北师大版高中英语必修三要点突破学案：Unit9 Wheels词汇篇1（学生版）.doc

unit 9 wheels词汇篇1_1、掌握第三单元第一课及第二课的重点单词，短语及句型。2、灵活运用第三单元第一课及第二课的重点单词，短语及句型。1. actually adv. 实际上；事实上；其实（用于说明个人观点或补充新的信息）he may look young but hes actually 45. 他可能看起来年轻，但实际上已经45岁了。i do actually think that things have improved. 其实我的确认为事情已经有好转了。词汇链接：actual adj. 实际的actuality n. 实际，事实短语拓展：表示“实际上，事实上”的短语有in fact, in actual fact, as a matter of fact。2. transport vt. 运输 n. u 运输；交通工具the yellow bus transports passengers from the airport to the city. 那辆黄色公共汽车将乘客从机场运送至城里。搭配：transport by road/ water/ air公路/水上/航空运输词汇拓展：transportation n. 运送，运输transporter n. 运输者transportable adj. 可运输的transport charges 运费3. effect n. 结果，效果；影响，作用；印象 vt. 产生；引起did the medicine have any effect? 这药有作用吗？词汇链接：effective adj. 有效的，有影响的，有作用的effectively adv. 有效地effectiveness n. 效果，效能短语拓展：be in effect生效，有效come into effect生效have an effect on sth. 对.有影响（起作用）in effect实际上，事实上of no effect没有作用（做表语）put/bring into effect使生效to no effect不起作用to the effect that大意是，意思是易混辨析：effect与affect作“影响”解时，effect是名词，affect是动词。effect作动词是，意为“引起，实现”。a word from the teacher will have great effect on the pupils. 老师的一句话对学生有很大的影响。smoking affects ones health. 抽烟影响人的健康。4. benefit vt. 有益于；对.有益 n. 利益；好处the old school benefited us enormously. 那所老学校使我们受益匪浅。i got a lot of benefit from learning foreign languages. 我从学习外语中得到了许多益处。词汇链接：beneficial adj. 有益的，有利的，有帮助的beneficiary n. 受益者，受惠人短语拓展：benefit from/by从.中受益be of benefit to对.有益处for the benefit of为了.的益处5. convenient adj. 便利的，方便的常用搭配：be convenient to/for.对.方便（不用人做主语）i have moved to an apartment that is convenient to shopping and transportation. 我搬进了一间购物和交通都很方便的公寓。the house is very convenient for several schools. 这座房子离几所学校都很近。误区警示：表示“方便的，合适的；便利的，附近的”，均可与介词for连用。the market is convenient for me. 市场离我很近。convenient不能用人做主语。ill come when it is convenient for you. 我会在你方便的时候来的。（不能说：ill come when you are convenient.）词汇链接：convenience n. 方便，便利conveniently adv. 便利地6. allow v. 准许，允许they dont allow smoking here. 他们不允许在这儿吸烟。please allow me to introduce myself to you. 请允许我向你们作自我介绍。常用搭配：allow (doing) sth. / allow sb. to so sth. / allow sb. + 副词或介词短语易混辨析：allow, permit与letallow和permit都表示“允许”，用法也一样，在许多情况下可以互换，只是在词义上有强弱之别。allow词义较弱，含有“听任”“默许”“不加阻止”的意思，permit词义较强，强调“正式认可”“批准”的意思；let表示“让”，词义最弱，较口语化，用法上也不用于allow和permit；let后面的宾补为不带to的动词不定式；let一般不用于被动语态。7. hopeful adj. 有希望的，持有乐观态度的they arehopefulof bringing the siege to a peaceful conclusion. 他们希望能和平结束这次围困。im hopeful that hell arrive early. 我满怀希望他会早到。he is the most hopeful man in politics. 他是政坛上最有希望的人。词汇链接：hopefully adv. 有希望地，充满希望地hopeless adj. 没有希望的，无望的，糟糕透顶的短语拓展：be hopeful about对.抱有希望be hopeful of doing sth. 有望做某事8. provide vt. 提供this has provided police with a vital clue. 这为警方提供了一条重要线索。= this has provided a vital clue for the police.they worked to provide for their large family. 他们努力工作以供养他们一大家人。短语拓展：provide sth. for sb. = provide sb. with sth. 给某人提供某物provide for sb. 提供生活所需providing/provided + that从句 假如.ill agree to go providing/provided that my expenses are paid. 假如为我负担费用，我就同意去。9. look/ be fed up感到厌烦im fed up with this boring life. 我厌烦了这种枯燥的生活。短语扩展：feed up.给.吃食物，使吃饱feed on = live on以.为食10. insert vt. 插入，嵌入insertcoins into the slot and press for a ticket. 把硬币放进投币口，按钮取票。i wish to insert an advertisement in your newspaper. 我想在贵报上登一则广告。11. design v. 设计；制图；计划；制造 n. 图样；设计；布局；目的，意图this piece of land is designed for a garden. 这块地打算被建成花园。词汇链接：designer n. 设计者designable adj. 能设计的，可被区分的designedly adv. 故意地，有计划地短语拓展：by design故意地，蓄意地have designs on/ against对.抱有不良企图，图谋加害于design sth. for sb./ sth.为某人/某物设计某事物12. thanks to多亏，由于thanktoyour help, we finished the work in time.多亏你的帮助，我们及时完成了工作。拓展：英语中其他表示“由于”的短语：because of多作状语。becauseofthe rain, we didnt go camping last week.由于下雨了，我们上周没有去野营。due to多作状语或表语。some students quit schooldue topoverty.一些学生因贫困而辍学。his success isduetoindustry. 他的成功是由于勤奋。owing to多作状语。owingtostaff shortages, there was no restaurant car on the train.由于缺人手，这趟火车上没有餐车。13. consequence n. 结果，后果，影响（通常用复数）wastage was no doubt a necessary consequence of war. 巨大的损耗无疑是战争的必然结果。an economic crisis may have tremendous consequences for our global security. 一场经济危机可能严重影响到全球安定。短语拓展：in consequence = as a result因此14. arrestvt. 逮捕，拘捕he was arrested for dangerous driving. 他因危险驾驶而被逮捕。n. 逮捕，拘留the police made several arrests. 警方逮捕了好几个人。短语拓展：arrest sb. for sth. 由于某事逮捕某人make an arrest 逮捕place/ put sb. under arrest 逮捕某人15. work out 算出；理解，弄懂；计划；解决i believe that you can work out this problem by yourself. 我相信你自己能做出这道题的。the research centre worked out a new plan and decided to carry it out immediately. 研究中心拟订出一项新计划并决定立即实施。they had a lot of questions when they first got married, but things worked out in the end. 他们刚结婚的时候有一大堆问题，但最后事情都得到了解决。短语拓展：work at/on 从事，致力于work as 当.，做.工作work for 为.工作，努力促成16. argue vi. 争辩，争吵；表明dont argue with one who is angry. 不要和正在生气的人争论。these latest developments argue a change in government policy. 最近的事态发展表明政府改变了政策。词汇链接：argument n. 争论，辩论；论点，论据短语拓展：argue with sb. about/ on/ over sth. 关于某事与某人争论argue for/ against 赞成/反对argue sb. into doing sth. 说服某人做某事argue sb. out of doing sth. 说服某人不做某事he argued against the plan. 他据理反对这个计划。易混辨析：argue, discuss, quarrel与fightargue意为“争论，主张”，强调以理由或证据来说服。discuss意为“讨论”，目的在于解决问题、制定方针等，且通常气氛友好。quarrel意为“吵架，争吵”，暗示有很多的吵闹声。fight意为“打架”，暗示除了吵闹声还有动作。17. sensitive adj. 敏感的，灵敏的；神经过敏的；易受伤害的the stock exchange is sensitive to likely political changes. 证券交易所对潜在的政治变化很敏感。she is sensitive to criticism. 她对（别人的）批评很容易生气。he is very sensitive about/ to being small, so dont mention it. 他对自己个子矮小神经过敏，所以别提这件事。词汇链接：sense n. 感觉；理解；v. 感觉到，意识到senseless adj. 无意义的，无道理的；无意识的sensible adj. 合理的；明智的sensitivity n. 敏感性， 过敏性短语拓展：be sensitive to 对.敏感；易受影响的be sensitive about/ to 易生气的；神经质的18. gentle adj. 和蔼的，温和的；轻柔的；不陡的，坡度小的a gentle slope 一个不陡的坡my mother, though gentle, is stubborn. 我母亲尽管温柔，但很倔强。a warm gentle breeze was coming off the sea. 一阵温暖的微风从海上吹来。词汇链接：gently adv. 清清地；逐渐地短语拓展：be gentle with sb. 对某人很温柔19. fierce adj. 凶猛的，残酷的；狂热的，强烈的；激烈的，狂暴的the house is guarded by a fierce dog. 房子由一条凶猛的狗看守。there is so much unemployment and the competition for jobs is fierce. 失业非常严重，求职的竞争也十分激烈。常见搭配：fierce wind/ storm 狂风/暴雨fierce light 刺眼的光线fierce competition 激烈的竞争易混辨析：fierce与violentfierce表示“（表情）恶狠狠的，（感情）强烈的，（竞争等）激烈的，猛烈的”。violent指使用据有破坏性的暴力手段或由暴力引起的，意为“强暴的，猛烈的”。20. schedule1. n. 时间表，进度表，日程安排常见搭配：ahead of schedule 提前on schedule 按照预定时间according to schedule 按日程表behind schedule 比预定时间晚the new bridge has been finished two months ahead of schedule. 新桥提前两个月竣工了。the train arrived on/ behind schedule. 火车准时达到了/晚点了。2. vt. 预定，安排常见搭配：be scheduled for.安排在.be scheduled to do.（某人）预定/计划做某事the interview is scheduled for 10: 00 am tomorrow. 面试安排在明天上午10点。he is scheduled to visit the us next year. 他计划明年访问美国。21. foolish adj. 愚蠢的，傻的；荒谬的it is foolish to risk skin cancer. 冒患上皮肤癌的风险是愚蠢的。词汇链接：fool n. 傻瓜；小丑易混辨析：foolish, silly与stupid这三个词一般情况下可以通用。foolish最常用，着重指缺乏常识和判断力；stupid着重指人智力低下，含较强的贬义；silly指因极端愚蠢而引起笑话，暗示低能。dont do such silly things. 不要做这种蠢事。its foolish of you to buy such a book. 你买这样一本书真傻。his stupid behavior got him into trouble. 他的愚蠢的行为给他带来了麻烦。22. responsibility n. 责任，职责；负责women bear children and take responsibility for childcare. 妇女生孩子，还负责照顾孩子。do you know the responsibilities of the government workers? 你知道政府工作人员的职责吗？he wants companies to follow the european model of socialresponsibility. 他希望各公司能够以欧洲公司为榜样，承担社会责任。词汇链接：responsible adj. 有责任的；负责的；可靠的 (be responsible for 对.负责)responsibly adv. 负责地；可靠地she is my student, and i am responsible for her. 她是我的学生，我要对她负责。23. rely vi. 依靠，新来；依赖，指望常见搭配：rely on/ upon 依靠；依赖he canrelyon my support when the crunch comes. 关键时刻，他可以依靠我的支持。dont rely on finding me here when you get back. 你回来时别指望在这儿找到我。易混辨析：rely与dependrely指在过去经验的基础之上，相信某人或某失误，希望从中得到帮助或支持。depend指出于依赖而依靠他人或其他事物，以取得其支持或帮助，这种依赖可能有过去的经验或了解为根据，也可能没有。24. check in（到达旅馆、搭乘飞机时）办理登记手续；（打卡）上班passengers should check in for flight ba125 to berlin. 去柏林的ba125航班乘客应该办理登机手续。短语拓展：check out (of sth.) 付清账后离开，结账（退房）check on sb./sth. 核实，检查（是否一切正常）checking account活期存款25. pull out（列车）驶出，出站，启程 pull up 车（停），使.停止he didnt pull his car up at a red light. 他看到红灯没有停车。短语拓展：pull down 拉下（窗帘、帘子等）；拆毁，拆掉（建筑物）pull in （列车）到达，进站；（船、车）靠向一边，停靠 （反）pull outpull off （费力气）脱掉（衣服） （反）pull on 穿上（衣服、袜子等）pull over （车）停靠旁边；推；把.拉过来pull through 渡过难关，摆脱危难26. contentn. u 满足，满意；pl. 所含之物，目录；sing. 主题，主要内容，容量，含量he tipped the contents of the bag onto the table. 他把提包里的东西倒在了桌子上。adj. 满足的，满意的；愿意的。多作表语或后置定语常见搭配：be/ feel content with sth. 对.感到满意be/ feel content to do sth. 乐意做某事she is content with her present life. 她对目前的生活感到满意。i am content to stay here. 我乐意待在这儿。vt. 使满意，使满足常见搭配：content sb./ oneself with sth. 使某人/自己满足于.i content myself with a glass of coffee every day. 每天能喝上一杯咖啡我就满足了。27. wherever someone finished a journey they would leave the bike there for someone else to use. 不管人们在哪儿结束旅程，他们都会把自行车放在那里供其他人使用。句型讲解：wherever引导让步状语从句。wherever = no matter where不管哪里wherever he goes, he always remembers you. 不管他去哪儿，他总是记着你。i will find him wherever he may be. 无论他可能在哪儿，我都要找到他。wherever the film star goes, there are crowds of people waiting to see her. 这位电影明星所到之处都有成群的人等着见她。拓展：wherever也可以引导名词性从句。wherever he goes has nothing to do with me. 无论他去哪儿都与我无关。注意：no matter + where/ when/ how/ what/ who/ which等只能引导让步状语从句，而who/ what/ where/ when/ which等+ -ever即可引导让步状语从句，又可引导名词性从句。例1. -do you think its a good idea to make friends with your students?- , i do. i think its a great idea.a. reallyb. obviouslyc. actuallyd. generally例 2. china has been pushing the reform of public hospitals all its citizens.a. in charge ofb. for the purpose ofc. in honor ofd. for the benefit of例3.would it be for you to pick me up at four oclock and take me to the airport?a. convenientb. freec. vacantd. handy例4. （2014 湖南省五市十校高一期末）in peace, too, the red cross is expected to send help _ there is human suffering.a. whoeverb. howeverc. whateverd. wherever例5. he could have finished it on , but somehow he fell behind.a. conditionb. averagec. accountd. schedule例6.（2014 安徽高考）its our hope that we will play a greater role in the market place and, , supply more jobs.a. howeverb. anywherec. therefored. otherwise基础演练一. 根据首字母在空白处填写单词。1. the accident was the c of the drivers driving after drinking.2. he was a for stealing money.3. his arriving late was d to the storm.4. smoking here in the meeting room isnt a .5. i like the c of the magazine, but i don t like its covers.6. we have b a lot from the development of highway.二. 单项选择。1. the minister that cuts in military spending were needed.a. disputedb. debatedc. arguedd. discussed2. -can i smoke here?-sorry. we dont allow here.a. people smokingb. people smokec. to smoked. smoking3. human activities have great effects natural environment.a. inb. onc. upond. both b and c4. your future will your english study today at school.a. benefitb. be benefitedc. benefit fromd. be benefited from5. we students are too much homework.a. tired upb. fond ofc. fed up withd. put up with6. your help, my english has improved a lot.a. thanks tob. thank youc. thanks ford. thanks7. i want to pay you a short visit if .a. you are convenientb. it is convenient for youc. it is convenient to youd. it convenient to you8. they always us for the help of finishing homework.a. relying onb. rely onc. depends ond. are depending9. they said the sports meeting will be put off the storm.a. becauseb. sincec. owing ofd. due to10. i her for a long time, but she refused to listen to my reason.a. argued withb. agreed withc. played withd. did with巩固提高一. 完成句子。1.（2015 江苏高考改编）many of the things we now would not be around but for thomas edison（受益）.2. , then you will get one ticket. (insert)投入一枚一元硬币，你就会得到一张票。3. liu xiang determined in 2012 london olympic games, but fortunately he couldnt make it. (record)刘翔决心在2012年的伦敦奥运会中创立新的记录，但不幸的事他未能如愿。4. has had a bad effect on the couples emotion. (argue)夫妻间经常为钱而争吵对夫妻感情产生不良影响。5. a serious traffic accident . (jam)一场严重的交通事故引发了两小时的交通阻塞。6. that more senior middle school students will be admitted into universities in a few years. (hopeful)几年后更多的高中生将有希望被大学录取。7. nurses should , but soldiers should be cruel to enemies. (gentle)护士应该对病人温和，但战士应该对敌人残酷。8. politicians . (sensitive)政治家总是对政治很敏感。9.（2015 天津高考改编）having worked for two days, steve managed to finish his report （准时）.10.（2013 浙江高考改编）if we leave right, (hope) well arrive on time.二. 单项选择。1. its maintained that in bulk is not good to the goods.a. communicationb. sendingc. transportd. traffic2. they food and clothes for the sufferers.a. gaveb. offeredc. providedd. looked for3. it is said that the early european playing cards for entertainment and education.a. were being designedb. have designedc. have been designedd. were designed4. he was found guilty, and lost his job .a. in consequenceb. in consequence ofc. as a result ofd. consequent5. you cant predict everything. often things dont as you expect.a. run outb. work outc. break outd. put out6. the minister that cuts in military spending were needed.a. disputedb. debatedc. arguedd. discussed7. how he is! he even cant work out a simple maths problem.a. stupidb. foolishc. sillyd. foolishly8. a great out of our polynesian village resort (度假胜地) at walt disney was asked how she enjoyed her visit.a. workingb. checkingc. tryingd. staying9. the bus that outside the inn would soon take the visitors downtown.a. held upb. pulled upc. got downd. set forth10. they are still to eat chinese food though they have been in america for years.a. contentb. pleasingc. interestedd. fond一. 选词填空：用方框中所给短语单词或短语的适当形式填空。at sb.s convenience, responsibility, argue with sb. about sth., fierce, fed up with, content, benefit from, sensitive, in consequence, schedule, give sb. a lift, work out1. we didnt have a receiver _ enough to pick up the signal.2. he was _ with his life, so he felt very happy.3. my grandfather became _ when he lost his temper.4. the teacher posted the _ of classes.5. i admit i should take full _ for the accident; i was too careless.6. who is the most likely to the old ladys death?7. he didnt finish his exercise and _, he had to stay at school after the school was over.8. im _ your complaints.9. they have already _ all the math problems by themselves.10. please send me an answer _.11. my wife has been _ me _ our sons schooling.12. he was a new driver and therefore i didnt want him to _.二. 单项选择。1. my neighbor, mr. green, looks very sad because he lost his job. _, he will find a new job and feel better soon.a. hopefullyb. luckilyc. thankfullyd. unfortunately2. they dont allow _ in the room, so you are not allowed _ here.a. smoking, to smokeb. to smoke, smokingc. smoking, smokingd. to smoke, to smoke3. you might help us _ these weeds.a. put upb. put outc. pull outd. pull up4. good technique in medicine means less pain and fewer deaths; _, it is our duty to master it.a. thusb. thereforec. otherwised. however5. tonys parents thought he was at school, but _ he was in an internet bar.a. fortunatelyb. at presentc. especiallyd. actually_阅读理解ai am really good at science, so i decided to take part in science competitions, which could excuse me from the college entrance exam if i did a good job. with the help of my teachers, i finished all the high school science courses beforehand (预先). meanwhile, i learnt part of the chemistry courses for college students on my own. in the first term of senior 2, i won first prize for both a chemistry and a computer science competition. i therefore gained the qualification for being recommended to university. i didnt content myself with this achievement. instead, i continued to take part in more science competitions. i pocketed a number of prizes, including first prize in the national high school chemistry competition (shanghai region), which qualified me to be a member of the team representing shanghai. in the final of the nhscc i won the gold medal and was able to join the national team! all my efforts were rewarded by admission to peking university. i received my offer last december. i recalled all the hardships id experienced when looki