2007年春季高级口译考试第一阶段笔试实考试卷及参考答案.pdf

沪江口译 2007年春季高级口译考试第一阶段实考试卷及参考答案年春季高级口译考试第一阶段实考试卷及参考答案 SECTION 1 LISTENING TEST Part A Spot Dictation Direction In this part of the test you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it Fill in each of the blanks with the words you have heard on the tape Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE Most unassertive people are not confident and take no for an answer much too easily There is a growing awareness in our society that this tendency 1 the rights of large numbers of people For example in recent years there has been an upsurge in 2 and pressure groups This is a 3 as there will always be a need for such organizations to 4 individuals and minorities in a competitive society The danger is that we 5 for our rights and lose the art of asserting ourselves It is better for 6 with other people if you can learn 7 for yourself Now we have to learn to ignore some of the 8 that may be ringing in our unconscious minds such as If you ask once more I ll flatten you and 9 The main technique that we use in 10 to practice the art of persistence is called Broken Record 11 we hear one sentence over and over again until we reach screaming pitch and 12 Broken Record is the skill of being able to repeat over and over again 13 what it is you want or need until the other person gives in or 14 Now this technique is extremely useful for dealing with situations where your rights are clearly 15 or coping with situations where you are likely to be diverted by clever 16 The beauty of using Broken Record is that you 17 because you know exactly what you are going to say however 18 the other person tries to be As with most assertive techniques it must be used appropriately It is 19 and is not designed to foster deep interesting conversations and friendships with people It is primarily of use in situations where 20 Part B Listening Comprehension Directions In this part of the test there will be some short talks and conversations After each one you will be asked some questions The talks conversations and questions will be spoken ONLY ONCE Now listen carefully and choose the right answer to each question you have heard and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following conversation 1 A Education and health B Health in adolescence C Sleep deprivation in teens 沪江口译 D Mysteries of sleep 2 A A balance in cognitive thoughts and emotions B A chronic sleep deprivation C A huge wave of sleepiness D A mighty sleep hormone 3 A Melatonin is the source of a big push from biology that makes teenagers night owls B Melatonin is a simple signal that turns on in the morning and turns off in the evening C Melatonin is secreted several hours later in childhood than it will be during adolescence D Melatonin doesn t shut off until 11 o clock P M every day 4 A They have to struggle to stay up all night B They get severely sleep deprived C They very often oversleep D They fall asleep too soon at night 5 A Alertness B Reaction time C Emotion D Concentration Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following news 6 A Corporate executives are confident in the stock market trends B Investors in general believe that the outlook for profits is worsening C Some major company executives are selling more shares than buying D The US stock market is expanding at a 5 6 percent annual rate this year 7 A To inspect the shuttle for potentially critical heat shield damage B To rewire the space station for a permanent power source C To beat the odds to get off the launch pad in the first night time launch D To make a fiery ascent that turns night into day 8 A 50 B 80 C 150 D 180 9 A Forty five women were killed in the blaze at a drug treatment center B The fire was not caused by arson according to a senior firefighter C Nine mentally ill patients died in the fire D People were trapped behind locked gates and barred windows 10 A Two detectives investigating the case had tested positive for traces of radiation B The ex wife and the former mother in law of the spy were also poisoned C The Russian businessman who met the former spy in London has fallen ill D There is a high degree of probability that it is polonium that killed the spy Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following interview 11 A Closed to the public B Silent and empty C Packed with D Strangely crowded 12 A New Mexico B Minnesota C The coast of Florida D The Caribbean 13 A Several gallons of petrol B Food for at least three days C Plenty of drinking water D A sturdy pair of work boots 14 A The potential damage B The unexpected temperature changes C The hurricane s possible path D The vulnerability of the locals 沪江口译 15 A Watch wait and try not to panic B Choose another place for a vacation C Ask for their money back if there s a hurricane D Plan for very bad weather Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following talk 16 A Car alarms B Sirens C Jack hammers D Loud music 17 A Break eggs on the road B Take certain legal action C Use some minor retaliatory step D Paint the windshield or front hood of a car 18 A It can only alert the police B It is of no use C It can prevent the car being broken into D It is really too expensive 19 A It makes them noisier than they were 20 years ago B It makes it difficult for them to fall asleep C It affects their work during the day D It does harm to their hearing 20 A Many New Yorkers agree about banning this form of sonic pollution B The police have formed a posse to reduce the amount of noise C Police can break into a car as soon as the alarm goes off D Car alarms are very effective at preventing theft SECTION 2 READING TEST Directions In this section you will read several passages Each one is followed by several questions about it You are to choose ONE best answer A B C or D to each question Answer all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET Questions 1 5 When Harvey Ball took a black felt tip pen to a piece of yellow paper in 1963 he never could have realized that he was drafting the face that would launch 50 million buttons and an eventual war over copyright Mr Ball a commercial artist was simply filling a request from Joy Young of the Worcester Mutual Insurance Company to create an image for their smile campaign to coach employees to be more congenial in their customer relations It seems there was a hunger for a bright grin the original order of 100 smiley face buttons were snatched up and an order for 10 000 more was placed at once The Worcester Historical Museum takes this founding moment seriously Just as you d want to know the biography of General Washington we realized we didn t know the comprehensive history of the Smiley Face says Bill Wallace the executive director of the historical museum where the exhibit Smiley An American Icon opens to the public Oct 6 in Worcester Mass Worcester often referred to by neighboring Bostonians as that manufacturing town off Route 90 lays claim to several other famous commercial firsts the monkey wrench and shredded wheat among them Smiley Face is a particularly warm spot in the city s history 沪江口译 Through a careful historical analysis Mr Wallace says that while the Smiley Face birthplace is undisputed it took several phases of distribution before the distinctive rounded tipped smile with one eye slightly larger than the other proliferated in the mainstream As the original buttons spread like drifting pollen with no copyright attached a bank in Seattle next realized its commercial potential Under the guidance of advertising executive David Stern the University Federal Savings the combined average for the SAT s math and reading sections fell 7 points to 1021 the biggest decrease since 1975 when the score dropped 16 points to 1010 But statistically speaking a 7 point decline out of a possible 1600 on those two sections isn t much It s less than the value of a single question which is about 10 points Also the SAT was radically changed last year The College Board made it longer and added Algebra II more grammar and an essay Fewer kids wanted to take the new 3 hr 45 min test more than once so fewer had an opportunity to improve their performance Scores were bound to slide But tucked into the reams of data the College Board included with the new scores was some wonderful news 1 was wrong In 2003 I spent six months tracking the development of the new SAT I sat through hours of test development sessions and even learned how to grade SAT essays TIME ran my resulting story on its cover that October The story did make some predictions that turned out to be right For instance the new test favors girls more than the old one did It is a long standing tenet of testmaking that girls outperform boys on writing exams For reasons I am not foolish enough to speculate about in print girls are better than boys at fixing grammar and constructing essays so the addition of a third SAT section on writing was almost certain to shrink the male female score gap It did Girls trounced boys on the new writing section 502 to 491 Boys still outscored girls overall thanks largely to boys 536 average on the math section compared with girls 502 But boys now lead on the reading section by just 3 points 505 to 502 the gap was 8 points last year What changed The new test has no analogies bird is to nest as dog is to doghouse and boys usually clobbered girls on analogies My story also predicted that the addition of the writing section would damage the SAT S reliability Reliability is a measure of how similar a test s results are from one sitting to the next The pre 2005 SAT had a standard error of measurement of about 30 points per section In other words if you got a 500 on the math section your true score was anywhere between 470 and 530 But the new writing section which includes not only a multiple choice grammar segment but also the subjective essay has a standard error of measurement of 40 points That means a kid who gets a 760 in writing may actually be a perfect 800 or a clever but no genius 720 In short the College Board sacrificed some reliability in order to include writing Finally I was right about one other thing that the graders would reward formulaic colorless writing over sharp young voices The average essay score for kids who wrote in the first person was 6 9 compared with 7 2 for those who didn t A 1 to 12 scale is used to grade essays That score is then combined with the score on the grammar questions and translated into the familiar 200 to 800 points As my editors know well first person writing can flop But the College Board is now distributing a guide called 20 Outstanding SAT Essays all of them perfect scores and many are unbearably mechanical and cliched Still there s good news The central contention of my 2003 story was that the SAT S shift from an abstract reasoning test to a test of classroom material like Algebra 11 would hurt kids from failing schools I was worried that the most vulnerable students would struggle on the new version Instead the very poorest children those from families earning less than 20 000 a year improved their SAT performance this year It was a modest improvement just 3 points but significant given the overall slump in scores And noncitizen residents and refugees saw 沪江口译 their scores rise an impressive 13 points It was middleclass and rich kids who account for the much reported decline What explains those wonderfully unpredictable findings The College Board has no firm answers but its top researcher Wayne Camara suggests a somewhat self serving theory the new SAT is less coachable When designing the new test the board banned analogies and quantitative comparisons 1 think those items disadvantaged students who did not have the resources the motivation the awareness to figure out how to approach them says Camara By eliminating those the test becomes much less about strategy Because it focuses more on what high schools teach and less on tricky reasoning questions the SAT is now more not less egalitarian Sometimes it s nice to be wrong 7 What are some of the right predictions the author made about the new SAT a few years ago 8 Why does the author say that the addition of the writing section would damage the SAT s reliability para 4 9 What is the good news para 6 about the SAT according to the passage 10 What does Wayne Camara mean by saying that the new SAT is less coachable para 7 SECTION 6 TRANSLATION TEST Directions Translate the following passage into English and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET 中国政府高度重视保护环境 认为保护环境关系到国家现代化建设的全局和长远发 展 是造福当代 惠及子孙的事业 中国政府将环境保护确立为一项基本国策 在推进经 济发展的同时 采取一系列措施加强保护环境 特别是近年来 中国政府坚持预防为主 综合治理 全面推进 重点突破 着力解决危害人民群众健康的突出环境问题 坚持创新 体制机制 领先科学进步 强化环境法治 发挥社会各方面的积极性 经过努力 环境 污染和生态破坏加剧的趋势减缓 部分流域污染治理初见成效 部分城市和地区环境质量 有所改善 全社会保护环境意识进一步增强 2007年春季高级口译考试第一阶段实考试卷及参考答案年春季高级口译考试第一阶段实考试卷及参考答案 SECTION 1 LISTENING TEST Part A Spot Dictation 1 is jeopardizing 2 consumer protection organizations 3 welcomed development 4 protect the interests of 5 become over dependent on professional workers 6 your self esteem and relationships 7 the art of persistence 8 not so pleasant messages 9 Don t make a scene 10 assertiveness training 11 When a record is scratched 12 jump to turn it off 沪江口译 13 in an assertive and relaxed manner 14 agrees to negotiate with you 15 in danger of being abused 16 articulate but irrelevant arguments 17 have nothing more to worry about 18 abusive or manipulative 19 a self protective skill 20 your time and energy is precious Part B Listening Comprehension 1 C 2 D 3 A 4 B 5 C 6 C 7 B 8 B 9 C 10 D 11 B 12 D 13 A 14 C 15 D 16 A 17 C 18 B 19 D 20 A SECTION 2 READING TEST 1 B 2 B 3 C 4 C 5 A 6 C 7 D 8 A 9 D 10 A 11 A 12 D 13 B 14 B 15 C 16 C 17 B 18 D 19 D 20 D 沪江口译 SECTION 3 TRANSLATION TEST 参考译文 彼得 德鲁克在世时就已成为传奇人物 他以 95 岁高龄辞世 一生著作颇丰 涉略广 泛 在宗教 哲学以及政治学等领域都堪为人师 然而他最重要的成就无疑还是在商业领域 德鲁克对管理学贡献巨大 其价值正如约翰 凯恩斯之于经济学 二十世纪八十年代起 他开始对企业乃至资本主义制度本身产生了深深的怀疑 他不再 认为公司是创造和谐氛围的理想场所 事实上 他所目睹的与此恰恰相反 公司里人人各为 其利 而这与他一直倡导的平等原则相违背 无论是在著作还是演讲中 德鲁克都旗帜鲜明 成为美国式企业制度最重要的批判者之一 适逢大财团纷纷涌现 他不厌其烦 尽数此类疯 狂兼并和收购的弊端 当企业经理人们埋头建造商业帝国时 他指出冗员过多和机构臃肿会 造成效率低下 危害不浅 1984 年 他在一篇文章中有力地说明企业首席行政官的薪酬之高已近失控 并强烈建 议各公司的董事会将其首席执行官的报酬控制在普通员工的二十倍以内 他认为 企业高管 动辄数百万美元的离职补偿金 使他们本末倒置 只管个人利益 最使他气愤的是公司经理 人一方面自己收入丰厚 另一方面却在大批裁员 德鲁克写道 无论是在道德层面 还是 对于社会而言 这都是无法原谅的 我们会为此付出沉重的代价 SECTION 4 LISTENING TEST Part A Note taking And Gap filling 1 charitable 2 economy 3 income wealth 4 incentives motivations 5 tops leads 6 defining 7 consumerism 8 intertwined interwoven 9 services 10 rivals competitors 11 peripheral 12 transcend 13 receiving 14 ties cohesion 15 successful 16 liberals 17 lifestyles 18 progress 19 satisfactions joy 20 monetar 沪江口译 Part B Listening and Translation I Sentence Translation Sentence 1 Housing is currently in a steep slump following an extended five year boom powered by the lowest mortgage rates in a generation Sales of both new and existing homes which set records for five straight years have been falling Sentence 2 Most of us tend to believe that competition is good and that competition fairly handled can generally stimulate more efficiency in production greater efforts to improve products and lower prices for consumers Sentence 3 Illegal immigrants put pressure on public schools and hospitals strain state and local budgets and bring crime to our communities Yet the vast majority are decent people who work hard and lead responsible lives Sentence 4 More people are displaced by natural disasters than by wars The death toll from this once in a century earthquake has reached 23 000 and it has left 2 5 million people without shelter Sentence 5 Share prices received a shock yesterday when the government increased interest rates to five per cent As a result the Dow Jones dropped by three hundred and forty points closing at twelve thousand one hundred its lowest level for ten weeks 参考答案 1 在经历了长达 5 年的由超低房贷利率引发的迅猛发展后 房地产业急剧下挫 连续五年 创新高的新建和已有住宅销量持续下降 2 我们大多数人相信竞争是有益的 公平的竞争通常会使生产效率更高 提高产品质量力度 更大 以及产品销售价格更低 3 非法移民给公立学校和医院带来压力 造成州政府和地方政府预算紧张 且导致社区犯罪 率上升 但是大部分非法移民都是工作努力 有责任感的好人 4 更多的人因自然灾害而不是战争流离失所 这次百年一遇的地震造成 2 万 3 千人死亡 250 万人无家可归 5 政府将利率增加到 5 使得股价昨日大受冲击 道琼斯指数下跌 340 点 报收 12 100 点 创下 10 周以来最低水平 6 II Passage Translation Passage 1 I experienced the community of people who worked hard but always with plenty of laughing and singing These people were dirt poor by western standards with no running water or electricity or any other modern convenience Yet they display tremendous joy in their lives with their keen senses of humor and their liking for dancing and drumming till the early hours of morning I learned a powerful lesson that will continue to impress me for decades to come Happiness is not dependent on material wealth and it was this lesson that eventually led me to question the 沪江口译 American dream a dream of gaining as much money power and status as humanly possible 我曾在这样一群人中生活 他们工作辛苦 却总是充满了欢笑和歌声 用西方社会的生活标 准来衡量的话 这些人极为贫困 没有自来水 居住地不通电 没有任何的现代化生活设施 然而 他们富于幽默感 热爱舞蹈击鼓 生活充满了乐趣 甚至狂欢至凌晨 我受到了深深 的触动 这种感触在以后的几十年中会一直影响我 幸福并不基于物质财富 这个启发使我 最终对 美国之梦 产生了怀疑 因为 美国之梦 就是尽人的能力所及争取更多的金钱 权力及更高的地位 Passage 2 The figures for burglaries have risen alarmingly over the last few years and are now quite appalling Let me quote you a few statistics about break ins A house is burgled now about every three minutes and over the past five years the number of burglaries reported to the police has risen by approximately 60 000 to well over 500 000 this year The insurance companies report that last year alone household burglary losses rose by 38 per cent over the previous year to 219 7 million pounds and I believe one or two companies are refusing to provide burglary cover in what we might call high risk areas 在过去几年中 统计数字显示入室盗窃案件大幅上升 现在情况已经非常惊人 让我告诉您 一些相关数字 现在每三分钟就会有一户失窃 据报道 在过去的五年中 报警的入室盗窃 案件数上升了 6 万 今年已超过 50 万 保险