牛津英语模块3第二单元语法名词性从句.ppt

Unit1Theworldofoursense GrammarNounclause 名词性从句名词性从句相当于名词 可分别作主句的主语 表语 宾语和同位语 因此 名词性从句厅分为主语从句 表语从句 宾语从句和同位从句 一 引导名词性从句的连接词1 连接代词 who whose whom what which 有词义 在从句中担任成分 如主语 表语 宾语 或定语等 2 连接副词 when where why how 有词义 在从句中担任成分 作状语 3 连接词 that whether if asif that无词义 在从句中不担任成分 有时可省略 if whether asif虽有词义 但在从句中不担任成分 注意 连接代词与连接副词在句中不再是疑问句 因而从句中谓语不用疑问式 连接代词与连接副词在从句充当句子成分 连接词whether和if 是否 asif 好象 在从句中不充当句子成分 只起连接作用 根据句义 如果连接代词与连接副词 whether if和asif都用不上时 才用that作连接词 that本身无任何含义 二 主语从句1 主语从句在复合句作主语 Whowillgoisnotimportant 2 用it作形式主语 主语从句放在句末 Itdoesn tmattersomuchwhetheryouwillcomeornot 3 that引导主语从句时 不能省略 Thathesuddenlyfellilllastweekmadeussurprised 三 表语从句1 表语从句在复合句中作表语 位于系动词之后 Thequestionwaswhocouldgothere 2 引导表语从句的连接词that有时可省去 Myideais that wecangetmorecomradestohelp 四 宾语从句1 宾语从句在复合句中作宾语 引导宾语从句的连词that一般可省略 Ihope that everythingisallright 2 介词之后的宾语从句 不可用which或if连接 要分别用what或whether I minterestedinwhetheryou vefinishedthework I minterestedinwhatyou vesaid 3 whether与if都可以引导宾从 常可互换 但下面情况不能互换 宾语从句是否定句时 只用if 不用whether Iwonderifitdoesn train 用if会引起误解 就要用whether Pleaseletmeknowwhetheryouwanttogo 此句如果把whether改成if 容易当成条件句理解 宾语从句中的whether与ornot直接连用 就不能换成if 不直接连用 可换 Idon tknowwhetherornotthereportistrue Idon tknowwhether ifthereportistrueornot 介词后的宾语从句要用whether引导 whether可与不定式连用 whether也可引导主语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 还可引导让步状语从句 以上均不能换成if 但引导条件从句时 只能用if 而不能用whether Itdependsonwhetherwehaveenoughtime Theydon tknowwhethertogothere Pleasecometoseemeifyouhavetime 五 同位语从句同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语 一般位于该名词 如 news fact idea suggestion promise等 之后 说明该名词的具体内容 Ihavenoideawhenhewillbeback Thefactthathehadnotsaidanythingsurprisedeverybody LEVEL1翻译以下句子 并指出带下划线的从句属于名词性从句中的哪一种 1 Whathewantsisabook 2 Itissonicethatwecanlearnthisgrammarpointtogether 3 I msogladthatIcanmakefriendswithyou 4 Thisiswhyhedidit 5 Doyouagreetothesuggestionthatwe should haveatripinTibet 6 Thathewantsabookiscertain 7 Isuggestedjustnowwe should takepartinthiscompetition 8 Whetheryoulikehimornotdoesn tmattertoomuch 9 Hedoesn tknowwhetheryoucansingitwell 10 Theproblemiswhetheryoucansingitwell 11 Theproblemwhetheritisrightorwronghasnotbeendecided 12 Pleasetellmewhoyourmonitoris 主语从句 主语从句 主语从句 主语从句 宾语从句 宾语从句 宾语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 同位语从句 某些作表语的形容词 如 sure happy glad certain等之后也可带宾语从句 例如 Iamsurethathewillsucceed Iamgladthatyoucancomeandhelpme Subjectclause引导主语从句的连词主要有 一 由that引导 1 Thatweshallbelateiscertain 2 isknowntoall 地球是圆的 3 isapity 你错过了这次机会 that无意义 但不能省略 后接一个完整的陈述句 Thattheearthisround Thatyoumissedthechance that whether 疑问词 2 由whether引导 e g Whetherhe llbeabletocomeisnotyetknown Whetherwewillsucceedisstillaquestion 主语从句不能用if来引导 Ex 1 是否我们要参加这次会议仍未被决定 Whetherweshallattendthemeetinghasn tbeendecidedyet 2 我们是否应该继续做这个试验还没有讨论 Whetherweshouldcontinuetodotheexperimenthasnotbeendiscussed 陈述语序 3 疑问词引导的主语从句what which who whom when where why how原则 缺什么补什么Whathesaidatthemeetingsurprisedus Whowillwinthegameisnotclear Wherehewillgoisunknown Whytheyhavenotleftyetpuzzledme Howwecangetthereisaproblem 1 makesthisshopdifferentisthatitoffersmorepersonalservices A WhatB WhoC WhateverD Whoever2 Icanpaybackthehelpthatpeoplegivememakesmeveryhappy A WhereB WhatC ThatD How3 It snotclear wasresponsiblefortheaccident A WhoB WhatC HowD That A Ex C A Objectclause 引导宾语从句的连词主要有 1 that引导Shesensedshewasbeingwatching Webelieveheishonest ItoldhimIwouldcomebacksoon 单个的宾语从句中连词that可以省略 that if whether 疑问词 that that that 如果宾语从句是由and或是but连接的两个句子 那么要用2个连词分别引导两个句子 并且不能省略 e g 1 Aretherelivingthingsonotherplanets Doaliensreallyexist Noneofuscanbesure Noneofuscanbesure if whetherthereareliving thingsonotherplanet and if whetheraliensreallyexist 2 Hesaid Ilikerainverymuch Iwillnotuseanumbrella Hesaid thathelikedrainverymuch and thathewouldnotuseanumbrella 2 if whether引导 如果宾语从句为一般疑问句时 用if或whether来引导e g Iwonderif whetherhewillcomeontime if和whether的选用1 从句是一般疑问句作动词的宾语 二者都可用 2 Whether ornot搭配 不能用if 3 主语从句不能用if 4 表语从句与同位语从句也不能用if 5 修饰介词的宾语从句也不能用if 6 连词后直接加不定式todo 连词不能选用if if whether1 Iaskedher shehadabike 2 wewillholdapartyintheopenairtomorrowdependsontheweather 3 We reworriedabout heissafe 4 Idon tknow heiswellornot 5 Idon tknow ornotheiswell 6 Thequestionis heshoulddoit 7 Thedoctorcanhardlyanswerthequestion theoldmanwillrecoversoon 8 Idon tknow togo if whether Whether whether whether whether whether whether whether 3 疑问词引导 1 Idon tknow broketheglassyesterday 2 Weshouldpayattentionto theteacherissaying 3 Theteacherasked Iwasgettingonwithmyclassmates A whatB thatC howD if4 Wethought strangethatshedidn tcomeyesterday A thatB itC thisD what who what C B 4 语序问题 1 Thephotographswillshowyou A whatdoesourvillagelooklikeB whatourvillagelookslikeC howdoesourvillagelooklikeD howourvillagelookslike2 Youcanhardlyimagine whenheheardthenews A howhewasexcitedB howwasheexcitedC howexcitedhewasD hewashowexcited3 Heasked foraviolin MET92 A didIpayhowmuchB IpaidhowmuchC howmuchdidIpayD howmuchIpaid B C D 5 宾语从句的时态呼应 1 如果主句时态是现在时或将来时 从句谓语可根据句意需要而选用任一种时态 a 他相信他的梦想总有一天会实现的 Hebelieves b 请告诉我你昨天这个时候在干什么 Pleasetellme hisdreamwillcometruesomeday whatyouweredoingatthistimeyesterday 2 Hetoldme Iampreparingfortheexam Hetoldme Ihaveleftmyhometownformanyyears 3 老师告诉我们地球是圆的 Theteachertoldus Hetoldmehewaspreparingfortheexam Hetoldmehehadlefthishometownformanyyears theearthisround 主语从句与宾语从句练习 1 Itnowappears theyareinneedofhelp A thatB whichC whatD how3 It heislateforclass A maythatB mightthatC maybethatD mightbewhat4 knowsthetruthwilltellyouaboutit A WhothatB WhoeverC WhomthatD Thatwho5 Youmustdowell theteacherasksyoutodo A whichB whatC thatD where6 hisdreamofgoingtocollegewillcometrueisuncertain A ThatB WhetherC IfD Evenif7 Isawyourneighborbreakyourwindowwithabasketball itmademenearlymad A ThathebrokeB WhathebrokeC HebrokeD Hisbreak 高考再现1 NMET1995 isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage A ThereB ThisC ThatD It2 NMET1996 wecan tgetseemsbetterthanwehave A What whatB What thatC That thatD That what3 NMET1997 It sgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachildheorshewants howeverB whateverC whicheverD wherever8 2004 AfterYangLiweisucceededincirclingtheearth ourastronautsdesiretodoiswalkinspace A whereB whatC thatD how D A B B predictiveclause 引导表语从句的连词 that whether 疑问词 asif asthough because e g ThetroubleisthatIhavelostmykey Thequestioniswhetherwecandoit That sbecausewewereinneedofmoneyatthattime Helookedasifhewasgoingtocry That swhyIwaslate 2 如果句子的主语是suggestion advice order demand proposal 等名词时 后面引导的表语从句用should 动词原形 should可省略 e g 他的建议是我们应该马上完成工作 1 Thereason wedidn ttrusthimis hehasoftenlied 如果主语为reason why that 表语从句连词只能用that Hissuggestionisthatwe should finishtheworkatonce 此规则同样适用于同位语从句 表语从句练习 1 Thisis shewasborn A whereB whichC thatD what2 Thequestionis wecan tgotheretoday A thatB whatC whichD when3 Thereasonhehasmadesuchgreatprogressis hehasneverwastedhistime A becauseB whyC thatD what4 Myadviceisthathe schoolbybike A gotoB wouldgotoC goestoD wentto5 shecouldn tunderstandwas fewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons A What whyB That whatC What becauseD Why that oppositonclause 引导同位语从句的连接词 that 疑问词 whether e g 1 ThenewsthatIhavepassedtheexamistrue 2 Theproblemwhetherweshouldcontinuetodotheexperimenthasbeensolved 3 Thequestionwhoshoulddotheworkrequiresconsideration4 Wehaven tsettledthequestionwherewearegoingtospendoursummervacation 1 判断同位语从句与定语从句 1 Weexpressedthehopethattheyhadexpressed 2 WeexpressedthehopethattheywouldcometoChinaagain 3 Theinformationhasbeenannouncedthatmoremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversity 4 Theinforma