biologist, satellite, gentle, physicist, climate, crash, spaceship, pull, float, solar system, in time, give birth to, in ones turn, prevent.from, block out, cheer up, now that, watch outplanets: mercury(水星), venus(金星), earth(地球), mars(火星), jupiter(木星), saturn(土星), uranus(天王星), neptune(海王星)the big bang: it is the term used to describe a huge explosion that scientists believe happened around 15 billion years ago, creating our universe. nobody knows what caused the big bang, since we cannot look back to a time before it. but just after the event, the universe is believed to have been a knot of tightly packed particles only about the size of a pea. its temperature was ten thousand trillion, trillion degree celsius.the universe is made up of stars, planets, and other matter scattered throughout space.satellites are objects that move in orbit around other objects of greater mass. a satellite may be natural, like the moon, or artificial, like a spacecraft.our solar system is made up of the sun and the objects that orbit it. these include the eight planets (and probably more than eight) and their moons, as well as asteroids, comets, and meteors.some examples of the creation stories.1 the story of hopi people: the four creations. 2 from china: the story of pan gu3 the jewish / christian / muslim storyisaac newtonalbert einsteinstephen hawkingidea large bodies have a force which pulls things towards them.in space large objects make space and time bend；the larger the object is, the further space and time bend.black holes have a very large mass and pull things towards them.development the bigger the object is, the stronger the gravity.time goes slower in very strong gravity.if you go over the edge, you cannot get out; but if you do not, you may be able to escape.instructions(提示):please pay attention to. please check that.please look at.make sure that.dont forget that.watch out for.you need.you had better.the first period: warming up and readingimportant points: let the students read the passage and learn about the development of the earth by using different reading skills to understand implied meaning of the author.difficult points: enable the students to understand the passage and know the development of the earth by using different reading skills.knowledge aims: learn the useful new words and expressions in this part: astronomy, system, religion, theory, atom, billion, globe, violent, carbon, atmosphere, unlike, fundamental, armful, acid, chain, multiply, oxygen, exist, dioxide, puzzle, solar system, in time, lay eggs, give birth to, in ones turn, carbon dioxide, prevent.fromstep 1 presentation1. have a free talk with students by letting them brainstorm the following questions:who are our ancestors?do you know what it was like before life appeared on the earth?do you know how life began on the earth?do you want to get more information?2. tell them: today we will learn something about how life began on the earth. turn to page 25. lets come to warming up.step 2 warming up1. in our solar system eight planets circle around the sun. they are: uranus天王星, venus金星, earth地球, mars火星, mercury水星, jupiter木星, neptune海王星, saturn土星.2. what interests you in astronomy? do you know any questions that astronomers are interested in?step 3 pre-reading1. first get students to discuss the questions with their partners:the origin of life on earth is a question that interests astronomers. do you know about it?each religion and culture has its own idea about how life began on earth. what do you know about them?2. get them to tell their stories. encourage them to tell different stories.3. get them read the title and predict what the reading will be about.step 4 reading1. fast reading: get them read the passage quickly and then write down the main idea for each paragraph and the whole passage in the following chart.how life began on the earthparagraph 1a widely accepted theory about the formation of the universe.paragraph 2the formation of the earth.paragraph 3the importance of water for life.paragraph 4the development of plants and animals on the earth.paragraph 5the arrival of humans and their impact on the earth.the passagea brief introduction on how the universe developed and how life began on the earth. it provides a scientific background to any investigation into space and it is factual.2. intensive reading: allow them several minute to read and get the important details, then finish the following.timeeventsbetween 4.5 and 3.8 billion years agothe dust settled into a solid globe, which was the earth.the earth exploded with fire and rock. they were in time to produce carbon, nitrogen, water vapor and other gases, which were to make the earths atmosphere. when the earth cooled down, water appeared. water also appeared on other planets like mars but unlike the earth, it had disappeared later.many millions of years latersmall plants-began to appear on the surface of the water. they multiplied and filled the oceans and seas with oxygen.next and laterplants green plants began to grow on land, which were followed by land animals. animals reptiles appeared and they produce the young by laying eggs and existed on the earth.mammals appeared on the earth which gave birth to young baby animals and fed them on milk. about 2.6 million years agosmall clever animals with hands and feet appeared. they spread all over the earth. thus they, in their turn, became the most important animals on the planet.3. put the order of development of life into a time-line.1). insects and amphibians appeared. (h)2). dinosaurs appeared. (j)3). the earth became a solid ball. (c)4). small plants grew on the water. (e)5). reptiles appeared. (i)6). plants began to grow on dry dust. (g)7). water appeared on the earth. (b)8). shellfish and other fish appeared. (d)9). the universe began with a “big bang”. (f)10). clever animals with hands and feet appeared. (a)11). mammals appeared. (l)12). the earth was a cloud of dust. (k)4. choose the best answers to the questions:1). what is important for the beginning of life?a. the water on the earth. b. the earths atmosphere.c. the form of forests. d. dissolving harmful gases.2). which of the following appeared on the earth first? a. insects b. reptiles c. amphibians d. shellfish and fish.3. which of the following statements is true? a. water still exists on mars b. the earths atmosphere is made up of oxygen and nitrogenc. the earth had dissolved the harmful atmosphere into the ocean and seas.d. plants provide oxygen to the earth.4). what is the passage mainly about? a. the appearance and development of life on the earth.b. the birth of the earth.c. why dinosaurs died out.d. the fact that human being caused begins global warming.4. reading and discussion:1). why was the earth different from the other planets?(because the water remained on the earth.)2). why did the plants grow before the animals came?(because plants provide oxygen for animals to breathe.)3). why is it wrong to show films with dinosaurs and people together?(because dinosaurs died out long before human beings developed on the earth.)4). what problem is caused by human beings?(human beings caused global warming.)5. explanations: discuss the following important sentences and phrases.1). what is was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dust settled into solid globe.2). the earth became so violent that it was not clear whether the shape would last or not.3). they were in time to produce carbon, nitrogen, water vapor and other gases, which were to make the earths atmosphere.4). so whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved.suggested answers:6. reading aloud and understanding: ask them to read the passage aloud to the tape and let them pay attention to the pronunciation of each new words and the pause within each sentence and pick out the useful expressions and collocations.on the earth, according to, a cloud of dust, so that, whether or not, in time, water vapor, cool down, on ones surface, allow to do sth. a chain reaction, millions of, on the surface of, be able to, as well as, by doing. lay eggs, be different from, give birth to, spread all over the earth, in ones turn, prevent from, as a result of, too to, depend on7.填空exist, live, prevent.from, protectfrom, multiply, develop, climate, weather one hundred and forty million years before humans existed, dinosaurs ruled the earth. they lived for so long on the earth that they developed into many different species. they had few natural enemies besides each other, so each species had to protect their young from being eaten by other dinosaurs. as they lived in a warm and wet climate, there was plenty of food so dinosaur s