人教版高一英语必修三重点点拨学案：Unit 3 Period Four Word版含答案.doc

period fourgrammarnoun clauses as the object and predicative阅读以下教材原句，感悟体会并判断黑体部分是什么从句。1oliver believes that with a million pound bank note a man could survive a month in london.2i wonder，mr adams，if youd mind us asking a few questions.3may we ask what youre doing in this country and what your plans are?4i didnt know whether i could survive until morning.5the fact is that i earned my passage by working as an unpaid hand，which accounts for my appearance.6thats why weve given you the letter.1以上6个句子中的黑体部分都是从句，这些从句在词性上相当于一个名词，故被称作名词性从句。2第1,2,3,4句中的黑体部分属于宾语从句。3第5,6句中的黑体部分属于表语从句。一、宾语从句在复合句中起宾语作用的从句称为宾语从句。常见的宾语从句有及物动词后的宾语从句、介词后的宾语从句和形容词后的宾语从句三类。1宾语从句的连接词连接代词：who，whom，whose，what，which，whoever，whatever，whichever等。连接副词：when，where，how，why等。从属连词：that，whether，if等。2及物动词后的宾语从句(1)could you tell me when you saw the film youth?你能不能告诉我你什么时候看的电影芳华？(2)she decided that she was going to be a nurse.她曾决定将来成为一名护士。3介词后的宾语从句一般情况下介词后常用wh-类连接词引导宾语从句，但but，except，besides等后可接that引导的宾语从句。(1)we are talking about what well do next.我们正在讨论下一步做什么。(2)i know nothing except that he left home early that morning.我只知道那天早晨他很早就离开了家，其余的我就不清楚了。4形容词后的宾语从句sure，certain，glad，pleased，happy，afraid，surprised，satisfied，sorry等表示情感的形容词后可接宾语从句。im not sure whether theyll agree to such a plan.我不确定他们是否同意这样一个计划。5学习宾语从句应注意以下几点：(1)宾语从句的时态必须与主句呼应。如果主句中的谓语动词是现在时态或将来时态，那么从句中的谓语动词不受主句中谓语动词时态的影响，可以根据需要使用任何时态。tell me where you went on holiday.告诉我你假期去哪里了。(从句是一般过去时)如果主句谓语动词是过去时态，那么从句中的时态一般为表示过去的某种时态(如一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时)。he said that he had been to new york.他说他曾去过纽约。(从句是过去完成时)在insist，demand，order，suggest，propose，advise，desire等表示要求、命令、建议、坚持等意义的动词后，that引导的宾语从句的谓语动词要用“should动词原形”，should可以省略，表示虚拟。he suggested i (should) get up early to take the train to london.他建议我早起以便赶上去伦敦的火车。如果宾语从句表示的是客观事实、自然现象、规律或真理时，即使主句是过去时，从句也用一般现在时。she said that her brother is five years older than her.她说她哥哥比她大五岁。(2)it作形式宾语it不仅可作形式主语，还可作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语放在句末。这种用法通常出现在以下两种情况中：动词find，consider，think，feel，believe，make等后有宾语补足语时，常用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语后置。i have made it clear that i will not accept this job.我已表明我不会接受这份工作的。有些动词(短语)，如enjoy，love，like，hate，appreciate，take，hide，see to，insist on，depend on，rely on等带宾语从句时，习惯上在从句前加形式宾语it。i hate it when people ask me for money.我不喜欢别人向我借钱。(3)宾语从句中的否定转移当主句谓语动词是think，consider，suppose，believe，expect，guess，imagine等表示“认为，相信，猜测等”的动词，主语是第一人称的一般现在时的句子时，习惯上把从句的否定词放在主句谓语前，但意义上否定的仍然是从句。i dont think he can finish the work on time.我认为他无法按时完成工作。(4)动词后有两个或两个以上由that引导的宾语从句时，第一个that可省略，其余的that一般都不能省略。i believe (that) youve done your best and that things will improve.我相信你已经尽力了，一切都会好起来的。(5)主句谓语和宾语从句之间有插入语时，宾语从句前的that不能省略。he announced，believe it or not，that he would never forgive her.他宣布，信不信由你，他决不会原谅她。考点警示whether和if引导宾语从句的区别：情况whetherif从句置于句首从句作介词的宾语从句作discuss等动词的宾语与or not直接连用用if容易产生歧义时后接不定式时二、表语从句在复合句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。表语从句位于主句中的连系动词之后。引导表语从句的连接词主要有：连接代词 who，whom，whose，what，which；连接副词when，where，how，why及从属连词that，whether，as if，because等。1that引导的表语从句that仅起连接作用，无实际意义，在句中不作任何成分，通常不能省略。这种从句往往对主句主语的内容起进一步解释的作用。其基本结构为“主语系动词that从句”。the trouble is that we are short of funds.困难是我们缺乏资金。2wh-疑问词引导的表语从句(1)连接代词what，which，who，whom，whose除在句子中起连接作用外，还可在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语，且各有各的词义。xiao li is no longer what he used to be.小李不再是以前的样子了。(what在从句中作表语)(2)连接副词when，where，how，why除在句中起连接作用外，在从句中还充当时间、地点、方式或原因状语，本身具有词义。that is why he caught a cold yesterday.那就是他昨天感冒的原因。(原因状语)(3)whether引导的表语从句连接词whether起连接作用，意为“是否”，在句中不作任何成分。the problem is whether it is true.问题是这是否是真的。3从属连词as if，as though，because，as等引导的表语从句because引导表语从句通常只用于“this/that/it is/was because.”结构中。as if/though引导的表语从句常置于系动词look，seem，sound，be，become等后面，常用虚拟语气，也可用陈述语气。(1)it is because he is too careless.那是因为他太粗心了。(2)it looks as if it is going to snow.看起来天要下雪。4主语是表示建议、命令、要求、计划(suggestion，advice，order，request，proposal)等的名词时，表语从句应该用虚拟语气，即“should动词原形”，should可以省略。my suggestion is that we (should) go and help him.我的建议是我们应该去帮助他。5学习表语从句应注意以下几点：(1)当主语是the reason，the result或why引导的主语从句时，常用that引导表语从句，不用because。the reason why i didnt come is that i was ill yesterday.我昨天没来是因为我生病了。why we decided to put off the football match was that the weather was too bad.我们之所以决定推迟这场足球赛是因为天气太糟糕了。(2)在引导表语从句时，whether不能用if替换。his first question was whether mr smith had arrived.他的第一个问题是史密斯先生到了没有。.单句语法填空1the gold medal will be awarded to whoever wins the first place in the bicycle race.(2018天津)2by boat is the only way to get here，which is how we arrived.(2018江苏)3jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street，not knowing where she was heading.(2017北京)4we choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to 20，half of what it used to charge.(2017江苏)5she asked me whether i had returned the books to the library，and i admitted that i hadnt.(2017天津)6the most pleasant thing of the rainy season is that one can be entirely free from dust.(2016北京)7a ship in harbor is safe，but thats not what ships are built for.(2015安徽)8we must find out when karl is coming，so we can book a room for him.(2015重庆)9i truly believe that beauty comes from within.(2015北京)10if you swim in a river or lake，be sure to investigate what is below the water surface.often there are rocks or branches hidden in the water.(2015浙江).单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1my uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to i live.(2016全国，短文改错)2my classmates and i are talking about to do during the holiday.(2016全国，短文改错)3that is other teachers say.(2013辽宁，短文改错)4this is i need to improve in the future.(2013大纲全国，短文改错)5but before long they began to see was happening.(2012新课标全国，短文改错)6here is my idea about a friend is like.(2010重庆，短文改错).选用适当的连接词填空1the question discussed at the meeting was whether it was worth trying.2we think that its necessary to talk with him again.3do you remember when/how/why he came here?4all this was over twenty years ago，but it is as if it were only yesterday.5im wondering why you are always late for class.6i am not sure whether he is willing to help me.7my parents are very kind to me and always let me do what i think i should do.8the trouble is that i lost the key to my room.9im a bit sleepy；its because i was up all night.10you must do whatever/what is best for you.完成句子1我一生中最兴奋的时刻是我获得了诺贝尔物理学奖。the most exciting moment in my life was when i won the nobel prize in physics.2李先生已经使它成为一个习惯：他每晚上床睡觉前都读些书。mr lee has made it a rule that he reads some books before he goes to bed every night.3他考试不及格的原因是他没把心思用在学习上。the reason he failed in the exam was that he hadnt put his heart into his study.4这位妈妈愿意做她能做的任何事来救她的独生子。the mother was willing to do whatever she could to save her single son.5在回家的路上李老师问我是否看过那部电影了。on the way home，miss lee asked me if/whether i had seen the film.语法填空(用适当的连接词填空)i am going to tell you an unbelievable thing 1.that/which happened in my restaurant today.this afternoon a poorly-dressed gentleman came into my restaurant.nobody knew 2.who he was.we were surprised that he finished two orders of food in a very limited time.we wondered 3.why he was so hungry.we doubted 4.whether/if the man was able to pay the bill.the gentleman asked 5.if/whether we would mind waiting for just a few minutes.then we were shocked to see 6.that he took out of an envelopea million pound bank note.i asked mr clements 7.whether/if it was genuine.mr clements said it was true because two of this amount had been issued by the bank of england this year.he thought 8.what the gentleman showed us couldnt be a fake.9that a gentleman with a million pound note was in rags and ate in our small restaurant was a big puzzle to all the people there.i really couldnt describe 10.how excited i was.改写下列句子，使其包含一个宾语从句或表语从句1what is needed to open an online store？(宾语从句)i dont know what is needed to open an online store.2how can we develop transportation without polluting the environment？(表语从句)the focus of the meeting was how we could develop transportation without polluting the environment.3when will we have the medicine that can cure all diseases？(宾语从句)we are discussing when we will have the medicine that can cure all diseases.4whose book are you reading？(表语从句)the problem is whose book you are reading.5why is it important for us to become lifelong learners？(宾语从句和表语从句)宾语从句：my son asks me why it is important for us to become lifelong learners.表语从句：the main idea of this passage is why it is important for us to become lifelong learners.用适当的连接词填空1i lost my cellphone yesterday.can you tell me where i can buy one?well，there is a department store just around the corner.2why not try your luck downtown，bob？thats where the best jobs are.3you never know where happiness will turn up next，so grasp every chance around you.4what the doctor really doubts is whether my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.5it is obvious that people hold different opinions about whether voluntary services should be financially rewarded.6i never doubted that you could succeed in setting a new world record.7do you know who has won the red alert game?8what is surprising is that there are so many chinese restaurants in toronto.完成句子1老师建议我们为即将到来的期末考试做准备。the teacher suggested that we (should) prepare for the coming final exam.(that)2那就是他拒绝接受它的原因。that is why he refused to accept it.(why)3你知道他们是否做了决定吗？do you know whether they have made a decision？(whether)4他的要求是我们应努力工作。his request is that we (should) work hard.(that)5那是因为他不理解我。that is because he didnt understand me.(because).阅读理解with the development of our society，cell phones have become a common part in our lives.have you ever run into a careless cell phone user on the street? maybe they were busy talking，texting or checking updates on wechat without looking at what was going on around them.as the number of this new “species” of human has kept rising，they have been given a new namephubbers (低头族)recently a cartoon created by students from china central academy of fine arts put this group of people under the spotlight.in the short film，phubbers with various social identities(身份) bury themselves in their phones.a doctor plays with his cell phone while letting his patient die，a pretty woman takes a selfie(自拍) in front of a car accident site，and a father loses his child without knowing about it while using his mobile phone.a chain of similar events finally leads to the destruction of the world.although the ending of the film sounds unrealistic，the damage phubbing can bring is real.your health is the first to bear the effect and result of it.“always bending your head to check your cell phone could damage your neck，” guangming daily quoted doctors words.“the neck is like a rope that breaks after long-term stretching.” also，staring at cell phones for a long time will damage your eyesight gradually，according to the report.but thats not all.being a phubber could also damage your social skills and drive you away from your friends and family.when getting together with family or friends，many people prefer to play their cell phones while others are chatting happily with each other and this creates a strange atmosphere，qilu evening news reported.it can also cost you your life.there have been lots of reports on phubbers who fell to their death，suffered accidents，and were robbed of their cell phones in broad daylight.语篇解读本文叙述了低头族所带来的危害。低头族不仅影响了我们的身体健康，而且还影响了我们的社交。1why does the author give the example of a cartoon in paragraph 2?ato suggest phubbers will destroy the world.bto call for people to go walking without phones.cto tell people of the bad effects of phubbing.dto advise students to create more cartoons like this.答案c解析推理判断题。第二段举了几个玩手机导致严重后果的事例，并结合第二段最后一句可知，答案选c。2according to the passage，what risks may a phubber have?destructing the world.affecting his social skills.damaging his neck and eyesight.getting separated from his friends and family.a bc d答案b解析细节理解题。根据第三段第三句和末句以及第四段第二句可知，低头族所带来的危害有：影响社交技能；损害颈部和视力；导致与朋友、家庭疏远。故选b。3whats the authors attitude towards phubbing?asupportive. bconfident.cdisapproving. doptimistic.答案c解析观点态度题。纵观全文，特别是最后一段可知，作者对低头族的态度是不赞成的。故选c。4what will be talked about in the following paragraph?aways to avoid the risks of phubbing.bbad effects of phubbing.cdaily life of phubbers.dmethods of phubbing.答案a解析推理判断题。文章讲述了低头族带来的一些坏影响，所以接下来应该讲“如何避免低头族的危害”。故选a。.完形填空i was traveling by train.after a few stations，the delivery man in the train 1 to deliver hot meals and 2 .just behind him rushed in a young girl，maybe 9 or 10 years old，and 3 her hands begging for some food.the food supplier was angry and caught her 4 by her hair and pushed her out of the coach and 5 the door.i stepped outside the door and saw the child still 6 there and crying.i asked her if she was 7 and she nodded.i asked her when she had her last meal 8 without speaking a word she held up two and 9 three fingers.i grabbed her hand and walked to the dining car.i asked her to 10 whatever she wanted from the food.as i pointed to each item she kept 11 .at the end，there was so much 12 .the little girl could not hold all the food in her hands，so she 13 her long skirt and piled everything into it and 14 i turned to the cashier to pay the bill，she started hurrying down the train as fast as her 15 legs could carry.the cashier shook his head.he said he was 16 that the girl was laughing her belly out for having fooled me.i decided to go to the coach the little girl had 17 to see what she was up to.after walking through a few coaches，i walked to a relatively deserted coach.when i walked nearer，i saw a 18 which left me dumbfounded(目瞪口呆的)there was this little girl 19 in a circle with two other miserable-looking boys.the young girl was putting food into the 20 of a young boy who was obviously blind.语篇解读作者为一个在火车上乞讨的小女孩买了很多食物，让作者震惊的是，小女孩把食物带给了另外两个可怜的孩子。1a.came down bcame backccame around dcame forward答案c解析火车上的送货员来送餐。come around来，符合语境。come down下来，降落；come back回来，恢复；come forward自告奋勇。2a.cakes bdrinkscmilk dchocolate答案b解析火车上的送货员来送热餐和饮料(drinks)。根据空前的hot meals可知，此处并不特指某种食品或饮料。3a.turned to bpicked outccovered up dput out答案d解析根据下文中的“begging for some food”可知，此处指女孩伸出手讨要食物。put out伸出，符合语境。turn to转向，求助于；pick out挑选，辨认出；cover up遮盖。4a.rudely bslowlyckindly dsuddenly答案a解析送货员抓住女孩的头发并把她推出了车厢，由此可见送货员行为粗暴(rudely)。5a.broke bshutcpulled dremoved答案b解析送货员把女孩推出车厢，并把门“关上”了。6a.standing bstrugglingcthinking dinsisting答案a解析作者走出车厢门，发现女孩还“站”在那里哭泣。7a.scared bfreecmoved dhungry答案d解析下文提到作者问女孩上次吃饭是什么时候，并且带女孩去买食物。由此可知，此处指作者问女孩是否“饥饿”。8a.for bsocand dbut答案c解析根据空格前后的内容可知，上下文为并列关系，故用and。9a.again bthencsoon deven答案b解析女孩先伸出了两根手指，然后(then)又伸出三根手指。10a.choose bbuycfeel deat答案a解析作者让女孩挑选(choose)她想要的食物。本题易错选d项，根据下文可知，女孩用裙子兜住食物，可见当时作者只是邀请女孩挑选食物，而不是吃。11a.smiling brunningcnodding dbegging答案c解析根据下文可知，女孩挑选了很多食物，因此此处是说每当作者指向一种食物，女孩都会点头(nod)表示同意。12a.pleasure bfoodcsympathy dwater答案b解析由上文可知每当作者指向一种食物，女孩都会点头，那么最后肯定是有很多“食物”了。13a.cut btorecraised dtied答案c解析女孩用手拿不了那么多食物，因此她掀起(raise)裙子，把食物都放进里面。14a.while bifcsince dalthough答案a解析作者去付钱的时候，女孩带着食物跑了。15a.frightened bstrongcdisabled dlittle答案d解析女孩只有9岁或10岁，她的腿自然也“小”。16a.determined bsurecconcerned dsorry答案b解析收银员摇着头，他说他很确定女孩一定因为骗了作者而大笑，此处sure表达了收银员的肯定推测。本题易错选d项，若选sorry，则女孩因为骗了作者而大笑就成了事实，实际上女孩并没有笑，那只是收银员的猜测。17a.preferred bownedcconsidered dtaken答案d解析作者决定到女孩乘坐(take)的车厢去看看她在做什么。18a.sight bstorycwonder dview答案a解析根据下文可知，作者看到了一幕让他目瞪口呆的景象(sight)。19a.playing bsingingcdancing dsitting答案d解析小女孩给另外两个男孩分发食物，那么他们自然会“坐”成一圈。20a.chest bbackchand dstomach答案c解析小女孩把食物放到一个盲童的“手”中。.语法填空almost every day，we discuss the topic of health.1. (stay) healthy，we should eat well，work out regularly and have a healthy lifestyle.eat different kinds of food,2. (especial) fruit and vegetables.we all know that eating fruit and vegetables keeps us healthy,3. many of us only eat our favorite food.remember that we can only get 4. our body needs by eating a wide variety of food.when you are eating，notice how your body feels.when your stomach is full，stop 5. (eat)if you always eat too much，most probably you 6. (become) out of shape.drink water and milk often.everyone 7. (know) that water is important to us.besides water，kids also need plenty of calcium，and milk is rich in calcium.if you are 9 years old or older，you should drink 8. least three cups of milk every day.it is also of great 9. (important) to lead a healthy l