英语科技论文翻译.doc

3G TECHNOLOGYAbstractThe 21 century is an ages of the information economy, being the 3G TECHNOLOGY of representative technologies this ages, will be at very fast speed develop soon in continuously creatively, and will go deep into the peoples work, life and study. Therefore, control this technology and then seem to be more to deliver the importance. Now I mainly introduce some knowledge of the 3G TECHNOLOGY.KeywordsGPRS, TD-SCDMA，WCDMA , EDGE ,CDMA2000 , WAP , SYMBIAN3 G, the third Generation, known as the Chinese meaning is refers to the third Generation of digital communication. The growth of the global 3G was rapidly in recent years. From 2002 to 2008, the 3 G operators have been gradually from the original is pale and management to the accelerated development .By June 2008, global 3 G users accumulative total up to 709 million, the total 84 countries and regions issued 3 G licenses, including effective certificate for 249 copies. Our country of 3 G development is relatively later than the advanced countries. In 2009, China was officially forward 3 G time. In the economic crisis of the downturn state, Chinas ministry of information industry issued three third generation mobile communication (3 G) license for China mobile, China telecom and China Unicom . China Mobile use our country with independent intellectual property rights of the 3 G standard TD-SCDMA , China Telecom get CDMA2000 license and China Unicom WCDMA license. 2009 as China 3 G formal first commercial .Although the technology behind 3G may seem complicated, the ways in which 3G will affect all of our lives are easy to imagine. Just imagine having a combined camera, video-camera, computer, stereo, and radio included in your mobile phone. Rich-media information and entertainment will be at your fingertips whenever you want anywhere there is a wireless network. Mobile communication is moving from simple voice to rich media, where we use more of our senses to intensify our experiences. But not all of this will happen at once. 3G is an evolution to a communications ideal that no one completely understands yet. What we do know is that mobile multimedia will hit the Japanese markets in 2001, and Europe and North America will follow soon after. 3G brings together high-speed radio access and IP-based services into one, powerful environment. The step towards IP is vital. IP is packet-based, which in simple terms, means users can be on line at all times, but without having to pay until we actually send or receive data. The connectionless nature of IP also makes access a lot faster: file downloads can take a few seconds and we can be connected to our corporate network with a single click. 3G introduces wideband radio communications, with access speeds of up to 2Mbit/s. Compared with todays mobile networks, 3G will significantly boost network capacity - so operators will be able to support more users, as well as offer more sophisticated services. 3G - At home3G is going to affect our home and social lives in many ways. The services that 3G enables will help us to manage our personal information, simplify tasks such as grocery shopping, make better use of our time and offer services that are just fun to use. Operators will be able to develop myriad new service opportunities to attract and retain new customers. Here are some examples: Youre sitting on a train and use this dead time to log on to your bank account, check your balance and pay a few bills - all through your 3G device. You save time and can be smarter about managing your finances. On a touring vacation, you arrive in a new city. You havent made any reservations in advance, because you can do this when you get there, by using your 3G handset to obtain up-to-date information, including hotel vacancies. Having booked a room, you can use your mobile to view video clips of local tourist attractions and talk to someone from the local tourist information bureau at the same time. 3G - At work 3G will not just support the needs of businesspeople who travel a lot, but will also help new, flexible working practices, such as home-working and remote access to corporate networks outside traditional working hours. Businesspeople are often high-volume airtime users, so they represent a big opportunity for mobile operators. Here are some examples: At work you receive a message from your smart refrigerator at home. The message tells you that certain items need restocking and an order has already been prepared for the local grocery store, which you can approve, so that your groceries are ready to collect on the way home. You are on the road, and urgently need to discuss a draft presentation with a number of colleagues back in the office. Pulling into a service station, you use your 3G device to hold a telephone conference with your colleagues and, at the same time, you can all view the draft presentation and make changes on line. A maintenance engineer is repairing some equipment on a clients premises and hits a problem. Using his 3G device, he contacts his department and downloads a demonstration video that guides him through the repair process.TECHNOLOGY3G brings together two powerful forces: wideband radio communications and IP-based services. Together, these lay the groundwork for advanced Mobile Internet services, including personalized portals, infotainment, mobile commerce and unified messaging -encompassing high-speed data, superior quality voice and video and location-based services. Making 3G a reality depends on technology developments in different areas. These include amendments to the radio interface to support wideband communications and in the core network. Supporting technologies, such as WAP and Bluetooth, also have an important role to play. This section provides a brief overview of some of the main technologies and developments involved. Ericsson supports all of these technologies and has played an active role in their development. GPRSGeneral Packet Radio Service (GPRS) is an enhancement to existing GSM and TDMA networks that introduces packet data transmission, enabling always on mobility. This means that users can choose to be permanently logged on to e-mail, Internet access and other services, but do not have to pay for these services unless sending or receiving information. When EDGE is added to GPRS, these data rates will increase up to 384kbit/s. GPRS will be implemented by adding new packet data nodes and upgrading existing nodes to provide a routing path for packet data between the mobile terminal and a gateway node. The gateway node will provide interworking with external packet data networks for access to the Internet and intranets. Benefits: Faster data speeds and always on mobility Almost instantaneous connection set-up Connection to an abundance of data sources around the world, through support for multiple protocols, including IP A step towards full 3G services. TD-SCDMAAll called Time Division-Synchronous CDMA , this standard is formulated by mainland China alone the 3 G standard. On June 29, 1999, the China telecom science and technology and telecommunications research institute (Datang Telecom) to the ITU, but technical invention father put forward in Siemens AG. TD-SCDMA has the characteristics of low radiation, known as the green 3 G. This standard will intelligent wireless, synchronous CDMA and software radio today the international leading technology into which, in spectrum use efficiency, the business support for flexibility, frequency flexibility and cost, and other aspects of the unique advantages. In addition, because of the huge market in China, the standard by the major telecommunications equipment manufacturer to the attention of the world, more than half of the equipment factory now announced that can support TD-SCDMA standards. This standard is made after 2.5 of the intermediate links, and the generation of directly to the 3 G transition, so it is suitable to GSM system to 3 G to upgrade. Military communication network is the core of TD-SCDMA task. WCDMA Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) is a wideband radio technique that provides far higher data rates than other radio techniques available today, up to 2Mbit/s, and highly efficient use of radio spectrum. The higher bandwidth that WCDMA provides will deliver the full potential of 3G. For example, WCDMA allows simultaneous access to several voice, video and data services at once.WCDMA is fully compliant with IMT-2000 and is the air interface technology for standards in the 2GHz bandwidth (the IMT-2000 core band), known as UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunication System) in Europe and ARIB (Association of Radio Industry Businesses) in Japan. Ericsson has been at the forefront of WCDMA development. The company delivered an experimental WCDMA system to NTT DoCoMo in Japan back in 1998. Ericsson has also set up WCDMA test systems around the world. At 2000, Ericsson announced its first family of WCDMA base stations. EDGE Enhanced Data Rates for Global Evolution (EDGE) enables GSM and TDMA operators to offer 3G services using existing network frequencies. By making changes and additions to standardization of evolutionary phases of the air interface and the backbone networks, as well as the migration to ALL-IP and multimedia networks. CDMA2000CDMA2000 is a decidedly efficient 3G standard for the delivery of high bandwidth data and high capacity voice services. The evolution of the cdma2000 standard will enable mobile systems to offer data throughputs of 2 Mbit/sec and beyond. The higher bandwidth that cdma2000 provides will deliver the full potential of 3G. For example, cdma2000 also allows simultaneous access to several voice, video and data services at once.CDMA2000 is fully compliant with IMT-2000 requirements for 3G. CDMA2000 will be implemented in the existing frequency bands of CMDA and TDMA at 800 and 1900 MHz, as well as in new spectrum at 2GHz in Japan. Ericsson is a leader in cdma2000 development, and a key driver in the standardization of evolutionary phases of the air interface and the backbone networks, as well as the migration to ALL-IP and multimedia networks. Bluetooth Bluetooth is an open standard for two-way, short-wave radio communications between different devices. It marks the end of cables and cords between mobile phones, palmtops, portable PCs and printers, for example. Furthermore, Bluetooth enables information between such devices to be synchronized. Diary information held on a PDA can be updated automatically when within range of a Bluetooth-enabled PC. Bluetooth is also going to be important for machine-to-machine communications - one of the largest growth areas in telecommunications. Bluetooth is a key development for terminals and other devices using mobile networks. It is available now for 2G networks and as 3G systems, will play an increasingly important supporting role in the future of mobile communications. Ericsson has already announced Bluetooth devices, including the T36 Bluetooth phone and a Bluetooth headset. Bluetooth was originally developed by Ericsson, but is now under the auspices of the Bluetooth Special Interest Group. It has widespread support among telecom equipment vendors, computer and chip manufacturers. Symbian Symbian is an independent joint venture supported by companies including Ericsson, Nokia, Motorola and Psion. Symbian aims to promote a mass market for mobile information devices in two ways: First, through the development of core software, application frameworks, applications and development tools for mobile multimedia devices (such as PDAs, smartphones and communicators) Second, by evangelizing standards for the interoperation of mobile information devices. Symbians EPOC operating system is already available and Ericsson devices such as the R380 are EPOC-enabled. WAP Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) is a global, open standard that gives mobile users access to Internet services through handheld devices. It enables users to easily access a to e-mail, Internet access and other serwhole range of Mobile Internet and other data services from mobile devices such as smartphones and communicators, and without the need to plug into a separate laptop or data-enabled device. WAP enables this through a built-in WAP microbrowser that lets information be accessed direct from a phone, in the same way that web browsers provide access to on-line services via an Internet-ready PC. Typically, a WAP screen will display a number of hyperlinks to various services or information portals. As well as WAP phones, Ericsson has also announced a WAP Service Developers Kit (WapIDE) and the WAP Gateway/Proxy, which bridges WAP applications and services in Internet and intranet environments with mobile networks. In addition, Ericsson provides application enablers, such as Ericsson Localized Internet (ELI) for location-based services, and WAP Application Server (WAS) providing a run-time and development environment for WAP applications. Ericsson is one of the four founding members of the WAP Forum. Since 1997, when it was established, the WAP Forum has gained widespread industry support - hundreds of companies are members of the worldwide WAP Forum。 The latest version of the WAP standard, WAP 1.2.1, has recently been launched. Our dedicated WAP consutants are ready to assist operators and service providers sharpen their competitive edge. They help todays businesses adapt to the new economy and create cost-effective, innovative ways to communicate with customers. What will 3G give usPeople will enjoy the 3G time what services it provide, the image of that, 3G is video conference on that plane; 3G is patients receive timely assistance of medical experts; 3G is fans will not miss the NBA basketball game; 3G is to share with friends your beautiful vacation in Hawaii. more and more 3G video phone All along, we use QQ, MSN chat with friends remotely. As the mobile data transfer rate, image processing, transmission, mainly the acceptance of such display devices makes mobile video chat stranded. 3G time to rely on high-speed 3G data transmission network, which 3G mobile phone users can face to face conversation. Through mobile video, As far away from the mother via cell phone together, were falling through the mobile phone lovers can meet again.3G Push into the mobile phone shopping blowoutUse the mobile internet shopping is a new way to shop, mobile shopping not only will be able to let consumer buy goods but also makes the satisfaction convenient for consumers to pick and choose goods compared with the constant .With the improvement of Chinas 3G network , more and more users will choose to phone shopping patterns. Chinas mobile phone shop will grow rapidly in a period.Online businesses not only include clothing, books, cell phones, toys, audio-visual products and other daily goods put on the network shelf, cars, laptop computers, jewelry and other luxury goods are also options for the list. One need only log out of 3G mobile phone shopping website of product information, we can buy our favorite items. Online shopping is not only cheaper than the mall , better able to send home delivery. If not satisfied can return on schedule, on-line business integrity committed to ensuring that the consumers shopping safety.Broadband Internet access to mobile phones to be a small computerAlthough China has just begun the road to 3G, broadband internet access business has been a bright spot, we can send and receive voice messages on the phone, write a blog, chat, search, download and so on, as well as top-notch services such as online games, mobile navigation, online chat and so on.the key to the Mobile Office-OA systemAlthough compared with traditional office, automation system greatly improves the working efficiency. However, the limitations of the regions OA system is limited to local area network applications, this office brings to enterprises a lot of inconvenience. Mobile office can keep in touch with units and complete work in anytime and at anywhere. 3G mobile phones can download and install office, java and other office software, office software and hardware will be the traditional compression in the palm of a large mobile phone. LCD TVs will be included in Mobile TVMobile TV is to use with the operating system and streaming video-enabled smart phones to watch TV business. It is a multimedia that use CMMB technology, whether it is GPRS mobile phone or CD- MA1X phone, need to be equipped with mobile terminal operating system to install the appropriate player software. TV programs from the corresponding mobile communication company or by the corresponding SP to organize and deliver. Despite the development of a thriving scene 3G, but because mobile streaming media software, smooth video images and other technical aspects of picture quality there are some problems, Mobile TV strides also takes some time. 3G技术摘要：21世纪是信息经济的时代，作为这个时代的代表技术，3G技术将在非常快的速度发展很快，不断创造性地将进入人们的工作，学习和生活中深。因此，控制这种技术，然后似乎更有重要性。现在，我主要介绍一些3G技术的知识。关键字：探地雷达，TD-SCDMA，WCDMA，边缘，CDMA2000，桅索制动器，操作系统使用的手机设备3G，全称为3rd Generation，中文含义就是指第三代数字通信。全球3G近年来快速成长，从2002年到2008年，全球3G运营商已经逐步从最初的惨淡经营转为现在的加速发展，截止2008年6月，全球3G用户累计已达到7.09亿，全球共有84个国家和地区发放了3G许可证，其中有效证为249张。我国3G发展相对先进国家比较晚，2009年我国才正式迈进3G时代，在经济危机低迷的状态下，2009年1月7日，中国工业和信息化部为中国移动、中国电信和中国联通发放3张第三代移动通信（3G）牌照。中国移动使用我国具有自主知识产权的3G标准TD-SCDMA，中国电信获得CDMA2000牌照，中国联通获得WCDMA牌照。2009年成为中国3G正式商用年。虽然在 3 G 后面的技术可能很复杂, 但是3 G 将会在我们生活中产生的影响是我们可以想象的。 仅仅想像在你的行动电话中加入照相机、摄像机、计算机、音响以及收音机功能。这样，无论何时何地你都将能够通过无线网络获得大量的媒体信息和娱乐。 移动通信正在由单一的语音通信向多媒体方向发展,通过此途径来加深我们对外界的感觉。 但不是这全部都将立刻发生。至今为止没有一个人能够完全掌握3G的发展的