【画龙点睛】外研版高中英语必修1教案：Unit4SectionⅣ　.doc

section grammar & writing现在完成时观察下列从reading and vocabulary中选取的句子，体会现在完成时的用法。1its been six years since we last saw each other，you know.2and this is the first time ive visited your hometown.3you know，ive seen quite a lot of china and ive visited some beautiful cities，but this is one of the most attractive places ive been to.4my wifes just bought a beautiful dress from one of the shops there.5a friends told me about a nice little fish restaurant near here.一、现在完成时的构成基本形式：have/has动词的过去分词否定形式：have/hasnot动词的过去分词被动形式：have/hasbeen动词的过去分词二、现在完成时的用法1表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。常与recently，before，lately，just，already，yet，so far，up to now，till now，in the past/last .years，these days等时间状语连用。have you had lunch yet?你(已经)吃午饭了吗？yes，i have.ive just had it.是的，我吃了。我刚刚吃过。(现在我不饿了)he has been there three times in the last few years.近几年他去过那里三次了。2表示动作或状态过去已经开始，持续到现在(可能还会继续进行下去)。常与表示一段时间的时间状语连用如：for一段时间，since过去时间点，since then，ever since，up to now，so far等。mr.wang has worked in this factory since he came to this city.自从到这个城市以来，王先生一直在这家工厂工作。she has taught in the school for ten years.她在这所学校教书已经10年了。3在时间、条件状语从句中可用现在完成时表将来要完成的动作。dont get off the bus until it has stopped.直到公交车停下才能下车。he will come as soon as he has finished his work.他一做完工作就会来。(1)现在完成时与一般过去时的区别：现在完成时强调的是过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，落脚点是现在。一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，与现在的情况没有关系。与表示过去的时间状语连用，如 yesterday，last year，in the past，ago等。he has lived in beijing for four years.他在北京住了四年了。(可能继续住下去)he lived in beijing for four years.他在北京住过四年。(现在已经不在那里住了)(2)在肯定句中，非延续性动词如come，go，leave，borrow，buy，die，join等的完成时不能与时间段连用，若要接时间段状语，则应换成相应的延续性动词或状态动词。但在否定句中，非延续性动词的完成时可与时间段连用。i have bought a new car for two weeks.()i have had a new car for two weeks.()我买了这辆新车已经两周了。三、现在完成时的两个常用句型1it is/has been一段时间since一般过去时“自从以来多久了”it is/has been two weeks since we arrived here.自从我们到这里已经有两星期了。it is/has been three years since he smoked.他戒烟已有三年了。2this/it is the first/second .time(that)现在完成时“这是某人第一/二次做某事”it is the third time that i have seen the film.这是我第三次看这部电影了。3在“this/it is theadjest名词that从句”结构中，that引导的宾语从句要用现在完成时态。this is the best book that i have read.这是我看过的最好的书。.单句语法填空1ann is in hospital.oh，really？i didnt know(not know)i will go and visit her.2my parents have promised(promise)to come to see me before i leave for africa.3i was out of town at the time，so i dont know exactly how it happened(happen)4in the last few years，china has made(make)great achievements in environmental protection.5her grandfather has been dead(dead)for over five years.单句改错1he is the only one of the students that have received the prize. 2this is the first time i come to shanghai. 3i have known her since we are children. 4it had been six years since i came here. 5this is the cleverest student that i ever met. 【答案】1.e前加have3.arewere4.hadhas5.ever前加have介绍某一地方介绍某一地区就是对该地区的大致状况进行描述，向人们展示该地区的地貌特征、风土人情、历史文化等。写此类文章应注意以下几点：1内容一般应包括该地区的位置、面积、人口、历史、气候、特产等。但是一定要抓住该地区的主要特色，这样才能给读者留下深刻的印象。2要遵循一定的写作顺序。描述该地区的位置时，首先要找好中心点，再由近及远，也可以先总体后局部，或按照一定的时间层次或空间层次来写。描述时可以适当使用过渡性连接词。3语言要简明扼要，用词要准确，数据要可靠。1段首常用语：(1)located in.，it covers an area of.with a population of.(2)the beauty of.is in the east of.(3)id like to introduce my hometown to you.2介绍一个地区的常用语：(1)i would like to introduce.(2)its a beautiful city/place of.it faces the sea.(3)the place is located in.，covering an area of./covering.square metres.(4)there are a variety of attractions such as.(5).is famous/wellknown for.(6)in addition，there are., with a history/population of.3段尾常用语：(1)if you want to have fun and more than fun，do come to.(2)it attracts millions of visitors all over the world.(3)you are sure to have a good time here.(4)thats all，thank you.you are welcome to.最近，某中学英语报向学生征文，主题为“new look of my hometown”。请你根据以下内容提示，用英语为该报写一篇短文，介绍家乡的情况并发表自己的看法。概况1. 位于福建东部； 2气候温暖多雨，常年绿树成荫； 3近年经济发展迅速，城市面貌焕然一新，高楼林立，道路宽阔，环境优美； 4人民生活条件不断改善，不少人搬进新居，拥有私家车。你的看法家乡人民将更加努力工作注意：1.词数100左右；2可适当增加细节，以使短文连贯。体裁说明文话题地点介绍时态一般现在时人称第三人称.词汇1位于 lie in2一年四季 all the year round3看起来像 look like4呈现崭新面貌 take on a new look 5属于自己的 of ones own.句式1我的家乡位于福建东部。一条小河穿过我的家乡。my hometown lies in the east of fujian.a small river flows through my hometown.my hometown lies in the east of fujian，with a small river flowing through(用with复合结构改写句子)2. 一年到头都有绿树和漂亮的花朵。这使得我的家乡看起来像个大花园。there are green trees and beautiful flowers everywhere all the year round.this makes my hometown look like a large garden.there are green trees and beautiful flowers everywhere all the year round，which makes it look like a large garden(用定语从句改写句子) 【参考范文】my hometown lies in the east of fujian，with a small river flowing through.it is a gorgeous city.the climate here is warm with plenty of rain.there are green trees and beautiful flowers everywhere all the year round，which makes it look like a large garden.in recent years，the economy of the city has been developing rapidly.the city is taking on a new look with high buildings，wide roads and better surroundings.