高考英语译林版必修4探究学案：Unit 1 Period Two Word版含答案.doc

period twoword power & grammar and usagepart language focus.单词自测1.amazed adj.大为惊奇的amazing adj.令人惊奇(惊叹)的2.recommend vt.推荐；建议，劝告；介绍3.publisher n.出版社，出版机构；出版人，发行人publish vt.& vi.出版，发行；刊登4.senior adj.(高中或大学)毕业年级的；级别(或地位)高的；n.高年级学生，毕业班；学生；上司；年纪较长的人5.purchase vt.购买，采购；n.采购；购买的东西6.software n.软件7.tip n.建议，提示；顶端；末梢；小费；vt.& vi.(使)倾斜，倾覆；给小费8.eye-catching adj.引人注目的.短语默写1.be_tired_of对厌倦2.in_the_face_of 面对；在面前3.take_place 发生；进行4.be_amazed_by/at 对感到惊奇5.come_across 偶遇6.according to 根据7.be interested in 对感兴趣8.be satisfied with 对满意9.make good use of 充分利用10.attract ones attention 吸引某人的注意力1.present vt.提出；介绍；呈现；赠送 adj.出席的；在场的；现在的；目前的 n.现在；目前语境感悟(1)(教材p7)the sales & marketing department will present the results of their market research to the head of the company.销售和市场部门将把他们的市场调研结果提交给公司总经理。(2)the item you want is not available at present.你想要的那件商品目前没货。(3)the principal presented a diploma to each of the graduates.the principal presented each of the graduates with a diploma.校长把毕业证书授予每一位毕业生。归纳拓展(1)present sth to sb present sb with sth 把某物交给某人；把某物赠送给某人(2)at the present timeat presentnow 目前；现在(3)be present at 出席注意：present 作为形容词作定语时，意为“在场的，出席的”，放在被修饰词的后面；而作“现在的，目前的”讲时，放在被修饰词的前面。即时跟踪完成句子i presented_an_album_to_her_on_her_birthday.她生日时，我送给她一本相册。he presented_his_girlfriend_with a bouquet of flowers.他送给他的女友一束花。what he said at the meeting astonished _.a.everybody present b.presenting everybodyc.present everybody d.everybody presenting答案a解析句意：他在会上说的话使所有在场的人都感到震惊。present作“出席的，到场的”解时，只能用作后置定语；作“现在的，当前的”讲时，用作前置定语。故选a。2.amazed adj.大为惊奇的语境感悟(1)(教材p9)you will be amazed by his unique way of thinking and skilful writing.你会对他独特的思维方式和娴熟的写作所震惊。(2)we were amazed that he agreed so quickly.他那么快就答应了，这使我们大为惊奇。(3)to his amazement，the bee began to perform a dance.使他惊奇的是，这只蜜蜂竟然开始跳舞。归纳拓展(1)be amazed at/by对大为惊奇be amazed to see/hear/find对看到/听到/发现感到吃惊be amazed that.对感到惊讶(2)amaze vt.使吃惊，使惊异amazing adj.令人大为惊奇的amazement n.u惊愕，惊奇to ones amazement 让某人吃惊的是即时跟踪句型转换/完成句子i was amazed at his rapid progress in english.i was amazed that he had made rapid progress in english.its_amazing_that so many people came to these meetings.有那么多人来参加这些会议真是令人惊奇。we were_amazed_to_find that no one was hurt.我们惊奇地发现没有人受伤。3.recommend vt.推荐；建议；劝告；介绍语境感悟(1)(教材p9)yesterday i came across an interesting new book，which i would like to recommend here.昨天我偶然发现一本有趣的新书，我要在此推荐一下。(2)we recommend him for the job.我们推荐他做这项工作。(3)he recommended consulting a lawyer about it.他建议向律师咨询有关事宜。(4)the teacher recommended that the students (should) be careful.老师劝告学生们要细心。归纳拓展recommend sb for sth 推荐某人职位recommend sb sth recommend sth to sb 向某人推荐某物recommend sb as.推荐某人为recommend doing.建议做；劝告做recommend sb to do.劝某人做；建议某人做recommend that.建议注意：recommend 作“建议”讲，后跟宾语从句时，谓语动词需用虚拟语气，即“should动词原形”，should 可省略，类似于 suggest，advise，order 等词的用法。即时跟踪句型转换can you recommend me a good dictionary?can you recommend a good dictionary to me?the teacher recommended us to read the novel.the teacher recommended that we should read the novel.teachers recommend parents_their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety.a.not allow b.do not allowc.mustnt allow d.couldnt allow答案a解析句意：老师们建议父母们不要允许12岁以下的孩子骑自行车上学，以确保安全。recommend表“建议”时，其后的宾语从句的谓语用should do或should not do形式，should可以省略，故此题选a。4.senior adj.(高中或大学)毕业年级的；级别(或地位)高的 n.高年级学生；毕业班学生；上司；年纪较长的人语境感悟(1)(教材p9)i believe voyage to an amazing kingdom would be a good choice for senior high students.我认为奇异王国之旅对高中生而言是一个不错的选择。(2)she is senior to me，because she joined the firm before me.她比我资格老，因为她加入公司比我早。(3)my brother is three years my senior.my brother is my senior by three years.我哥哥比我大三岁。归纳拓展(1)be senior to sb 比某人年长；比某人地位高a is two years senior to b.a is senior to b by two years.a比b年长2岁。(2)senior作形容词时，没有比较级，不与than连用，只与to相搭配。类似用法的还有：superior adj.资历较高的；优秀的inferior adj.下等的，次等的junior adj.年幼的，地位低的即时跟踪完成句子he is too_senior_to_hold_the_senior_position.他年事已高而不能胜任这一高级职位。he is_senior_to_his_younger_sister by three years.他比妹妹大3岁。he is _ me in position in the company，but he doesnt lift up horn.a.junior than b.junior toc.senior to d.senior than答案c解析句意：他在公司的职位比我高，但他没有盛气凌人。在英语中，junior和senior本身就有比较级的意思，所以在表示比较时，用junior to或senior to，不用than。根据句意可知这里是senior to。 1.be tired of 对感到厌倦语境感悟(1)(教材p6)are you tired of wearing the same boring clothes every day?你是否厌倦了每天都穿同一套令人讨厌的服装？(2)he was fed up with answering his little sons continual questions.他对小儿子不断的提问感到厌倦。(3)the little child was tired from walking so far.这个小孩因为走了很长的路而感到疲惫。归纳拓展表示“厌倦，疲惫”的词组有：be/grow/get/become tired of对感到厌倦be bored/fed up with对厌倦be sick of对厌倦be/get/become tired from/with因而疲倦(指身体上的疲劳)即时跟踪完成句子im_getting/growing/becoming_tired_of travelling.我开始对旅行感到厌倦。he got_tired_with/from_a_long_walk.他因长途步行而疲劳。it was raining heavily when the traveler walked into the restaurant，_and_.a.wet；tired b.wet；tiringc.wetly；tired d.wetly；tiring 答案a解析句意：当这个游客走进旅馆时外面正下着大雨，他浑身湿透，感到非常疲乏。人感到疲劳时应该用tired，故可排除b、d两项；表示浑身湿透时要用形容词wet来作状语，表示状态，而不是副词。2.in the face of 面对语境感悟(1)(教材p8)she encouraged us not to give up in the face of pressure.她鼓励我们面对压力时不要放弃。(2)a great many poor people are faced with housing problems nowadays.如今许多贫穷的人面临着住房问题。归纳拓展face to face面对面be faced with 面临即时跟踪完成句子get off e-mail and pick up the phone or meet your customers face_to_face.别发邮件了，拿起电话或者与客户面对面交流。_with the threat of water shortage，beijing and shanghai are taking effective measures to save water and protect water resources.a.face b.faced c.facing d.to face答案b解析be faced with “面对”，用作状语时，通常省略be动词，保留分词形式。故选b。1.完全倒装语境感悟(1)(教材p7)also important are the sales targetsthe amount which they think they will sell in a future period.销售目标也重要，销售目标就是他们认为在未来一段时间内他们的销售量。(2)gone are the days when the chinese were looked down upon.中国人被瞧不起的日子一去不复返了。(3)present at the meeting are all the senior officials of the government.出席会议的都是政府的高级官员。(4)on the wall is an advertisement aimed to promote the product.在墙上是一则旨在促销这种产品的广告。归纳拓展(1)当主语较长时，可将表语提前，构成倒装句以平衡句子(2)当句首为副词out，in，up，down，off，here，there等，且主语为名词时，应用完全倒装(3)当表示地点的介词短语位于句首，且主语为名词时，也用完全倒装巧学助记口诀记倒装副介开头全倒装，遇到代词则照常。方位方式别遗忘，上下进出往前放。there、here用得上，时间顺序句首放。表语句首主语长，牢记口诀英语棒。即时跟踪完成句子crowded_was_the_bus_ in the front of which were sitting quite a few children.公共汽车坐满了人，前面坐着许多孩子。behind_the_building_stands_ an artificial hill with many small trees on it.这栋楼后有一座假山，上面有许多小树。look！from opposite the street _，screaming in panic.a.come two kidsb.coming two kidsc.comes two kidsd.two kids are coming答案a解析句意：看！从街道对面跑来两个孩子，惊恐地喊叫着。表方位的介词短语from opposite the street位于句首，句子应全部倒装。under a big tree _，half asleep.a.did sit a fat man b.a fat man satc.did a fat man sit d.sat a fat man答案d解析句意：一个胖人坐在一棵大树下，半睡半醒。分析结构可知，表示地点的介词短语under a big tree置于句首，句中的主语为名词a fat man，故需要用完全倒装，故选d。2.助动词do/does/did动词原形表强调语境感悟(1)(教材p9)according to the publisher，readers do seem to be interested in this new novel.根据出版商的说法，读者的确好像对这部小说很感兴趣。(2)he does know the place well.他的确很熟悉这个地方。(3)do write to me when you get there.你到那儿后务必给我写信。归纳拓展教材原句中do seem to.属于“助动词do/does/did动词原形”结构，该结构用法说明：(1)用于强调谓语动词(2)句子是肯定句(3)do/does用于一般现在时；did用于一般过去时注意：在肯定的祈使句中，用动词do来加强语气，可译成“务必，一定，千万”。即时跟踪完成句子i do_think you are a good cook.我的确认为你是个好厨师。you did_come after all that day.你那天毕竟还是来了。ive never seen you so rude!i _ something i shouldnt have，but i didnt mean that.a.have said b.had saidc.did say d.was saying答案c解析句意：我从没见过你如此粗鲁！我确实说了一些我不应该说的话，但那不是我的本意。该句用“助动词did动词原形”来强调谓语动词，故选c。.单词拼写1.smith is a senior(级别较高的) partner in the firm.2.he purchased the land for five hundred thousand dollars.3.he paid the bill and tipped(给小费) the waiter 20 pence.4.after graduation，he has been working at a software(软件) development project.5.therefore i recommend (推荐) myself to you without hesitation.6.i benefited(得益于)a lot from reading widely.7.we are amazed(大为惊奇)that scientists discovered a new planet in the solar system.8.he works as a publisher(发行人) in a publishing house.选词填空be tired of，in the face of，come across，be satisfied with，be amazed at1.to my surprise，she was_satisfied_with the result.2.an advertiser might trick customers into buying a product or a service，so sometimes we are_tired_of advertisements.3.while reading，keep reading ahead even when you come_across a new word.4.what could he do in_the_face_of all these difficulties?5.i was_amazed_at_her knowledge of painting and music.完成句子1.he asked me if_i_wanted_to_be_a_volunteer.他问我是否想当一名志愿者。2.do_give her my regards.务必代我问候她。3.he recommended that we_(should)_review_the_textbook_before_doing_homework.他建议我们先复习课本再去做作业。4.to_my_amazement，he has worked out the math problem that our math teacher couldnt do.令我诧异的是，他已经做出了那道连数学老师都不会做的数学题。5.conditions were so_bad_that it was impossible for him to find the trail again.环境是如此糟糕以至于再次找到雪橇痕迹对他来说是不可能的。.单项填空1.ms.zero was preparing food.under one of the apple trees in the garden _，smoking and looking at the harvest with a smile.a.stood her husband b.did her husband standc.her husband stood d.her husband standing答案a解析当地点状语位于句首，且主语是名词时，句子用完全倒装。故选a。2.one day i_a newspaper article about the requirement of an english professor at a nearby state college.a.came across b.came aboutc.came after d.came at答案a解析come across偶尔看到(读到、碰到、想到); come about发生，造成； come after跟踪，继之后(不能用被动)；come at得到，到达。根据题意选a。3.eye doctors recommend that a childs first eye exam _ at the age of six months old.a.was b.be c.were d.is答案b解析recommend作“建议”讲后跟宾语从句时，谓语动词用“should动词原形”，should可省略。故选b。4.as soon as she heard her name_，an_look turned up on her face.a.called；amazing b.called；amazedc.calling；amazed d.calling；amazing答案b解析hear her name called听到她的名字被别人喊；look/expression/voice的修饰语要用amaze的过去分词，因此b项正确。5.he_the heavy burden of carrying for a wife and two children.a.faced with b.facedc.was faced with d.was faced to答案c解析be faced with面临着。根据题意可知选c。part grammar直接引语和间接引语引述别人的话时，一般采用两种方式：一是引用别人的原话，把它放在引号内，称为直接引语；二是用自己的话加以转述，被转述的话不放在引号内，称为间接引语。直接引语变为间接引语时，要注意以下几点：人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语、方向性动词及句式等都要发生变化。1.人称的变化。人称变化一般遵循“一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新”的原则。原则说明一随主在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语及宾语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰，从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化二随宾直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称或被第二人称所修饰，从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语，也可以用第一人称第三人称不更新直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰，从句中的人称一般不需要变化he said to tom，“ill do my best to catch up with others.”he told tom that he would do his best to catch up with others.he said to her，“where did you put the glasses？”he asked her where she had put the glasses.mr smith said，“his latest book is a best-seller.”mr smith said his latest book was a best-seller.2.时态的变化。主句如果是一般过去时，直接引语变为间接引语时，时态要变成相应的各种过去时态。通常是相应的往前推一个，一般变化如下：直接引语时态间接引语时态一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时一般将来时过去将来时the old man said，“i have lived in this street since 1960.”the old man said that he had lived in that street since 1960.she said to me，“i wrote a letter to my parents three days ago.”she told me that she had written a letter to her parents three days before.“we are to meet at the school gate，”she said to me.she told me that they were to meet at the school gate.注意：直接引语变间接引语时时态不变的情况(1)当直接引语是客观真理时；(2)当直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语时；(3)当直接引语是过去完成时态时；(4)当主句谓语是一般现在时、现在完成时、一般将来时态时；(5)当直接引语表示的是谚语或名人名言时；(6)当直接引语表示客观的时刻表时。he said，“every dog has his day.”he said that every dog has his day.he says，“i have accepted her invitation.”he says he has accepted her invitation.3.指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和方向性动词的变化。引语词类直接引语间接引语指示代词thisthatthesethose时间状语nowthentodaythat daytonightthat nighttomorrowthe next/following dayyesterdaythe day beforelast nightthe night beforethe day before yesterdaytwo days beforethree days agothree days beforenext weekthe next/following week地点状语herethere方向性动词bringtakecomegothe student said，“we have learned about 3，000 english words so far.”the student said that they had learned about 3，000 english words by then.“here she burst into a flood of tears，”he said to me.he told me that she had burst into a flood of tears there.she said，“this is the house in which lu xun once lived.”she said that that was the house in which lu xun once had lived.注意：如果在当地转述，here不必改为there，动词come不必改为go；如果在当天转述，yesterday，tomorrow等时间状语也不必改变。“come here，please”，he said.he asked me to come here.(引述人地点不变)he asked me to go there.(引述人地点发生变化)4.句式的变化直接引语变间接引语时，通常句子结构要发生变化。各种句式的变化见下表：直接引语间接引语陈述句that引导的宾语从句一般疑问句if/whether引导的宾语从句反意疑问句if/whether引导的宾语从句特殊疑问句由原疑问词引导的宾语从句祈使句tell/ask/order/beg sb (not)to do sth 感叹句what，how，that引导的宾语从句the foreigner said to me，“i liked beijing very much.”the foreigner told me that he/she liked beijing very much.my teacher asked me，“do you like american country music？”my teacher asked me if/whether i liked american country music.“dont answer all at once，”she said to the pupils.she told the pupils not to answer all at once.“what a clever boy you are！”my teacher said to him.my teacher told him what a clever boy he was.my teacher told him that he was a clever boy.注意：(1)大多数情况下，if和whether可以互换，但后有or not，或在动词不定式前，或放在介词后作连接词时，一般只用whether。(2)间接引语一般要用陈述句的语序，即主、谓、宾的顺序。“do you like this one or that one？”tom asked.tom asked me whether i liked this one or that one.he asked，“how do you like it？”he asked me how i liked it.学法点拨口诀巧记直接引语变间接引语1.当直接引语为陈述句，变成间接引语的“顺口溜”是：去掉引号加that，人称变化要灵活，时态向后退一步，状语变化按规则。2.当直接引语为一般疑问句，变成间接引语的“顺口溜”是：去掉引号加if，陈述语序要记住，时态人称和状语，小心变化别马虎。3.当直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语的“顺口溜”是：直接去引号，陈述莫忘掉，小心助动词，丢它最重要。.用所给动词的适当形式填空1.john told his parents that he had_learned(learn)500 chinese words by the end of last term.2.he asked me what the weather would_be(be)like the next day.3.he said he has (have) breakfast at seven every morning.4.i told him that i had_lost(lose)my money and that i would find it.5.the teacher told the boys and girls not to_make (make)so much noise in class.6.he said that he bought(buy)me a book yesterday.7.he told me that he had_taught(teach)english since he came here.8.the pupil asked his teacher whether the moon goes(go)round the earth.9.his father told him that he should be(be)more careful the next time.10.she asked mr li whether he had_met(meet)that man at the station two hours before.单项填空1.albert einstein was born in 1879.as a child，few people guessed that he _ a famous scientist whose theories would change the world.a.has been b.had beenc.was going to be d.was答案c解析句意：阿尔伯特爱因斯坦出生于1879年。孩提时，很少有人会猜想到他能成为其理论会改变世界的著名科学家。由语境可知，此处指在爱因斯坦小时候人们所猜想的，表示“从过去看将来”，要用过去将来时态，用would/should do，was/were to do或者was/were going to do表示，故c项正确。2.i truly believe _ beauty comes from within.a.that b.wherec.what d.why答案a解析句意：我真的相信美来自人的内心。宾语从句意思完整，只缺连接词，故选a。3.tom told his teacher that he _ the army in 1989.a.joined b.had joinedc.has joined d.joins答案a解析当直接引语中有明确表示过去的时间状语时，变为间接引语时，其时态仍为一般过去时。4.he told me that practice _ perfect.a.makes b.madec.make d.making答案a解析根据句意，间接引语是格言、谚语时时态不变，仍用一般现在时。5.just as i got to the school gate，i realized i_my book in the cafe.a.have left b.had leftc.would leave d.was leaving答案b解析句意：我刚一到学校门口，就意识到我把书落在咖啡馆了。realized后省略了that，这里是一个宾语从句，从句时态与主句保持一致，“落下”的动作发生在“意识到”之前，应该用过去完成时，故选b。6.you have to know _ youre going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.a.what b.that c.where d.who答案c解析句意：你如果要计划到达那里的最好方法，就得知道自己要往哪里去。分析句子结构可知，know后的_ youre going是宾语从句，从句中缺少地点状语，故用where。7.he must have sensed that i _ him.he suddenly glanced at me and said quietly，“why are you staring at me like that？”a.would look at b.looked atc.was looking at d.am looking at答案c解析句意：他一定感觉到了我正在看他。他突然瞥了我一眼，轻轻地说：“你为什么那样盯着我看？”must have done是对过去发生的情况的推测，因此“我正在看他”也是发生在过去，而且是正在进行，故用过去进行时。.将下列句子变为直接引语1.i asked her where she was going and what she was going to do the next day.i_asked_her，“where_are_you_going_and_what_are_you_going_to_do_tomorrow？”2.the stranger asked me what my name was.the_stranger_asked，“whats_your_name？”3.she said that she would finish her work the next day.“ill_finish_my_work_tomorrow，”_she_said.4.the teacher asked if we could do it.the_teacher_asked，“can_you_do_it？”5.my teacher asked whether he was coming.my_teacher_asked，“is_he_coming？”6.he said those books were his.he_said，“these_books_are_mine.”.词形变换1.the mayor wrote a letter of recommendation (recommend) for mr.smith.2.it was the most amazing (amazed) experience of my life.3.the company has published (publisher) all of that authors works.4.they are intelligent (intelligence)，hard-working and lively students.5.some advertisements (advertise) tell the truth and some dont.单项填空1.if you want to visit the museum，i recommend _ there by underground.a.you would go b.goingc.you went d.to going答案b解析recommend doing sth“建议做某事”。若选a，would应改为should，或把would改为to。2.we were_at what he said.a.fond b.interested c.amazed d.satisfied答案c解析句意：我们对他说的话感到惊讶。be amazed at对感到惊讶；be fond of喜欢；be interested in对感兴趣；be satisfied with对感到满意。3.mr.green asked，“jack，hav