十大翻译技巧.doc

十大翻译技巧1.增译法：指根据英汉两种语言不同的思维方式、语言习惯和表达方式，在翻译时增添一些词、短句或句子，以便更准确地表达出原文所包含的意义。这种方式多半用在汉译英里。汉语无主句较多，而英语句子一般都要有主语，所以在翻译汉语无主句的时候，除了少数可用英语无主句、被动语态或There be结构来翻译以外，一般都要根据语境补出主语，使句子完整。英汉两种语言在名词、代词、连词、介词和冠词的使用方法上也存在很大差别。英语中代词使用频率较高，凡说到人的器官和归某人所有的或与某人有关的事物时，必须在前面加上物主代词。因此，在汉译英时需要增补物主代词，而在英译汉时又需要根据情况适当地删减。英语词与词、词组与词组以及句子与句子的逻辑关系一般用连词来表示，而汉语则往往通过上下文和语序来表示这种关系。因此，在汉译英时常常需要增补连词。英语句子离不开介词和冠词。另外，在汉译英时还要注意增补一些原文中暗含而没有明言的词语和一些概括性、注释性的词语，以确保译文意思的完整。总之，通过增译，一是保证译文语法结构的完整，二是保证译文意思的明确。如：（1）What about calling him right away? 马上给他打个电话，你觉得如何？ （增译主语和谓语）（2）If only I could see the realization of the four modernizations. 要是我能看到四个现代化实现该有多好啊！（增译主句）（3）Indeed, the reverse is true. 实际情况恰好相反。（增译名词）（4）就是法西斯国家本国的人民也被剥夺了人权。 Even the people in the fascist countries were stripped of their human rights.（增译物主代词）（5）只许州官放火，不许百姓点灯。 While the magistrates were free to burn down house, the common people were forbidden to light lamps. （增译连词）（6）这是我们两国人民的又一个共同点。 This is yet another common point between the people of our two countries.（增译介词）（7）在人权领域，中国反对以大欺小、以强凌弱。 In the field of human rights, China opposes the practice of the big oppressing the small and the strong bullying the weak.（增译暗含词语）（8）三个臭皮匠，合成一个诸葛亮。 Three cobblers with their wits combined equal Zhuge Liang the mastermind.（增译注释性词语）2.省译法：这是与增译法相对应的一种翻译方法，即删去不符合目标语思维习惯、语言习惯和表达方式的词，以避免译文累赘。增译法的例句反之即可。又如：（1）You will be staying in this hotel during your visit in Beijing. 你在北京访问期间就住在这家饭店里。（省译物主代词）（2）I hope you will enjoy your stay here. 希望您在这儿过得愉快。（省译物主代词）（3）中国政府历来重视环境保护工作。 The Chinese government has always attached great importance to environmental protection. (省译名词)3.转换法：指翻译过程中为了使译文符合目标语的表述方式、方法和习惯而对原句中的词类、句型和语态等进行转换。具体的说，就是在词性方面，把名词转换为代词、形容词、动词；把动词转换成名词、形容词、副词、介词；把形容词转换成副词和短语。在句子成分方面，把主语变成状语、定语、宾语、表语；把谓语变成主语、定语、表语；把定语变成状语、主语；把宾语变成主语。在句型方面，把并列句变成复合句，把复合句变成并列句，把状语从句变成定语从句。在语态方面，可以把主动语态变为被动语态。如：（1）我们学院受教委和市政府的双重领导。 Our instituteis co-administrated by the States Education Commission and the municipal government. (名词转动词)（2）Too much exposure to TV programs will do great harm to the eyesight of children. 孩子们看电视过多会大大地损坏视力。(名词转动词)（3）由于我们实行了改革开放政策，我国的综合国力有了明显的增强。 Thanks to the introduction of our reform and opening policy, our comprehensivenational strength has greatly improved. (动词转名词)（4）Im all for you opinion. 我完全赞成你的意见。（介词转动词）（5）The reform and opening policy is supported by the whole Chinese people. 改革开放政策受到了全中国人民的拥护。（动词转名词）（6）In his article the author is critical of mans negligence toward his environment. 作者在文章中，对人类疏忽自身环境作了批评。（形容词转名词）（7）In some of the European countries, the people are given the biggest social benefits such as medical insurance. 在有些欧洲国家里，人民享受最广泛的社会福利，如医疗保险等。（被动语态转主动语态）（8）时间不早了，我们回去吧！ We dont have much time left. Lets go back. (句型转换)（9）学生们都应该德、智、体全面发展。 All the students should develop morally, intellectually and physically. (名词转副词)4.拆句法和合并法：这是两种相对应的翻译方法。拆句法是把一个长而复杂的句子拆译成若干个较短、较简单的句子，通常用于英译汉；合并法是把若干个短句合并成一个长句，一般用于汉译英。汉语强调意合，结构较松散，因此简单句较多；英语强调形合，结构较严密，因此长句较多。所以汉译英时要根据需要注意利用连词、分词、介词、不定式、定语从句、独立结构等把汉语短句连成长句；而英译汉时又常常要在原句的关系代词、关系副词、主谓连接处、并列或转折连接处、后续成分与主体的连接处，以及意群结束处将长句切断，译成汉语分句。这样就可以基本保留英语语序，顺译全句，顺应现代汉语长短句相替、单复句相间的句法修辞原则。如：（1） Increased cooperation with China is in the interests of the United States. 同中国加强合作，符合美国的利益。 （在主谓连接处拆译）（2）I wish to thank you for the incomparable hospitalityfor which the Chinese people are justly famous throughout the world. 我要感谢你们无与伦比的盛情款待。中国人民正是以这种热情好客而闻明世界的。（在定语从句前拆译）（3）This is particularly true of the countries of the commonwealth, who see Britains membership of the Community a guarantee that the policies of the community will take their interests into account 英联邦各国尤其如此，它们认为英国加入欧共体，将能保证欧共体的政策照顾到它们的利益。（在定语从句前拆译）（4）中国是个大国，百分之八十的人口从事农业，但耕地只占土地面积的十分之一，其余为山脉、森林、城镇和其他用地。 China is a large country with four-fifths of the population engaged in agriculture, but only one tenth of the land is farmland, the rest being mountains, forests and places for urban and other uses.（合译）5.正译法和反译法这两种方法通常用于汉译英，偶尔也用于英译汉。所谓正译，是指把句子按照与汉语相同的语序或表达方式译成英语。所谓反译则是指把句子按照与汉语相反的语序或表达方式译成英语。正译与反译常常具有同义的效果，但反译往往更符合英语的思维方式和表达习惯。因此比较地道。如：（1） 在美国，人人都能买到枪。 In the United States, everyone can buy a gun. (正译) In the United States, guns are available to everyone. (反译)（2） 你可以从因特网上获得这一信息。 You can obtain this information on the Internet. （正译） This information is accessible/available on the Internet. （反译）（3） 他突然想到了一个新主意。 Suddenly he had a new idea. (正译) He suddenly thought out a new idea. (正译) A new idea suddenly occurred to/struck him. （反译）（4） 他仍然没有弄懂我的意思。 He still could not understand me. (正译) Still he failed to understand me. (反译)（5） 无论如何，她算不上一位思维敏捷的学生。 She can hardly be rated as a bright student. (正译) She is anything but a bright student. (反译)（6） Please withholdthe document for the time being. 请暂时扣下这份文件。（正译） 请暂时不要发这份文件。（反译）6.倒置法：在汉语中，定语修饰语和状语修饰语往往位于被修饰语之前；在英语中，许多修饰语常常位于被修饰语之后，因此翻译时往往要把原文的语序颠倒过来。倒置法通常用于英译汉, 即对英语长句按照汉语的习惯表达法进行前后调换，按意群或进行全部倒置，原则是使汉语译句安排符合现代汉语论理叙事的一般逻辑顺序。有时倒置法也用于汉译英。如：（1）At this moment, through the wonder of telecommunications, more people are seeing and hearing what we say than on any other occasions in the whole history of the world. 此时此刻，通过现代通信手段的奇迹，看到和听到我们讲话的人比整个世界历史上任何其他这样的场合都要多。（部分倒置）（2）I believe strongly that it is in the interest of my countrymen that Britain should remain an active and energetic member of the European Community. 我坚信，英国依然应该是欧共体中的一个积极的和充满活力的成员，这是符合我国人民利益的。（部分倒置）（3）改革开放以来，中国发生了巨大的变化。 Great changes have taken place in China since the introduction of the reform and opening policy.(全部倒置)7.包孕法：这种方法多用于英译汉。所谓包孕是指在把英语长句译成汉语时，把英语后置成分按照汉语的正常语序放在中心词之前，使修饰成分在汉语句中形成前置包孕。但修饰成分不宜过长，否则会形成拖沓或造成汉语句子成分在连接上的纠葛。如：（1）You are the representative of a country and of a continent to which China feels particularly close. 您是一位来自于使中国倍感亲切的国家和大洲的代表。（2）What brings us together is that we have common interests which transcend those differences. 使我们走到一起的，是我们有超越这些分歧的共同利益。8.插入法：指把难以处理的句子成分用破折号、括号或前后逗号插入译句中。这种方法主要用于笔译中。偶尔也用于口译中，即用同位语、插入语或定语从句来处理一些解释性成分。如： 如果说宣布收回香港就会像夫人说的带来灾难性的影响，那我们要勇敢地面对这个灾难，做出决策。If the announcement of the recovery of Hong Kong would bring about, as Madam put it, disastrous effects, we will face that disaster squarelyand make a new policy decision.9.重组法：指在进行英译汉时，为了使译文流畅和更符合汉语叙事论理的习惯，在捋清英语长句的结构、弄懂英语原意的基础上，彻底摆脱原文语序和句子形式，对句子进行重新组合。如： Decision must be made very rapidly; physical enduranceis tested as much as perception, because an enormous amount of time must be spent making certain that the key figures act on the basis of the same information and purpose.必须把大量时间花在确保关键人物均根据同一情报和目的行事，而这一切对身体的耐力和思维能力都是一大考验。因此，一旦考虑成熟，决策者就应迅速做出决策。10.综合法：是指单用某种翻译技巧无法译出时，着眼篇章，以逻辑分析为基础，同时使用转换法、倒置法、增译法、省译法、拆句法等多种翻译技巧的方法。如： How can the European Union contribute to the development of a European film and television program industry which is competitive in the world market, forward-looking and capable of radiatingthe influence of European culture and of creating jobs in Europe?欧洲联盟应该怎样做才能对欧洲的电影电视工业有所贡献，使它在国际市场上具有竞争能力，使它有能力发挥欧洲文化的影响，并且能够在欧洲创造更多的就业机会呢？worth, worthy, worthwhile用法区别worth表示“值，值得”，可用表语或后置定语，其后一定要有名词或动名词作宾语，但不能接不定式。如：The book is worth $ 100.这本书值100元。The book is worth reading.这本书值得看。This is a book worth reading.这是一本值得读的书。区别2worthy表示“应得，配得上，值得”，常作表语或后置定语，后接不定式，或of加名词或动名词。如：His behaviour is worthy of great praise. 他的行为应受到高度赞扬。I think he is not worthy of her. 我认为他配不上她。The book is worthy of being read. = The book is worthy to be read.这体书值得读。This is a book worthy of being read. = This is a book worthy to be read.这是一本值得读的书。区别3worthwhile表示“值得的，值得干的，值得花时间/金钱/精力的”，可作定语、表语或宾补。如：Nursing is a very worthwhile career. 护理是很值得干的职业。(定语)The visit to Paris is worthwhile. 去巴黎访问是值得的。(表语)I think it worthwhile to read the book. 我认为看那本书是值得的。(宾补)还可用于It is worthwhile doing /to do sth. 句型。如：It is worthwhile reading /to read the book.= Reading /To read is worthwhile.这本书值得看。有时可在worth与while之间插入ones。如：The work is worth your while. 这工作值得你去做。It is worth our while to discuss the question. 这个问题值得我们讨论。Make it worth sb.s while 酬谢某人。如：They promised to make it worth her while if she would take part. 他们许诺说她要是参加，就给她报酬。介词翻译技巧（1）（1）转译：英语中常用介词来表达动作意义。汉译时，可将介词转译成动词。在作表语的介词短语中，介词常转译为动词，而连系动词则省略不译。如：This machine is out of repair.这台机器失修了。在作目的或原因状语的介词短语中，介词有时转译成动词。如：The plane crushed out of control.这架飞机失去控制而坠毁。The letter E is commonly used for electromotive force.通常用E这个字母表示电动势。在作条件、方式或方法状语的介词短语中，介词有时转译成动词。如：But even the larger molecules with several hundred atoms are too small to be seen with the best optical microscope.但是，即使有几百个原子的分子也是太小了，用最好的光学显微镜也看不见它们。介词短语作补足语时，其中介词常转译成动词。如：Heat sets these particles in random motion.热量使这些粒子作随机运动。（2）增译：增词不是无中生有，而是要根据上下文特别是与介词搭配的动词或形容词的含义加得恰当。有不少情况，句中与介词搭配的动词或形容词不出现，如照原文结构无法把意思表达清楚，甚至易于误解时，这就需要增词。如：Thats all there is to it.那就是与此有关的全部内容。（原句中 to=related to）The engineer was taken ill with consumption. It was flour on the lungs， the doctor told him at the time.这个工程师得了肺一病、那是由于面粉对肺部的影响，当时医生这样对他说的。（on=effect）因此，熟悉介词与动词或形容词的习惯搭配是增词并正确理解词义的一种重要手段。介词翻译技巧（2）（3）分译：介词短语作定语时，往往是定语从句的一种简略形式。介词短语作状语时，有时是状语从句的简略形式。有些介词短语还是并列句的简略形式。因此汉译时，有的可以拆句分译。译成并列分句。The porous wall acts as a kind of seine for separating molecules.多孔壁的作用就象一把筛子，它把不同质量的分子分开。译成让步分句。With all its disadvantages this design is considered to be one of the best.这个设计尽管有种种缺点，仍被认为最佳设计之一。译成真实或虚拟条件分句。Mans warm blood makes it difficult for him to live long in the sea without some kind warmth.人的血液是热的，如果得不到一定的热量，人就难以长期在海水中生活。译成原因分句。We cannot see it clearly for the fog.由于有雾，我们看不清它。The machine is working none the worse for its long service.这部机器并不因使用的时间长而性能变差了。译成目的分句。This body of knowledge is customarily divided for convenience of study into the classifications： mechanics， heat， light， electricity and sound.。为了便于研究起见，通常将这门学科分为力学、热学、光学、电学和声学。（4）不译：不译或省略翻译是在确切表达原文内容的前提下使译文简练，合乎汉语规范，决不是任意省略某些介词。表示时间或地点的英语介词，译成汉语如出现在句首，大都不译。如：There are four seasons in a year. 一年有四季。Many water power stations have been built in the country.我国已建成许多水电站。有些介词如for（为了），from（从），to（对），on（在时）等，可以不译。如：The barometer is a good instrument for measuring air pressure.气压计是测量气压的好仪器。The air was removed from between the two pipes.两根管子之间的空气已经抽出。Answers to questions 2 and 3 may be obtained in the laboratory.问题2和3的答案可以在实验室里得到。Most substances expand on heating and contract on cooling.大多数物质热胀冷缩。表示与主语有关的某一方面、范围或内容的介词有时不译，可把介词的宾语译成汉语主语。如：Something has gone wrong with the engine.这台发动机出了毛病。Gold is similar in color to brass金子的颜色和黄铜相似。Its never occurred to me that bats are really guided by their ears.我从未想到蝙蝠居然是靠耳朵引路的。不少of介词短语在句中作定语。其中of（的）往往不译。如：The change of electrical energy into mechanical energy is done in motors.电能变为机械能是通过电动机实现的。 （of短语和change在逻辑上有主谓关系，可译成立谓结构。）Some of the properties of cathode rays listed below.现将阴极射线的一些特性开列如下。（第一个of短语和some在逻辑上有部分关系，Of不译出。）介词翻译技巧（3）（5）反译：在不少情况下，有的介词短语如不从反面着笔，译文就不通，这时必须反译。如：beyond， past，against等表示超过某限度的能力或反对时，其短语有时用反译法。如：It is post repair.这东西无法修补了。There are some arguments against the possibility of life on this planet.有些论据不同意这行星上可能有生物。Radio telescopes have been able to probe space beyond the range of ordinary optical telescopes.射电望远镜已能探测普通光学望远镜达不到的宇宙空间。off， from等表示地点，距离时，有时有反译法。如：The boat sank off the coast.这只船在离海岸不远处沉没了。but，except，besides等表示除去、除外时，有时用反译法。Copper is the best conductor but silver.铜是仅次于银的最优导体。The mdelecular formula， C6H14， does not show anything except the total number of carbon and hydrogen atoms.分子式C6H14只用来表示碳原子和氢原子的总数。from，in等介词短语作补足语时，有时用反译法。如：An iron case will keep the Earths magnetic field away from the compass.铁箱能使地球磁场影响不了指南针。The signal was shown about the machine being order.信号表明机器设有毛病。“一个词脱离上下文是不能翻译的”（索伯列夫），没有上下文就没有词义。介词的翻译须根据上下文和词的搭配灵活处理，切忌作对号入座的机械翻译。翻译误区：望文生义（1）翻译时常常出现这样的情况：几个再熟悉不过的词搭配在一起，翻译过来，满以为“把握十足”实则却是“失之千里”，原来，英语中有些词组，短语和句型结构，表面上看可以在汉语中找到完全对应的译词或表达方式，而实际上他们所表达的却是与字面完全不同的另外一个意思。下面分几种情况说明：1英语中有些专有名词构成的短语，都可能有一定的来历或有趣的故事，但现在已失去了其本意。因此，不可照字面意思直译。如：American beauty 误译：“美国美女”而是“四季开花的红蔷薇”British warm 误译：“英国的温暖”而是“双排纽扣的大衣China town 误译：“中国城镇”而是“外国城市里中国人居住区”China rose 误译：“中国玫瑰”而是“月季花”Dutch comfort 误译：“荷兰人的安慰”而是“不会使人感激的安慰”English disease 误译：“英国病”而是“软骨病”French chalk 误译：“法国粉笔”而是“滑石粉”French window 误译：“法国窗”而是“落地窗”Grandfather clock 误译：“爷爷的钟”而是“落地大摆钟”To take French leave 误译：“法国人的离开”而是“不辞而别”Go Dutch 误译：“去荷兰”而是“AA制”German measles 误译：“德国麻疹”而是“风疹”German shepherd 误译：“德国牧羊人”而是“牧羊狗”Indian summer 误译：“印度的夏天”而是“小阳春”Indian ink 误译：“印度墨水”而是“墨汁”Italian hand 误译：“意大利人的手”而是“暗中干预”Indian/single file误译：“印度的档案”而是“(排列)成单行”Spanish castle 误译：“西班牙城堡”而是“空中楼阁”Turkish delight 误译：“土耳其欢乐”而是“拌砂、胶质软糖”定语从句的翻译技巧（上）1.前置法：把定语从句翻译到所修饰的先行词前面，可以用“的”来连接。He who has never tasted what is bitter does not know what is sweet。没有吃过苦的人不知道什么是甜。Space and oceans are the new world which scientists are trying to explore。太空和海洋是科学家们努力探索的新领域。His laughter, which was infectious, broke the silence。他那富有感染力的笑声打破了沉寂。2. 后置法：把定语从句翻译在所修饰的先行词后面，翻译为并列分句。(1)重复先行词。I told the story to John, who told it to his brother。他把这件事告诉了约翰，约翰又告诉了他的弟弟。We wish to express our satisfaction at this to the Special Committee, whose activities deserve to be encouraged。在我们对特别委员会表示满意，特别委员会的工作应该受到鼓励。You, whose predecessors scored initial success in astronomical research, have acquired a greater accomplishment in this respect。你们的先辈在天文学研究方面取得了初步的成功，而你们现在则在这一方面获得了更大的成就。Although he lacks experience, he has enterprise and creativity, which are decisive in achieving success in the area。他虽然经验不足，但很有进取心和创造力，而这正是在这一领域获得成功的关键。(2)省略先行词。ceived the letter that announced the death of your uncle。是他接到那封信，说你的叔叔去世了。They worked out a new method by which production has now been rapidly increased。他们制定出一种新方案，采用之后生产已迅速得到提高。定语从句的翻译技巧（下）3. 融合法：把定语从句和它所修饰的先行词结合在一起翻译。There is a man downstairs who wants to see you。楼下有人要见你。In our factory, there are many people who are much interested in the new invention。在我们工厂里，许多人对这项新发明很感兴趣。We used a plane of which almost every part carried some indication of national identity。我们驾驶的飞机几乎每一个部件都有一些国籍标志She had a balance at her bankers which would have made her beloved anywhere。她在银行里的存款足以使她到处受到欢迎4. 状译法(1)译成表示“时间”的分句A driver who is driving the bus mustnt talk with others or be absent-minded。司机在开车时，不许和人谈话，也不能走神。(2)译成表示“原因”的分句He showed no further wish for conversation with Mrs. Smith, who was now more than usually insolent and disagreeable。他似乎不愿再和史密斯太太讲话，因为她现在异常无礼，令人厌烦。(3)译成表示“条件”的分句Men become desperate for work, any work, which will help them to keep alive their families。人们极其迫切地要求工作，不管什么工作，只要它能维持一家人的生活就行。(4)译成表示“让步”的分句He insisted on buying another house, which he had no use for尽管他并没有这样的需要，他坚持要再买一幢房子。(5)译成表示“目的”的分句He wishes to write an article that will attract the public attention to the matter。为了引起公众对这一事件的注意，他想写一篇文章。He is collecting authentic material that proves his argument。为了证明他的论点，他正在收集确凿的材料以。(6)译成表示“结果”的分句They tried to stamp out the revolt, which spread all the more furiously throughout the country。他们企图镇压反抗，结果反抗愈来愈烈，遍及全国。(7译成表示“转折”的分句She was very patient towards the children, which her husband seldom was。她对孩子们很有耐心，而她丈夫却很少这样。状语从句的翻译技巧（上）英语中状语从句体现了从句和主句之间的逻辑关系，它具体可以分为9种：时间、地点、条件、让步、原因、结果、目的、比较和方式状语。其中，状语从句的翻译方法，总的来说遵循三点主要原则：连词能省则省，只要能把意思说清楚，尽量不使用连词。如果条件或让步状语从句在整句中语气较弱，可以把主句译在前面，从句译在后面。状语从句的位置可以灵活变动，以便使译文更流畅。种类的判断主要依赖于连词语义的判断。下面，我们就通过几个例子分析一下状语从句在考试中出现的形式。1. While formal learning is transmitted by teachers selected to perform this role, informal learning is acquired as a natural part of a childs development。本句中包含一个While引导的让步状语从句，第二部分是主句；从句中，formal learning是主语，谓语是is transmitted，过去分词selected作teachers的后置定语，是不定式to perform this role作selected的目的状语；主句中，informal learning是主语，谓语是is acquired，介词短语as a natural part of a childs development作acquired的结果状语。参考译文：尽管正式的学习过程是由挑选出来担当此角色的教师来进行的，非正式的学习过程却是作为孩子成长的自然一部分而完成的。2. While it is true that this competition may induce efforts to expand territory at the expense of others, and thus lead to conflict, it cannot be said that war-like conflict among other nations is inevitable, although competition is。该句可拆分为三大部分；（White it is true that this competition may induce efforts to expand territory at the expense of others, and thus lead to conflict, ） （it cannot be said that war-like conflict among other nations is inevitable,） （although competition is. ），第一部分是While引导的让步状语从句，第二部分是主句，第三部分是although引导的让步状语从句；第一部分的主语是山指代后面的that从句，实际上，While it is true that已形成固定结构，参见知识链接，that从句的主语是this competition，谓语是may induce，宾语是efforts，不定式to expand territory作efforts的后置定语，at the expense of others作expand的状语；and之后的lead to是谓语，与前面的induce并列，conflict是宾语；主句中的主语是it,指代后面的that从句，该从句的主语是conflict，谓语动词是is，表语是inevitable，复合形容词war-like作conflict的定语，among other nations作conflict的后置定语；第三部分although从句的主语是competition，谓语是is，表语是inevitable，承前省略了。该句的第二部分，即主句运用了被动语态，在翻译时要译为汉语的主动语态，这是常用的一条原则，因为英文多被动，汉语多主动。参考译文：虽然这种竞争会引发以他人利益为代价的领土扩张行动，因此也会引发冲突，但却不能认为类似于战争的国家间的冲突不可避免，尽管竞争是不可避免的。3. While it is true that to date the Internet seems to be favoring the most developed sectors of the international community over the less developed, this need not always be the case。该句可拆分为两部分：（While it is true that to date the Internet seems to be favoring the most developed sectors of the international community over the less developed,） （this need not always be the case. ），第一部分是While引导的让步状语从句，第二部分是主句；从句中，it是形式主语，指代后面的that从句，While it is true that已形成固定结构，参见知识链接，that从句主语是the Internet，谓语是seems，不定式to be。作表语，介词短语over the less developed作favoring的状语；主句比较简单，主语是this，指代从句内容，谓语是need not always be，表语是the case。参考译文： 尽管迄今为止互联网似乎更加青睐国际社会中的发达领域，而非不太发达的领域，情形并不总是如此。状语从句的翻译技巧（下）4.There is a virtual limit on how long we can hope to remain alive，however lucky