高考英语译林版必修4探究学案：Unit 2 Period Two Word版含答案.doc

period twoword power & grammar and usagepart language focus.单词自测1.transport n.交通运输系统；交通工具；运输；vt.运输，运送2.citizen n.公民；居民citizenship n.公民身份；公民权3.vest n.背心，汗衫；坎肩4.kettle n.(烧水用的)壶，水壶5.otherwise adv.否则，不然.短语默写1.put.together把放在一起2.get_around 随意走走；旅行；传播，流传3.make_friends 交朋友4.go_sightseeing 去观光，去游览5.look forward to 盼望，期望6.as.as possible 尽可能地7.come up with 提出；想出8.be helpful for 对有帮助，对有益1.transport n.u交通运输系统；交通工具；运输 vt.运输，运送语境感悟(1)(教材p29)public transport ought to be convenient.公共交通应该是方便的。(2)wheat is transported from the farms to the mills.把小麦从农场运到面粉厂。归纳拓展air/water/ocean/rail transport 空运/水运/海运/铁路运输transport .(from .) to .把(从)运到transportation n.运输易混辨析transport/traffictransport作“交通”讲时，指交通运输系统、运输工具traffic作“交通”讲时，指路上的行人、车马，着重指数量的多少。故“交通拥挤，交通中断”中的“交通”都用traffic即时跟踪用transport，traffic填空the government should try to improve the public transport system so people will use private cars less.he slowed his car down while driving in heavy traffic.2.otherwise adv.否则，不然；在其他方面；以不同的方式语境感悟(1)(教材p31)otherwise，you may hurt yourself.否则，你可能会伤着你自己。(2)in the kindergarten，the children learn singing，dancing，drawing and otherwise.孩子们在幼儿园里学唱歌、跳舞、画画等。(3)everybody has his merits or otherwise.每个人都有自己的优点和缺点。归纳拓展and otherwise 等等；及其他or otherwise 或相反；或其他情况即时跟踪用otherwise以及相关短语完成句子turn off the gas when the milk boils.otherwise it will be spilt.they recognize the impact that defects have，economic and_otherwise.you must accept the result，satisfactory or_e up with 想出，提出，提供(计划、建议、想法等)语境感悟(1)(教材p27)when you have finished，try to come up with two more events for each category.当你完成后，每一种类尽量再提出两个项目。(2)i hope you can come up with a good solution to the problem.我希望你能想出一个解决问题的好办法。(3) i came across your necklace when i was cleaning the bathroom this morning.我今天早上打扫浴室的时候发现了你的项链。归纳拓展come about发生come across (偶然)遇见/发现come along 到达；抵达；出现come up被提出；出现；发芽come out出来；长出；出版；结果是 即时跟踪用适当的介词填空how did this situation come about?you should be ready to solve any problem that may come along.the matter came up again at the board meeting.how is dennis getting along with his work?well，he could always _ a new idea for increasing sales.a.come up with b.come aboutc.get away with d.get up答案a解析句意：丹尼斯工作如何？很好，他总能想出利于销售的新主意。come up with想出，提出(主意、计划等)，符合句意。2.“get过去分词”类短语语境感悟(1)(教材p29)that sounds like a great idea，but ill have to take a shower and get dressed.那听起来是个好主意，但我得洗澡，穿衣服(2)small talk even helps people get hired.闲聊，甚至帮助人们获得工作。(3)the picture got damaged when we were moving.我们搬家时，那张画被碰坏了。归纳拓展get dressed穿衣服是“get过去分词”短语此类常见的短语有：get burnt烧伤get paid得到报酬get married结婚 get injured/hurt受伤get separated分离 get damaged毁掉get changed换衣服 get drunk喝醉即时跟踪完成句子rachel and david are getting_married on saturday.雷切尔和戴维将在星期六结婚。in china，most workers get_paid_by_the_month.在中国，大部分工人按月领工资。to avoid_on how to use the word，youd better refer to a dictionary.a.to get confused b.getting confusedc.to get confusing d.getting confusing答案b解析动词avoid后需跟动词-ing形式，同时系动词get 后要跟过去分词，因此答案选b。状语从句的省略语境感悟(1)(教材p29)when choosing a city to host the olympics，there are certain things we need to consider.当我们选择一个主办奥运会的城市时，必须要考虑某些事情。(2)if (you are) accepted for the job，youll be informed soon.如果你被录用做这份工作的话，你将会很快接到通知。(3)although (he was) a farmer，now he is a famous director.尽管他曾是个农民，现在却是位著名的导演。(4)as (he was) young，he learned how to ride a bike.他小时候就学会了骑自行车。归纳拓展(1)教材原句使用了when引导的时间状语从句，从句里省略了主语we 和连系动词are(2)状语从句的省略需要同时具备下列两个条件：主句和从句的主语一致，或从句主语为it从句中的主要动词是be的某种形式时，从句中的主语和be动词常可省略即时跟踪完成句子whenever_(she_is)_free，she often goes shopping.她一有空就去逛商店。he wont go there with us unless_(he_is)_invited.除非受到邀请，否则他不会和我们一起去那里。the teacher told us to remain silent unless _.a.to be asked b.askedc.being asked d.you asked答案b解析句意：老师告诉我们要保持沉默，除非被问到。这里是unless引导的条件状语从句，原句应是unless we were asked，主句和从句主语一致，从句中包含助动词be，主语和be动词可省略。这里省略了we were。.单词拼写1.jenny helped me with my study.otherwise(否则) i couldnt have passed the exam.2.babies who were born in america have become citizens(公民) of the united states.3.all the goods will be transported(运输) by train and delivered to every part of the country.4.ill put the kettle(壶) on and make some tea.5.he takes off his coat to reveal a bright red vest(背心).选词填空make friends，look forward to，as.as possible，get around，come up with1.looking_forward_to the future，we hope to expand our overseas branches.2.public transport provides a cheap way to get_around in beijing.3.he decided to make_friends with most of the classmates in the class.4.try to make your poster as attractive as_possible.5.although against my opinion，the old professor didnt come_up_with his own.完成句子1.as_(she_was)_walking_along_the_river_bank，she was singing a pop song.她一边沿着河堤走，一边唱着流行歌曲。2.the_newly-built_supermarket is to be opened next month.新建的那个超市将于下个月营业。3.the student dressed_in_white is my daughter.穿白色衣服的学生是我女儿。4.thailand is a great place to_go_sightseeing.泰国是一个观光旅游的好地方。5.his_coming_here added to our trouble.他的到来增加了我们的困难。.单项填空1.news_soon that he had resigned.a.got down b.got awayc.got around d.got through答案c解析句意：他辞职的消息很快传开了。get around传播，流传。2._ along the old silk road is an interesting and rewarding experience.a.travel b.travelingc.having traveled d.traveled答案b解析句意：沿着古老的“丝绸之路”旅行是一次有趣、有意义的经历。分析句子成分可知，本句空格处在句中作主语，应用动名词的一般式。选项c为其完成式，不符合语法要求。3.when first_to the market，these products enjoyed great success.a.introducing b.introducedc.introduce d.being introduced答案b解析when 引导的时间状语从句的主语为these products，跟主句的主语一致，从句谓语动词应用were introduced，所以主语和be动词均可省略，故选b。4.in some parts of london，missing a bus_waiting for another hour.a.means b.mean c.meant d.meaning答案a解析动名词短语作主语，谓语动词用单数，故选a。5.thanks for your kind help.we would have_lost the game!a.therefore b.or c.otherwise d.then答案c解析由would have lost看出使用了虚拟语气，otherwise意为“否则，要不然”，表示了假设的条件。故选c。part grammar情态动词一、情态动词表特别语气1.can和could(1)表示能力，可译为“能，会”。one cannot learn a language well unless one works hard.学好一种语言非下苦功不可。(2)表示允许、许可，常用在口语中。could比can语气上要客气。he asked me whether he could take the book out of the reading room.他问我可不可以把书带出阅览室。(3)表示惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度，主要用于否定句和疑问句中。how can you be excused for such a silly reason?你怎么会因为如此可笑的借口而得到原谅呢？注意：cannot/can never.too.意为“不可能太，无论怎样也不算过分，越越”。you cant praise the book too much.这本书值得大加赞扬。2.must(1)must表示有做某一动作的必要或义务，强调主观看法，可译为“必须，应该”。teachers must be patient enough with their students.老师必须对学生有足够的耐心。(2)must not表示禁止，是说话人强有力的劝告或命令，意为“一定不要，不准”。you must not be governed by the opinions of others.你绝不要受别人意见的支配。(3)must可用来表示“偏偏，非要”的意思。when i was taking a nap，a student must knock at the door.正当我午睡时，偏偏一个学生在这个时候来敲门。注意：(1)以must提问的一般疑问句，意为“必须吗”。肯定回答用must(必须)，否定回答用neednt或dont/doesnt have to(不必)。must i finish the work today?我必须在今天完成工作吗？yes，you must.是的，你必须。no，you neednt.不，你不必。(2)have to与must的区别have to“必须，不得不”，意义与must相近。但must表示的是说话人的主观看法，而have to则往往强调客观需要。must只有一种形式，即现在式与过去式都是一种形式，而have to则涉及各种人称、时态等方面的变化形式。in order to take the exam，well have to finish the whole book by the end of this month.为了考试，我们将不得不在月底结束整本书。3.may和might(1)may和might表示请求、许可，常译为“可以”。在口语中可用can，could代替may，但在正式场合用may。表示允许时，也可用might代替，might不表示过去时，而是表示语气比较婉转。you may take this seat if you like.如果你喜欢可以坐这个位置。may/might i have a talk with you?我可以和你谈谈吗？(2)may well主要用于加强推测的语气，表示具有较大的可能性，意为“很可能，大可以”。may/might as well主要用于表示提议或劝告，意为“最好，不妨”。what you say may well be true.你说的很可能是事实。i may as well start at once.我最好马上就动身。4.shall(1)表示征询意见或请求指示，用于第一、三人称疑问句。(2)表示说话人的意愿，有“命令、允诺、警告、决心”等意思，用于第二、三人称陈述句。you shall fall behind in your exam if you keep playing.如果你一直玩，你就会在考试中落后。(警告)we shall defend our city，whatever the cost may be.不管代价如何，我们要捍卫我们的城市。(决心)he shall have the book when i finish reading.我看完这本书就给他。(允诺)5.should和ought to(1)should/ought to表示义务，意为“应该”(某件事宜于做)，用于各种人称。customers who get bad service should complain，shouldnt they?没有得到满意服务的顾客应该抱怨，不是吗？the children ought to be taken good care of.这些孩子应该受到好的照顾。(2)should常与what，how，why等词连用，表示意外、惊讶等情绪。its strange you should say that，because i was thinking of it myself just now.很奇怪你会说到那件事，因为刚才我自己也在想它。6.will和would(1)will和would可表示意志、愿望和决心，用于各种人称陈述句。i will never tell you the secret.我永远不会告诉你这个秘密。they would not let him in because he was poorly dressed.他们不让他进去因为他衣着破旧。(2)will和would可表示某种倾向或习惯性动作。will表示现在的习惯动作，would表示过去的习惯动作。the boy will sit there hour after hour looking at the traffic go by.那男孩常常坐在那儿好几个钟头，看着车辆行人通过。注意：would与used to的区别would仅表示过去反复出现的动作，同现在没有联系；used to则着眼于过去和现在的对比，隐含现在已不存在。he used to be a naughty boy and cause trouble.他过去是个调皮的孩子，总会制造麻烦。7.need(1)情态动词needneed作为情态动词时，只有need一种形式，主要用于否定句和疑问句。you neednt return the book now.you can keep it till next week if you like.你现在不必还书，如果愿意，你可以下周还。need he finish the article next week?他要下个星期完成这篇文章吗？yes，he must.是的，他必须完成。no，he neednt.不，他不需要。(he doesnt have to)(2)行为动词needneed作行为动词，可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句中。有人称和数的变化。he has grown up.we dont need to worry about him.他已经长大了，我们不必为他担心。二、情态动词表猜测1.must表示推测，它的肯定程度比may，might，could大得多，一般只用于肯定句。carol must get very bored with her job.she does the same thing every day.卡萝尔肯定对她的工作厌烦了。她每天都做同样的事。2.can/could表示推测，可用于肯定句(can罕见)、否定句和疑问句，但更常见于疑问句或否定句。that man cant be our headmaster.our headmaster has gone to england.那个人不可能是我们的校长。我们校长去英国了。注意：can可以用于肯定句中表客观可能性，译为“有时会，可能会”。the temperature can fall to-60 ；that is 60 below freezing.气温可降至-60 ，也就是冰点以下60 。3.ought to/should表示推测，暗含很大的可能，译为“应该是，会是”。4.may/might表示推测，译为“可能，也许”。可能性小。he might recover from the disease，but i am not sure.他或许可以从疾病中恢复过来，但是我没有把握。三、情态动词have done1.must have done表示对过去事实有把握的推测，具有较大的可能性。只用于肯定句中，否定句和疑问句用can/could have done。i rang your flat yesterday.a man answered but i didnt recognize the voice.oh，it must have been my brother peter.昨天我给你家打电话。一位男士接了电话，但我没听出来是谁的声音。哦，那一定是我哥哥彼得。2.can/could have done表示对过去事实的推测，常用于否定句和疑问句。lesley walked past me without speaking.she cant/couldnt have seen me.莱斯利从我身边走过而没打招呼，她肯定没看见我。3.could have done可表示对过去能做而未做的事感到惋惜、遗憾，译为“本来是可以的”，只用于肯定句中。given more time，we could have done the work better.如果给我们更多的时间，我们可以把这项工作做得更好。4.should/ought to have done表示对过去动作的责备或批评，译为“本应该做却没做”。he should have given priority to his safety rather than to the loss of money.他本来应该优先考虑他的安全，而不是金钱的损失。5.neednt have done用于对过去的责备，表示“没有必要做某事，可是做了”。it was fine that day，so i need not have brought an umbrella with me.那天天气很好，我原本不必带伞的(但却带了)。.用适当的情态动词填空1.lets keep together or we shall lose each other.2.the sailors couldnt see land for many days.3.since you have no time，you need not attend the tea party.4.under no circumstances shall i leave you.5.they had_to put off the sports meet due to the bad weather.6.put on more clothes.you must be feeling cold with only a shirt on.7.he just had his lunch.he cant be hungry already.8.will you share your happiness with us?9.i promise her daughter shall get a nice present on her birthday.will it be a big surprise to her?10.ive decided to take the job and i wont change my mind.单项填空1.george _ too far.his coffee is still warm.a.must have gone b.might have gonec.cant have gone d.neednt have gone答案c解析句意：乔治不可能走远。他的咖啡还是热的。cant have done表示对过去情况的否定推测，意为“不可能做了”。2.i love the weekend，because i _ get up early on saturdays and sundays.a.neednt b.mustntc.wouldnt d.shouldnt答案a解析句意：我喜欢周末，因为每逢周六、周日我不需要早起。neednt意为“不需要”；mustnt意为“禁止”；wouldnt意为“不会”；shouldnt意为“不应该”。根据句意可知选a项。3.in todays information age，the loss of data _ cause serious problems for a company.a.need b.should c.can d.must答案c解析句意：在今天的信息化时代，丢失数据可能会给公司造成严重的问题。can在此表示客观可能性，意为“可能会，有时候会”；need意为“需要”；should表示“(按道理)应当”之意；must可表主观猜测，意为“一定、肯定会”，均不符合题意。4.sorry，mum！i failed the job interview again.oh，its too bad.you _ have made full preparations.a.must b.can c.would d.should答案d解析句意：很抱歉，妈妈，我的面试又失败了。噢，真是太糟糕了，你本应该做好充分准备的。should have done本应该做但是没有做。5.you _ feel all the training a waste of time，but im a hundred percent sure later youll be grateful you did it.a.should b.need c.shall d.may答案d解析句意：你可能觉得所有的培训都是浪费时间，但是我百分之百确定，你以后会为你这么做了而心存感激的。由句意可知，此处表示语气不强烈的推测，故用may。6.you _ be carol.you havent changed a bit after all these years.a.must b.can c.will d.shall答案a解析句意：你一定是卡萝尔，这些年以来你一点都没变。根据第二句可知，此处应用must表示很有把握的推测，意为“一定，肯定”；must表推测时只用于肯定句，一般不用于否定句或疑问句。7.it was so noisy that we _ hear ourselves speak.a.couldnt b.shouldntc.mustnt d.neednt答案a解析句意：太吵闹了，我们连自己说的话都听不到。couldnt表示“不能”，符合语境。8.i _have worried before i came to the new school，for my classmates here are very friendly to me.a.mightnt b.mustntc.neednt d.couldnt答案c解析句意：在来到新学校前我本不必担心，因为在新学校我的同班同学对我很友好。neednt have done.本没必要做，符合题意。9.life is unpredictable；even the poorest _ become the richest.a.shall b.must c.need d.might答案d解析句意：生活是无法预测的，甚至最贫穷的人也许会成为最富有的人。根据前句“life is unpredictable”说明一切都有可能，所以使用might表示存在的可能性。10.i still remember my happy childhood when my mother _ take me to disneyland at weekends.a.might b.must c.would d.should答案c解析句意：我仍旧记得我快乐的童年，那时我的母亲常在周末带我去迪斯尼乐园。would表示过去的习惯性动作，可译为“过去常常”。.词形变换1.to his great delight (delighted)，his novel was accepted for publication.2.they were in competition(compete) with each other for the prize.3.we climbed in through a small opening (open).4.the company paid his transportation(transport) to america.5.the children were excited (excite) at the thought of the journey.单项填空1.once _，this dictionary will be very popular!a.printed b.printingc.to print d.is printed答案a解析句意：一旦出版，这本词典将会非常畅销！ 原句是once this dictionary is printed，当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，可以省略状语从句的主语和系动词be。2.she published her first comic strip in guangzhou，while_in a designing school in hunan province.a.studying b.is studyingc.studied d.was studying答案a解析从句的完整形式为：while she was studying in.，从句中的she和was都被省去。3.everyone is trying to _ a better idea to persuade him to stay.a.put out b.come acrossc.come up with d.put up with答案c解析句意：每个人都在努力想出一个更好的主意劝他留下。put out“扑灭”；come across“偶遇”；come up with“提出，想出”；put up with“忍受”。4.im afraid mr.harding_see you now.hes busy.a.cant b.mustntc.shouldnt d.neednt答案a解析句意：恐怕harding先生现在不可能见你，他很忙。cant不可能；mustnt禁止，不准；shouldnt不应该；neednt不必，由句意知选a项。5.although you_find bargains in london，its not generally a cheap place to shop.a.should b.need c.must d.can答案d解析句意：虽然你可能在伦敦找到便宜货，但那通常不是一个购物便宜的地方。can表示“可能”时尽管多用于否定句和疑问句中，但在肯定句中也可以表示“可能”，指客观上的可能性。由句意可知，此处指客观上的可能性，故选can。6.christmas day is usually celebrated on december 25th _ the birth of jesus christ.a.in praise of b.in honour ofc.in terms of d.in association with答案b解析句意：人们通常在十二月二十五日庆祝圣诞日以纪念耶稣基督的诞辰；in praise of “称赞”；in honour of “纪念”；in terms of “在方面”；in association with “与在一起，与联合”。7.thanks for your directions to the house; we wouldnt have found it _.a.nowhere b.however c.otherwise d.instead答案c解析句意：谢谢你给我们指明方向，否则我们不可能找到这栋房子。otherwise表示“否则”，符合语境。而nowhere“无处”，however“然而”，instead“取代”，均不符合句意。8.what an important _ mr.smith played in the cartoon and animation expo!a.role b.recordc.activity d.significance答案a解析句意：史密斯先生在这次动漫展中发挥了多么重要的作用啊！play a role/part in为固定搭配，意为“在中扮演角色；在发挥作用”。9.since you have made such good preparations，there_be any problem about passing the coming exam.a.mustnt b.shant c.shouldnt d.neednt答案c解析句意：既然你已做了这么好的准备，通过即将来临的考试，你不应该有任何问题。there shouldnt be.不应该有。10.the woman biologist had stayed in africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned.oh，dear！she_a lot of difficulties!a.may go throughb.might to go throughc.ought to have gone throughd.must have gone through答案d解析由上句的“这位女生物学家在回国前在非洲待了13年来研究动物”可推测，她一定经历了许多困难。表示对过去情况的肯定推测用must have done的形式。.阅读理解aalexis was hot_and tired.with rage in her voice she shouted，“pull me up! i give up，i hate this.this is stupid! ”it was at that moment when jason，the adviser on the trip，looked at me and said，“ed，im going to go down and talk with her.”i then shouted down to alexis，“hold on! you can do this.we know you can! ”jason grasped another rope，put his climbing harness(系带)on and began to repel down the cliff.within moments jason was beside alexis.she had her cheek directly against the face of the rock with her feet barely resting on a small piece of the cliff that jetted outward.jason said to alexis，“i know that you have been on this cliff now for what seems like a long time.your feet and fingers are cramping(痉挛)up and your forearms feel as though they are on fire.but，alexis，you are strong，look how far up you are already.you have taken one of the more difficult paths up the cliff.look alexis，look at the path you have taken.”at that moment，alexis moved her cheek away from the rock face and looked down.the bright white chalk she used on her hands to give her a better hold，showed the path where her tired hands had moved her upward on the cliff.jason was right.alexis had taken the hardest way up the cliff.jason then looked straight into alexis eyes and in a calm voice he said，“you are not alone out here，there are people who care about you，who want to help you and see you succeed.we are going to do this together.are you ready? ”slowly she shook her head yes and took a deep breath.【语篇解读】文章讲解了亚历克西斯在一次攀岩的过程中，爬到一半时自己想放弃了，在贾森的帮助鼓励下最终鼓足了勇气继续攀登。1. jason went down the cliff because_.a.alexis took a wrong pathb.alexis was trapped i