高考英语译林版选修七 真题点睛学案：Unit 12 Word版含答案.doc

period twoword power & grammar and usagepart language focus.单词自测1ample adj.足够的，充足的，丰裕的2casual adj.非正式的，随便的；漫不经心的，不经意的casually adv.随便地，漫不经心地3insurance n保险；保障措施insure vt.给购买保险4obvious adj.显然的，显而易见的obviously adv.显然地，无疑地.短语自测1a_large_amount_of大量的2as_well_as也，又，还3work_on从事于，致力于4ahead_of在前面5in_some_way在某种程度上6answer_for对负责；保证1entertainment语境感悟(1)(教材p6)this is a very popular section because many of the products are for entertainment.这是一个非常流行的部分，因为许多产品是供娱乐的。(2)what they performed entertained the audience well.他们所表演的极好地娱乐了观众。(3)it is generous of him to entertain us in so big a restaurant.在这么大的餐馆招待我们，他真慷慨。(4)he told us an entertaining tale.他给我们讲了一个有趣的故事。归纳拓展(1)entertainment n娱乐；款待(2)entertain vt.使快乐；招待，款待entertain sb.with sth.用某物使某人快乐/招待某人(3)entertaining adj.使人愉快的即时跟踪完成句子我认为看电视不仅仅是为了娱乐。i think watching tv is not just for_entertainment.他既讲故事，又说笑话，把我们逗得乐了好几个小时。he entertained_us_for_hours_with his stories and jokes.2casual语境感悟(1)(教材p9)we had a casual conversation in the waiting room.我们在候诊室里闲聊。(2)jean felt more comfortable in casual clothes.琼穿上便服感到更舒服。(3)i casually mentioned that i might be interested in working abroad.我不经意地提到我可能会对出国工作感兴趣。归纳拓展(1)casual adj.非正式的；漫不经心的；偶然的；临时的be casual about对漫不经心casual clothes便装(2)casually adv.偶然地；无意地；若无其事地即时跟踪完成句子据我所知，有些美国年轻人对穿着很随便。as i know，some american young people seem to_be_casual_about_clothes.约翰上周因为工作态度散漫被辞退了。john was dismissed last week because of his casual_attitude_towards his job.1a large amount of语境感悟(1)(教材p6)a large amount of educational software can also be found here.很多教育软件都可以在这里找到。(2)now，a large amount of water is polluted.now，amounts of water are polluted.现在，大量的水被污染了。(3)now a great number of college graduates are seeking to get a highpaid job.如今很多大学毕业生努力想找一份待遇好的工作。(4)a great deal of money was donated to a university by an ordinary worker，which aroused public attention.一位普通的工人向一所大学捐赠了大量的金钱，这引起了公众的关注。归纳拓展a large amount of大量的关于“许多；若干”的短语：可数名词复数可数名词单数单数谓语动词可数名词复数或不可数名词不可数名词注意：a large/small amount of后接不可数名词表示“大量/少量的”，作主语时谓语动词用单数；也可以用“amounts of不可数名词”表示“大量的”，作主语时谓语动词用复数。即时跟踪用所给动词的正确形式填空/单句改错many a famous pop star has_been_ruined(ruin) by drugs.large amounts of money were_spent(spend) on the bridge.a large amount of money was_spent(spend) on the bridge.the amount of rain the growth of crops.2as well as语境感悟(1)(教材p6)the most popular ones have cameras and internet access as well as games and all sorts of other functions.最流行的(手机)除了有游戏和其他各种各样的功能外还可以照相和上网。(2)this training program can give you a lift at work，as well as increase your income by 40%.这个训练项目能对你的工作有帮助，也能给你增加40%的收入。(3)never before has she seen anybody who can play tennis as well as robert.以前她从没见过有人打网球会和罗伯特一样好。归纳拓展(1)as well as作连词，表示“和，也，既(又)，不仅(还)”。常用来连接两个并列成分。它连接的两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词应与as well as前的成分在人称和数上保持一致。(2)as well as作介词，意为“除之外(还)”，常位于句首，相当于besides，in addition to。(3)as well as.还表示“和一样好”。即时跟踪完成句子/单句改错我们不仅可以更多地了解伟人的生活而且可以了解其他国家的历史和文化。we can know more about the life of great people as_well_as_history_and_cultures_of_other_countries.这个著名的音乐家和他的学生们都被邀请在2012年的台北花卉博览会开幕式上表演。the famous musician，as well as his students，was_invited_to_perform at the opening ceremony of the 2012 taipei flower expo.the parents as well as the child invited to the party.1have sth.done语境感悟(1)(教材p9)i was at the dentists last sunday to have my teeth checked.上周日我去牙医诊所检查牙齿。(2)the teacher had us hand in our homework on time.老师让我们按时交作业。(3)i have a lot of homework to do now.现在我有很多家庭作业要做。归纳拓展have sth.done中过去分词作宾补，表示被动的含义，有时也可用get sth.done来替换，该结构的意思是“使某事被做”，有时翻译成“请人做某事”或“主语遭遇到某事”。have sb.do.让某人做某事have sb./sth.doing.让某人一直做某事(某事处于某种状态)；用于否定句，have表示“容忍，容许”之意。have sth.to do.有事要做，have意为“有”。即时跟踪用所给动词的正确形式填空it was cold.they had the fire burning(burn) the whole night.many people had their houses damaged(damage)in the earthquake.i have a lot of readings to_complete(complete) before the end of this term.2be doing.when.语境感悟(1)(教材p9)i was sitting in the waiting room when a young man entered.我正在候诊室里面坐着，这时一个年轻人走了进来。(2)he was about to jump/was on the point of jumping into the river when his guide stopped him.他正要跳进河里，这时他的向导阻止了他。(3)they had just covered three miles when they realized they had left their ids at home.他们刚走了三英里，突然意识到他们把身份证忘在家里了。归纳拓展即时跟踪单句语法填空/句型转换he was listening to the song when memories of staying abroad as an exchange student came into his mind.i had_gone(go)only a few steps when i realized my greetings had been impolite.she was about to leave her house when one of her friends came.she was on_the_point_of_leaving when one of her friends came.3itbeadj./n.从句语境感悟(1)(教材p9)it was obvious that he was suffering great pain when he talked.很显然，他说话时忍受着巨大的痛苦。(2)it is still a mystery why he went abroad suddenly.他为什么突然出国仍然是个谜。(3)it is unknown whether he will join us in the discussion.他是否会与我们一起讨论还不得而知。归纳拓展it was obvious that.属于“itbeadj./n.从句”结构，该结构用法如下：(1)it为形式主语，真正的主语为后置的从句。(2)从句的引导词：that，when，where，why，how，whether，if等。(3)it作形式主语，主语从句后置的情况有：it不及物动词(如seem，happen，turn out，occur等)that从句it is名词性短语(如a pity，a fact，a wonder，an honor等)that.it isadj.(如natural，obvious，possible，likely等)that从句it is过去分词(如reported，believed，said，announced等)that从句注意：(1)that引导从句时，仅起连接作用，不作成分，也无词义；whether/if引导从句时，有词义，起连接作用，但不作成分；其余的连接代词/连接副词有词义，起引导从句和充当句子成分的双重作用。(2)在“it is strange/natural/important/necessary/essential.that从句”结构中，从句可用虚拟语气，表示某种感情色彩，其谓语动词常用should do或should be done。即时跟踪完成句子他下周要来，真是太奇怪了。it is strange that he_should_come_next_week.他突然想到把钥匙落在办公室里了。it_suddenly_occurred_to_him_that he had left his keys in the office.这正是我们该把重点放在提高食品安全性上的时候了。its_high_time_that_we_placed great emphasis on the improvement of food safety.单句语法填空1as well as the stress and pressure from her job，she bore the burden of caring for her sick mother.2i heard the alarm ringing all the morning. obviously(obvious)，something very urgent happened.3it is reported that the new public transportation system will have_been_set(set) up by the end of 2020.4if you go on doing this，we wont answer for the consequence.5on the graduation day students will have pictures taken(take) in caps and gowns.选词填空1i finished the work several days ahead_of the deadline.2the system wastes a_large_amount_of water.3he never once referred_to his notes during the speech.4as_well_as knowing russian，she speaks french very well.5you look well.the air and the sea foods in sanya must agree_with you，i suppose.完成句子1他发生了什么事？what_happened to him?2公主将要让一个年轻的裁缝制作她的新衣服。the princess is going to have_her_new_clothes_made by a young tailor.3他正在睡觉，这时有人敲门。he was_sleeping_when there was a knock at the door.4他有必要被送到美国进修。it is necessary that he (should)_be_sent to the usa to study.5很显然他不愿离开家乡。it_is_obvious_that he is reluctant to leave his hometown.part grammar及物动词与不及物动词英语中按动词后可否直接跟宾语，可把动词分成及物动词(transitive verbs)与不及物动词(intransitive verbs)。及物动词后面必须跟宾语意义才完整；不及物动词后不能直接跟宾语，若要跟宾语，必须先在其后添加上某个介词，然后再跟宾语。一、及物动词及物动词常用于以下结构：1主语谓语宾语he reached paris the day before yesterday.(paris是reached的宾语)他前天到达巴黎。2主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语(1)直接宾语是动词的直接作用对象，通常指事物；间接宾语是事物接受者，通常是人。please hand me the book over there.(me是hand的间接宾语，the book是直接宾语)请把那儿的那本书递给我。(2)如果间接宾语位于直接宾语之后，则由介词to，for等引出，成为介词间接宾语。由to引出间接宾语的动词有give，show，pass，lend，take，tell等；由for引出间接宾语的动词有buy，make，cook，get，sing，read等。would you tell the end of the story to your students?把故事结局告诉你的学生好吗？mother cooks delicious food for us every day.母亲每天为我们做好吃的食物。3主语谓语宾语宾语补足语(1)宾语补足语通常由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、现在分词或过去分词担任。our army made the countryside the base of revolution.(名词作宾语补足语)我们的军队把农村作为革命根据地。we should teach our children to serve the people wholeheartedly.(不定式作宾语补足语)我们应该教孩子们全心全意为人民服务。they saw the girl playing by the woods.(现在分词作宾语补足语)他们看见那个女孩在树林边玩。(2)及物动词的被动语态大多数的及物动词有主动语态和被动语态两种语态，但下列及物动词不能用于被动语态。当句子的谓语表示“拥有；容纳；适合；明白；相互作用”等时，没有相应的被动语态。the millionaire possesses great wealth.这位百万富翁拥有大量的财富。the boy said，“i didnt catch the last two words.”这个男孩说：“我没听清楚最后两个词。”某些特殊的实义动词，如have表示“有；吃；经历等”；last表示“持续；经久”；cost表示“价值；花费”时，没有相应的被动语态。i usually have breakfast at half past six.我通常六点半吃早饭。this coat has lasted me five years.这件外衣我已穿了五年。即时跟踪1句型转换grandma told me an interesting story last night.grandma told_an_interesting_story_to_me last night.will you please get me a new copy?will you please get_a_new_copy_for_me?my father has bought me a new bike.my father has_bought_a_new_bike_for_me.this term i have written three letters to my parents.this term i have_written_my_parents_three_letters.robinson crusoe made himself a boat.robinson crusoe made_a_boat_for_himself.mary handed a wallet to the schoolmaster.mary handed_the_schoolmaster_a_wallet.二、不及物动词1不及物动词不跟宾语，也不能用于被动语态，但常常带状语。my watch stopped.我的表停了。she spoke at the meeting yesterday evening.她在昨天晚上的会上发了言。more challenges lie ahead of me.在我前面有更多的挑战。the waters rose higher and higher，as a result，more than 1,000 people had to leave their homes.水位升得越来越高，结果1 000多人不得不离开他们的家园。2有些不及物动词可以与介词搭配，再接宾语。the children are listening to the music.孩子们正在听音乐。即时跟踪2完成句子油价已经上涨。the price of oil has_gone_up.他再一次向我道歉。he apologized_to_me again.杰克跑得比迈克要快些。jack runs_faster than mike.月亮绕着地球转。the moon moves_around the earth.这场雨将对庄稼大有好处。the rain will benefit_the_crops_greatly.三、兼作及物动词和不及物动词英语中有些动词可以兼作及物动词和不及物动词。这样的动词有两种不同的情况：1兼作及物动词和不及物动词时，意义不变。shall i begin at once？(begin作不及物动词)我可以立刻开始吗？she began working as a librarian after she left school.(began作及物动词)她毕业后开始当图书馆管理员。when did they leave beijing？(leave作及物动词)他们是什么时候离开北京的？they left last week.(left作不及物动词)他们是上周离开的。2兼作及物动词和不及物动词时，意义不尽相同。finally，her parents approved of her marriage.最后，她父母同意了她的婚姻。congress approved the bill.国会批准了这法案。即时跟踪3完成句子大家注意，我们的比赛开始。everybody，our_game_begins.我们开始上课吧。let us begin_our_class.当云雾散去的时候，我们看见了山。we saw the mountain when_the_clouds_lifted.他举起酒杯喝酒。he lifted_his_glass and drank.谁将从这项政策中获益？who will benefit_from_the_policy?.选词填空1he did not approach easily, but was willing to accept any constructive advice for a worthy cause.(2016江苏)2we can achieve a lot when we learn to let our differences unite, rather than _divide us.(2016浙江)3when the time came to make the final decision for a course，i decided to apply for the one that _reflected my interest.(2016浙江)4if you come to visit china, you will_experience a culture of amazing depth and variety.(2015安徽)5schools should be lively places where individuals are encouraged to develop to their greatest potential.(2015江苏)6studies have shown that the right and left ear _process_sound differently.(2015浙江)7if steel is heavier than water, why are ships able to float on the sea？(2015浙江)8if you have any doubts about your health, youd better consult your doctor at once.(2015天津)9the team are working hard to analyze the problem so that they can find the best solution.(2015湖北)10in order not to be heard，she pointed her finger upwards to signal that someone was moving about upstairs.(2015湖北).单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables and high quality oil are for cooking.(2016全国，短文改错)2we can choose between staying at home and a trip.(2016全国，短文改错)3however, my parents didnt seem to think so. they always me what to do and how to do it.(2016全国，短文改错)4i enjoyed close to the windows and looking at the view.(2015浙江，短文改错)5please help with me and give me some advice.(2015四川，短文改错).词形变换1the real cause of the problem lies in the poor construction(construct) of the bridge.2nowadays, basic health care services are accessible(access) to almost all the chinese people. this accounts for the fact that the average life expectancy of the chinese has already risen to 75.3the adaptation(adapt) to the environment has helped many animals to escape from their enemies.4the united nations organization(uno) could undertake to direct the distribution(distribute) of aid.5accidental deaths have decreased obviously (obvious)since the police launched a campaign to reduce road accidents.单元语法单句语法填空6i wont hire him. you know honesty is the most important factor i will_consider(consider)7he had tears in his eyes as he apologized for everything he did and didnt do.8these days strange things happened(happen) frequently in the small village, which caused a panic among the villagers.9although tasting(taste) a little bitter, this medicine will be good for curing the disease.10the good news lifted(lift) my spirits.11i would have come sooner but i didnt know that they were waiting for me.12i arrived at the station in a hurry, only to find the train had left.13everybody listened to the lecture with great interest.14she realized that it was not the words but the way she spoke(speak) to bruce that hurt him.15unless asked _to_answer(answer) questions, the pupils wont talk in mrs smiths class.阅读理解here are some of the coolest robots in the world.pleopleo is one of the most goodlooking robots on the market.the robot is designed to learn from its experiences，and the environment it is kept in.pleo has become especially popular among children，as it could be used for both entertainment and educational purposes.it exhibits lively behavior like eating and sleeping.it can now be bought at a price of $469.bigdogbigdog is the most advanced rough land robot on earth.designed to serve military(军事的)uses，the machine is around 3 feet long,2.5 feet tall，and weighs 240 pounds.the robot can move on rough land at a speed of four miles per hour，and is able to carry up to 340 pounds of weight.isobotan amazing humanlike robot，isobot is one of the smallest humanlike robots，with a height of just 6.5 inches and a weight of 12 ounces.it costs $300.it has become the mostproduced robot in the world.this small robot can walk，play the air guitar，and perform about 200 moves.this robot can be controlled by either a remote control or voice commands.schaftschaft is an awardwinning robot by google.it looks like a man.schaft can perform several tasks on its own，and is able to get through disaster areas and work with any tools and materials at hand.with the strength of 10 average people，schaft is able to lift and clear heavy things.it weighs 209 pounds.it is able to move at a speed of 2km/h.keeponkeepon is a small robot which can perform simple and natural interaction(互动)developed in 2007，keepon is an interactive toy designed to help children with autism(自闭症)in their social development，and costs anywhere from $40 to $100.16what makes pleo different from the other four robots mentioned in the text?abeing very cheap for customers.bhaving a very special appearance.chaving the ability to learn new things.dbeing able to be played with all the time.答案c解析细节理解题。根据第二段的the robot is designed to learn from its experiences，and the environment it is kept in.可知，这个机器人能够学习新的东西，这是它与其他四个机器人不一样的地方。17what do we learn about isobot?ait can move fast.bit is difficult to control.cit is costly to produce.dit has been very popular.答案d解析推理判断题。根据第四段的it has become the mostproduced robot in the world.可知，这款机器人生产量最大，故可推知它很受欢迎。18who would most probably buy keepon?achildren who want to win an award.bold and lonely people who need much help.cparents with a child who cannot interact well.dparents who want their children to learn new things.答案c解析推理判断题。根据末段的keepon is an interactive toy designed to help children with autism in their social development可知，这个机器人可以帮助交流有障碍的孩子，故最有可能购买的人群为c项。.完形填空food has always been one of the greatest wants of humankind.the search for food is the _19_ human behavior.thus，_20_ food were easier to get and prepare，it would be really _21_ for humankind.it would reduce a great burden(负担)the development of processed foods(加工食品)has made food easier to get and prepare._22_ every coin has two sides.apart from its advantages，the _23_ of cooking also has its disadvantages.though processed foods seem a great way to save _24_，they offer much less nutritional(营养的)value than traditional foods.people today are so _25_that they are not able to spend enough time preparing their food.as a result，many people _26_to eat processed foods，readytocook meals and various fast foods.but what will _27_ if one eats such food all year round？it will damage your _28_.the nutritional value of the food is not so high.worse still，research shows that preservatives(防腐剂) used in these foods are _29_ to children.thats why health experts warn people not to eat too much of such _30_ food.besides，since people spend little time _31_ food，the culture of cooking is slowly _32_.cooking is not done just to satisfy hunger；it is also a(n)_33_ form of art.across the world，there are thousands of _34_ cooking styles.if young people are used to processed foods，few of them will develop great cooking _35_.and when they become parents，it will be hard for their children to enjoy a(n) _36_ homecooked meal.whats more，cooking is a great time for _37_ to connect.there is a lot of _38_ when family members are preparing food together.in a word，i believe though processed food has made the preparation of food much easier，it has not been a good