高考英语外研版必修三要点点拨课件：Module 3 PeriodThree.ppt

module3theviolenceofnature 单元语法 过去完成时的被动语态和间接引语 内容索引 periodthreegrammar writing 单元写作 writingareportaboutanaturalevent 单元语法过去完成时的被动语态和间接引语 用所给动词的正确形式填空1 bythetimethetornadoended morethan700people kill 2 coghlantravelledbacktocanada afterhe bury intexas 3 shereturnedhomeandfoundallherfurniture ruin bytheflood 语法感知 语法导学 hadbeenkilled hadbeenburied hadbeenruined 4 aftertheearthquake theydiscoveredthatseveralpeople injure 5 whenshewokeup shefoundthatherhouse destroy bythethunderstorm hadbeen hadbeendestroyed injured 将下列直接引语变为间接引语1 ihaven theardfrommyparentsthesedays saidmary 2 thegeographyteachersaidtous themoonmovesaroundtheearth 3 zhanghongsaidtome doctorwangpassedawayin1948 marysaidthatshehadn theardfromherparentsthosedays thegeographyteachertoldusthatthemoonmovesaroundtheearth zhanghongtoldmethatdoctorwangpassedawayin1948 4 hesaid areyouastudent 5 shesaid icameheretoseethedoctorthedaybeforeyesterday heaskedwhether ifiwasastudent shesaidthatshehadgonetheretoseethedoctortwodaysbefore 过去完成时的被动语态过去完成时的被动式表示动作在过去某一时刻或某一动作之前已完成 且谓语动词与主语存在被动关系 句中常用by before until when等词引导时间状语 语法精析 一 过去完成时的被动语态有以下三种结构 1 肯定结构 主语 hadbeendone 其他成分2 否定结构 主语 hadnotbeendone 其他成分3 疑问结构 had 主语 beendone 其他成分 疑问词 had 主语 beendone 其他成分 二 过去完成时的被动语态常用于以下情况 1 表示过去某一时间以前已经完成的动作 常与by before等引导的时间状语连用 bythetimehegottoschool thefirstperiodhadbeenfinished 当他赶到学校的时候 第一节课已经上完了 theclassroomhadbeencleanedbeforetheteachercame 在老师到来之前 教室已经被打扫了 howmanybuildingshadbeendestroyedwhenthehurricaneended 飓风结束的时候 有多少座大楼被毁了 2 在told said knew heard thought等动词之后的宾语从句中 若表示过去某一被动动作时 用过去完成时的被动语态 heheardthattheticketshadalreadybeensoldout 他听说票已售完 themediareportedthatmorethan1 000peoplehadbeenkilledinthehurricane 媒体报道说有一千多人在飓风中丧生 3 根据语意可以判断出动作先后的被动语态 先发生的被动动作用过去完成时的被动语态 astheassignmenthadbeendone hewentontosearchforsomeinformationontheinternet 因为作业已经完成 他上网查阅了一些资料 hedidwhathehadbeentoldto 他是按要求做的 间接引语英语中常用两种方式引用别人的话 一种是直接引述别人的原话 把它放在引号内 叫直接引语 另一种是用自己的话转述别人的话 叫间接引语 shesaid i madentist 她说 我是牙医 直接引语 shesaidthatshewasadentist 她说她是牙医 间接引语 如果把直接引语变为间接引语 我们要记住 六变 从句中的人称 时态 指示代词 时间状语和地点状语等一般均要作相应的改变 其变动的一般规则如下表所示 将直接引语变为间接引语时应注意以下事项 1 在人称变化项目中 如果主句的主语是第一人称 则从句的主语无需变化 如果主句的主语是第三人称 则从句的主语常有上表所示变化 isay youareright isaythatyouareright 2 时态不变的特殊情况如下 直接引语是客观真理时 hesaid theearthgoesaroundthesun hesaidthattheearthgoesaroundthesun 当直接引语中有具体的过去时间作状语时 间接引语仍然用一般过去时 mrwangsaid iwasborninchinainseptember 1972 mrwangsaidthathewasborninchinainseptember 1972 当直接引语是过去完成时态时 shesaid theyhadleftwheniarrivedthere shesaidthattheyhadleftwhenshearrivedthere 当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时 现在完成时或一般将来时时 shesays missliuisgoodatenglish shesaysthatmissliuisgoodatenglish 当直接引语表示的是谚语或名人名言时 hesaid wherethereisawill thereisaway hesaidwherethereisawill thereisaway 当直接引语表示客观的时刻表时 hesaid theplanetakesoffat6 30am hesaidthattheplanetakesoffat6 30am 3 如在当天转述别人说过的话 时间状语可不变 如果在当地转述 地点状语和动词 come 也不必改变 hesaid i llbebacktonight hesaidthathewouldbebacktonight 4 句型变化 直接引语为疑问句时句型的变化 直接引语为疑问句时 变为间接引语除注意在人称 时态和状态等方面作相应变化外 还应注意 间接引语应改用陈述语序 特殊疑问句的疑问词应保留 一般疑问句 选择疑问句或反意疑问句在变为间接引语时要用连词whether 或if heasked you vealreadyfinishedyourhomework haven tyou heaskedif whetherwehadalreadyfinishedourhomework 直接引语为祈使句时的变化 当直接引语为祈使句时 变间接引语时主句的谓语动词应根据直接引语的口气换用ask invite advise warn tell order等词 而原直接引语中的谓语动词则变为不定式 hesaidtome don tbelatetomorrow hetoldmenottobelatethenextday theofficialsaid getreadybeforelunch theofficialorderedustogetreadybeforelunch 单句语法填空 高考链接 1 arescueworkerriskedhislifesavingtwotouristswho trap inthemountainsfortwodays 2018 北京 2 iwassenttothevillagelastmonthtoseehowthedevelopmentplan carry outinthepasttwoyears 2018 江苏 3 inthe1950sintheusa mostfamilieshadjustonephoneathome andwirelessphones not invent yet 2017 北京 hadbeentrapped had hadn tbeeninvented beencarried 4 theexhibitiontellsusweshoulddosomethingtostopairpollution 2015 四川 5 itisdifficultforustoimaginelifewaslikeforslavesintheancientworld 2014 山东 6 jameshasjustarrived butididn tknowhe come untilyesterday 2014 重庆 7 experimentsofthiskind conduct inboththeu s andeuropewellbeforethesecondworldwar 2011 北京 8 inthelastfewyearsthousandsoffilms produce allovertheworld 2011 天津 why what wascoming hadbeenconducted havebeenproduced 选词填空 达标检测 1 thetoysweresolovelythatthey hadbeensold weresold innotime 2 howlong hadtheyknown havetheyknown eachotherbeforetheygotmarried 3 attheendofthemeeting itwasannouncedthatanagreement hadreached hadbeenreached weresold hadtheyknown had beenreached 4 we havenotseen hadnotseen eachotheruptonowsinceileftmyhometown 5 whenigotupthismorning ifoundthattherain hadstopped stopped andthesunwasshining havenotseen hadstopped 将下列直接引语变为间接引语 6 heaskedher whereareyougoing 7 afriendinneedisafriendindeed mothersaidtome 8 youmustdoitrightnow thebosssaidtohissecretary heaskedherwhereshewasgoing mothertoldmethatafriendinneedisafriendindeed thebosstoldhissecretarythatshe hehadtodoitrightnow 9 howlonghaveyouworkedinthecompany heaskedme 10 willmrchencometogiveusalecturenextweek iaskedsara 11 theteachersaidtous wewillhaveanenglishtestnextsaturday heaskedmehowlongihadworkedinthecompany iaskedsarawhether ifmrchenwouldcometogiveusalecturethenextweek theteachertoldusthatwewouldhaveanenglishtestthenextsaturday 12 heaskedtheboy whywereyoulateagain 13 hesaidtome shutthewindow please 14 thedoctorsaidtome don tdrinktoomuch 15 theoldmansaid theboysoverthereareplayingfootball heaskedtheboywhyhehadbeenlateagain heaskedmetoshutthewindow thedoctortoldmenottodrinktoomuch theoldmansaidthattheboysovertherewereplayingfootball 语法填空 2017 辽宁辽河油田二中高一期中 ayoungmanwantedtofindajobafter16 finish school onedayhecametoabigcompanyforit thereweresixyoungpeoplethatday17 thecompanyonlywantedone theinterviewwasveryeasy itwasonlyafive18 minute shorttalk thenthesixyoungpeopleallwenthome finishing but minutes 19 themorningofthethirdday theyoungmangotatextmessage it20 say wearesorrytotellyouthatyoucannotworkinourcompany theyoungmanfeltverysad butheanswered21 polite thankyouallthesame 22 late thatafternoon theyoungmangotanothertextmessagesaying weareglad23 tell youthatyoucanbeoneofus on said politely later totell theyoungmandidn tknowwhy peopleinthecompanytoldhim that sbecauseof24 samemessageinthemorning onlyyousaid thankyou thatwastherealtest andonlyyougavetherightanswer whenyoufeel25 disappoint donotforgettosay thankyou totheonewhodisappointsyou the disappointed 单元写作writingareportaboutanaturalevent 技法点拨 本模块的写作文体是介绍自然灾害的说明文 描述自然灾害首先要说明该灾害的基本情况 然后根据需要选择角度 简明扼要而又突出重点地介绍 力求真实准确 恰如其分 写好自然灾害类文章的关键是实事求是 简明扼要 写作指导 1 事件名称disaster earthquake flood volcaniceruption drought 干旱 abigfire tsunami thunderstorm typhoon tornado hurricane sandstorm etc 2 表示发生 1 abigfirebrokeout 2 anearthquakehappenedin occurredin hit struckthedistrict 常用表达 3 表示起因 1 thecauseofthefirewascarelessness 2 thefirewasduetothefactthatsomeonedroppedalightedcigarette 4 表示财产损失词汇 cause suffergreatlosses damage inruins missing burndown washaway blowaway cutoff句式 1 thestormcausedgreatdamagetothecrops 2 aftertheearthquake water gasandelectricitywereallcutoff 3 thebigfloods whichoccurredin1998 causedgreatlosses 5 表示人员伤亡词汇 getkilled injure loseone slife句式 tensofthousandsofpeoplelosttheirpreciouslivesowingtothestrongearthquakeinsichuanprovince 6 表示过程与处理方式词汇 sendsb tohospital callinthepolice callforadoctor句式 1 thefirelastedabouttwohoursandwasfinallyputoutintheafternoon 2 fortunately theinjuredpeopleweresenttohospitalwithoutdelay 根据以下提示用英语写一篇100词左右的关于某地地震情况的文章 题目为 asevereearthquake 受灾情况如下 1 一万多人遇难 两万多人失踪 2 地震引发海啸 tsunami 与核泄露 anuclearleakage 3 造成很多问题 电力供应短缺 还出现饮用水安全危机等 4 经济损失 估计超过2000亿美元 参考词汇 救援队rescueteam 估计estimate 典题示例 写作要求是写一篇关于地震的文章 写作时应注意下面几点 1 确定文体 这是一篇说明文 写作时 要说明地震发生的时间 地点 危害以及补救措施 经验教训和建议 注意采用客观态度 2 主体时态 文章应以一般过去时为主 3 主体人称 人称应以第三人称为主 审题谋篇 联想词汇 要点词句 1 根据2 更糟糕的是3 增加某人的恐慌4 多于 不仅仅5 导致 accordingtowhat sworse或tomakethings mattersworse或worsestilladdtoone spanicmorethanleadto resultin 句式升级 1 一场强地震突袭 引发了很高的海啸 ahugeearthquakeoccurredsuddenlyahightsunami 简单句 ahugeearthquakeoccurredsuddenly ahightsunami 现在分词作状语 ahugeearthquakeoccurredsuddenly ahightsunami 非限制性定语从句 andcaused causing whichcaused 2 更糟糕的是 出现了核泄露 增加了人们的恐慌 whatwasworse therewasanuclearleakage addedtopeople spanic 并列句 worsestill therewasanuclearleakage people spanic 非限制性定语从句 tomakemattersworse therewasanuclearleakage people spanic 现在分词短语作状语 andit whichaddedto addingto