【学霸课堂】外研版高中英语必修5新学案（56）：Module5.doc

period 5&6状语从句（一）：时间状语从句类型常见引导词时间状语从句when(当的时候/就在这/那时/突然), while(当的时候), as(当时/和同时/一边一边/随着); before(在.之前); after(在之后); as soon as/the moment/ the minute/ directly/ immediately/hardly when/ no soonerthan (一就); until/till(直到); notuntil(直到才); since(自以来/从.至今); ever since(自以来); every time, each time(每次); once(一旦); whenever(任何时候/无论何时/每当); be about to do sth when正要/正准备突然; the first time首次/第一次条件状语从句if; suppose, supposing(that), provided, providing(that), on condition that(如果，假如); unless(= if not)除非/如果不; so/as long as只要; in case万一/如果让步状语从句although, though(虽然/尽管); even if ,even though即使/虽然/尽管; as, while虽然/尽管; whetheror不论还是; no matter who, whoever无论谁; no matter when, whenever无论何时; no matter how, however无论如何/不管怎样; no matter what, whatever无论什么/不管什么i. 时间状语从句： 时间状语从句的引导词所表示的意思不尽相同，要注意把握不同的时间状语从句的引导词所表示的不同时间关系，以及它在具体句子中对应的对应时态、语态等问题。1. when、as、while引导的时间状语从句用when、as、while填空(1) _they heard the news, they were surprised.(2) l was walking down the street _ i saw some policemen.(3) _the child was playing with his toys, his parents were watching tv.(4) _l was walking down the street, i saw some policemen.(5) we must strike _ the iron is hot.(6) they shouted slogans _they passed the square.(7) the students took notes _ they listened.(8) _ he grew older, he became more confident.1.when意思：“当的时候”，“就在这/那时，突然”用法：when引导的时间状语从句中谓语动词可用延续性动词（表时间段）和终止性/结束性/短暂性动词(表时间点) 从句动作既可和主句的动作同时发生 又可在主句的动作之前或之后发生2.while意思：“当的时候”，用法：while引导的时间状语从句中谓语动词只能是延续性动词（时间段或状态） 强调主句的动作与从句的动作同时持续进行（主句中的谓语动词通常是延续性动词） 或者主句的动作发生在从句动作的进行过程中（主句中的谓语动词通常是终止性动词）a. as意思：“当时”，“和同时”, “一边一边”，“随着” 用法：as引导的动作是延续性的动作 侧重表示两个动作同时发生(包括一个主语同时进行两个动作) 或者一种动作随着另一种动作的变化而变化。考题1 i had just steeped out of the bathroom and was busily drying myself with a towel _ i heard the steps. (2006湖南) a. while b. when c. since d. after考题2 he was about halfway through his meal _ a familiar voice came to his ears. a. why b. where c. when d. while考题3we were swimming in the lake _ suddenly the storm started. (2004北京春) a. whenb. while c. until d. before考题4 im going to the post office. _ youre there, can you get me some stamps? (1999) a. as b. while c. because d. if考题5_ the days went on, the weather got worse. (1990) a. with b. since c. while d. as考题6i _ along the street looking for a place to park when the accident _. a. went; was occurring b. went; occurred c. was going; occurred d. was going; had occurred2. before和after 引导的时间状语从句翻译下列句子：(1) see me before you leave. _(2) i saw them after i arrived._(3) before they drive any of the buses, they will have to pass a special test. _a. before (在.之前)引导时间状语从句时表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之前b. after(在之后)引导时间状语从句时表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之后考题1he was told that it would be at least three more months _ he could recover and return to work. a. when b. before c. since d. that考题2it was some time _ we realized the truth. (2005山东) a. when b. until c. since d. before考题3 how long do you think it will be _ china sends a manned spaceship to the moon? perhaps two or three years. (2006福建) a. when b. until c. that d. before考题4 why didnt you tell him about the meeting? he rushed out of the room _ i could say a word. (2006四川) a. before b. until c. when d. after3. hardlywhen和no soonerthan“一就”引导的时间状语从句 i had no sooner reached home than it began to rain. =no sooner had i reached home than it began to rain. we had hardly got there when it began to rain. =hardly had we got there when it began to rain. hardly或no sooner可位于主语之后也可位于句首， hardly或no sooner常放在句首，表示强调，主句要_(hardly / no sooner + had ) (1) he had hardly arrived when it began to snow.=hardly _when it began to snow.(2) we had hardly walked into the hall when the lecture started=hardly _ walked into the hall when the lecture started.4. until/till(直到)和notuntil(直到才)引导的时间状语从句 选择填空： (1) he will _ stay _ they comes back. a. ; until b. not; until (2) he did _ go to sleep _ 12 last night. a. ; until b. not; until (3) they _ their fault till we pointed it out to them. a. realized b. didnt realize (4) the students_ much noise till the teacher came into the classroom. a. made b. didnt make 注意：否定句可用另外两种句式表示。(1）not until 在句首，主句用倒装加强语气。直到妈妈回来，我才完成作业。 i didnt finish my homework until my mother came back.(_句) (_句)=_ (2) it is not until that（主句不倒装）i didnt finish my homework until my mother came back.=_5. since / ever since(自从以来)引导的时间状语从句itis fiveyearssinceistudiedenglish.（自从）我学习英语已经五年. = it _ fiveyearssinceihavestudiedenglish.ii. 条件状语从句 1. if和unless (=if not)引导的条件状语从句a. if“如果/假如”表示正面的条件b. unless (=if not)“除非/如果不”表示负面的条件(1) lets go out for a walk if you are not too tired.=lets go out for a walk unless you are too tired.(2) you will miss the bus unless you hurry up.=_(3) youll fail in chemistry again unless you work harder.=_注：1. if“假如/如果”引导的条件状从如果表示将来的动作要用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时或情态动词+do如果你明天早起的话，就能赶上公共汽车。if you _ up early tomorrow, you _ the eraly bus.如果明天下雨，我们就不去长城了。if it _ tomorrow, we_ to the great wall.2. if条件状语从句的虚拟语气：非真实条件句（与现在事实相反的假设）中才使用虚拟语气 从句 主句a. 与现在事实相反的假设: 过去时(did/were) 情态动词+dob. 与过去事实相反的假设: 过去完成时(had done) 情态动词+完成时(have done)c. 与将来事实相反的假设: should do/were to do/did 情态动词+do only if “只有/只要，只要在条件下”和if only “要是.就好了/但愿”的用法区别： 用if only”或only if填空(1) _ he had been here. 要是他当时在这儿就好了。(2) the company will succeed _ it have sufficient backing (足够的资助).(3) _ i could fly. (4) _ i get a job will i have enough money to go to school.c. only if引导的从句放在句首时，主句要_。only if a teacher has given permission is a student allowed to enter the laboratory.d. if only: 要是.多好 (后面所加句子多用_)if only the alarm clock _. 当时要是闹钟响(ring-rang-rung)了就好了。2. 其他引导词引导的条件状语从句 on condition that如果/在条件下；in case以防/万一/假如；so/as long as只要/如果；as/ so far as 就而言, 考题1small sailboats can easily turn over in the water _ they are not managed carefully. a. though b. before c. until d. if考题2 in time of serious accidents, _ we know some basic things about first aid, we can save lives. (2006重庆)a. whether b. until c. if d. unless考题3i would appreciate it _you call back this afternoon for the doctors appointment. a. until b. if c. when d. that考题4it is known to all that _ you exercise regularly, you wont keep good health. a. unless b. whenever c. although d. if考题5 most birds find it safe to sleep in the trees, but _ they have eggs or young chicks, they dont use a nest. (2007湖南)a. why b. how c. unless d. where 考题6 you will succeed in the end _ you give up halfway. (2001上海春) a. even if b. as though c. as long as d. unlessiii. 让步状语从句1. though和although“虽然/尽管”引导的状语从句，主句不能用but, 如果要强调“但是”语气时，可用_，或_或 nevertheless【判断正误】(1) although he is old, but he is still energetic. ( )(2) although he is old, he is still energetic. ( )(3) although he is old, yet he is still energetic. ( )(4) he is old, but he is still energetic. ( )2. as“虽然/尽管”引导让步状语从句时：从句要_a. n+as+主语+v b. adj./adv.+as+主语+v c. v+as+主语+v/情态v(如果是单数名词或形容词的最高级作表语，不再用冠词) (1)_, he couldnt solve the problem. a. try as he might b. he might tried c. as try he might (2) _ in our class, he studies very well. a. youngest he as is b. as the youngest he is c. youngest as he is (3) _, you couldnt provide powerful evidence. a. much as you suspected him b. as much as you suspected him (4) _, he knows a lot about computer. a. a child as he is b. he is as child c. child as he is3. no matter who/whoever“无论谁”; no matter when/whenever“无论何时”; no matter how/ however“无论如何/不管怎样”; no matter what/whatever“无论什么/不管什么”引导的状从 注意：语序排列：however+adj./adv.+主语+谓语，另外可以与no matter+疑问词进行互换 无论他工作多么努力：_/_无论这个问题有多难：_/_4. 其他词引导的让步状从：even if ,even though即使/虽然/尽管; while虽然/尽管; whetheror5. 状语从句的省略现象：从句的谓语含be, 主语和主句主语一致，主语和谓语可以省略。 when walking along the river, she met a stranger.= _, she met a stranger.来源:学优高考网if it is heated to a high temperature, water will change to vapor. (可以省略哪里) 考题1we had to wait half an hour _ we had already booked a table. (2007辽宁) a. since b. although c. until d. before考题2_ he has limited technical knowledge, the old worker has a lot of experience. (2006) a. since b. unless c. as d. although考题3although he is considered a great writer, _. (1991) a. his works are not widely read b. but his works are not widely read c. however his works are not widely read d. and his works are not widely read考题4 there was never any time for kate to feel lonely, _ she was an only child. (2005辽宁) a. ever since b. now that c. even though d. even as考题5allow children the space to voice their opinions, _ they are different from your own. a.until b. even if c. unless d.as thoughwriting在雅典奥运会上中国队共获得32枚金牌，其中刘翔的110米跨栏更是令世界为之关注。请你根据下面图表提示用英语写一篇文章，简要介绍他的情况。词数120左右。姓名刘翔性别男出生日期1983.7.13出生地上海体重74公斤身高1.88米个人爱好唱歌、电脑基本情况1. 1999年3月入选上海市田径队，2000年8月入选国家青年队，教练是孙海平2. 2002年，获亚运会冠军3. 2003年，在英国世界室内田径锦标赛中获60米跨栏第三4. 2004年8月27日获雅典奥运会冠军，成绩是1291，平世界纪录，打破奥运会纪录参考词汇：跨栏hurdle 教练 coach liu xiang, who comes from shanghai, was born in july 1983. his height is 188