英语翻译理论与实践2004,2004答案.pdf

北京外国语大学北京外国语大学 2004 年硕士研究生入学考试英语翻译理论与实践专业试卷年硕士研究生入学考试英语翻译理论与实践专业试卷 Translate the following passage into Chinese using the answer sheet provided 35 points AN INSIDIOUS NARCOTIC By Marie Winn Because television is so wonderfully available a child amuser and child defuser capable of rendering a volatile three year old harmless at the flick of a switch parents grow to depend upon it in the course of their daily lives And as they continue to utilize television day after day its importance in their children s lives increases From a simple source of entertainment provided by parents when they need a break from childcare television gradually changes into a powerful and disruptive presence in family life But despite their increasing resentment of television s intrusion into their family life and despite their considerable guilt at not being able to control their children s viewing parents do not take steps to extricate themselves from television s domination They can no longer cope without it In 1948 Jack Gould the first television critic of The New York Times described the impact of the then new medium on American families Children s hours on television admittedly are an insidious narcotic for the parent With the tots fanned out on the floor in front of the receiver a strange if wonderful quiet seems at hand On first glance it may appear that Gould s pen had slipped Surely it was the strangely quiet children who were narcotised by the television set not the parents But indeed he had penetrated to the heart of the problem before the problem had fully materialized before anyone dreamed that children would one day spend more of their waking hours watching television than at any other single activity It is in fact the parents for whom television is an irresistible narcotic not through their own viewing although frequently this too is the case but at a remove through their children fanned out in front of the receiver strangely quiet Surely there can be no more insidious a drug than one that you must administer to others in order to achieve an effect for yourself Translate the following passage into Chinese using the answer sheet provided 35 points April By Josephine W Johnson The hillside is held up by clumps of flowers on hairy stems The petals lavender and white and pink and purple and sometimes a rare pale blue The same spot of earth riddled with moss snail shells oak leaves produces this pale rainbow They last very little longer than a rainbow and returning in a day or two one finds no flowers only hare green pods and a crop of odd cut leaves These spring pools of flowers rising year after year in the same place are a recurring joy that never fails It is one of the joys of living for years in the same place This is not limited to wild land nor to large places but few stay long enough even on one small spot or care enough to plant the reoccurring seed and know this seasonal miracle In the north pasture the title pasture by courtesy only now a pool of mint rises each spring a lavender pond filled mice It is filled with the humming of the bees and the spicy smell of the mint leaves leaves rich green convoluted as seashells and the pool widens into a wider pool of white pansy violets like a foam at the far edges The wild pansies are separate and move in the wind This is the view from the woodchuck s den above the draw His porch is well beaten down paths lead to it under the raspberry hoops Wrens sputter around on the ravine rocks and broken crockery from the old rabbit hutches All this view is probably wasted on his stupid dogginess Unless like Pythagoras he thinks of the violet leaves as spinach The morning sun warms his front porch the mists over the cool stones withdraw I think of him coming out and contemplating this fresh April world the smell of broken mint the brought their spirits down But in good truth he is not emerging that early and if it is a cold day he is not emerging at all Translate the following passage into English using the answer sheet provided 50 points 有人家甚富 止有一男 宠恣过常 游市 见一女子美丽 卖胡粉 注 旧时用来擦 脸的铅粉 爱之 无由自达 乃托买粉 日往市 得粉便去 初无所言积渐久 女深疑之 明日复来 问曰 君买粉 将欲何施 答曰 意相爱乐 不敢自达 然恒欲相见 故假 此以观姿耳 女怅然有感 遂相许以私 克以明夕 其夜 安坐堂屋 以俟女来 薄暮果到 男不胜其悦 把臂曰 宿愿始伸于此 欢 踊遂死 女惶惧 不知所以 因遁去 明还粉店 当就殡殓 发箧笥中 见百余裹胡粉 大小一积 其母曰 杀吾儿者 必此粉也 入市遍买胡粉 次此女 比之手迹如先 遂执问女曰 何杀吾儿 女闻呜咽 具以实陈 父母不信 遂以诉官 女 妾岂复吝死 乞一临尸尽哀 县令许焉 径往 抚之恸器 曰 不幸致此 若死魂而灵 复何恨哉 男豁然更生 具说情状 遂为夫妇 子孙繁茂 Essay questions Answer the following questions in English in around 300 words respectively using the answer sheet provided 15 2 30 points 1 Despite the fact that it has been carried out by generation after generation of people translation has been deemed by quite a number of scholars and writers as a mission impossible The German philologist Wilhelm von Humboldt described it as an attempt as solving an impossible task and the American poet Robert Frost said poetry is what gets lost in translation To what extent do YOU think translation is possible 2 Translation is basically a cultural phenomenon What do you think are the cultural factors that may play a role in translation According to your own experience what are the extra linguistic factors that may affect one s translation 答案部分 答案部分 北京外国语大学北京外国语大学 2004 年硕士研究生入学考试英语翻译理论与实践专业试卷年硕士研究生入学考试英语翻译理论与实践专业试卷 Translate the following passage into Chinese using the answer sheet provided 35 points AN INSIDIOUS NARCOTIC By Marie Winn Because television is so wonderfully available a child amuser and child defuser capable of rendering a volatile three year old harmless at the flick of a switch parents grow to depend upon it in the course of their daily lives And as they continue to utilize television day after day its importance in their children s lives increases From a simple source of entertainment provided by parents when they need a break from childcare television gradually changes into a powerful and disruptive presence in family life But despite their increasing resentment of television s intrusion into their family life and despite their considerable guilt at not being able to control their children s viewing parents do not take steps to extricate themselves from television s domination They can no longer cope without it In 1948 Jack Gould the first television critic of The New York Times described the impact of the then new medium on American families Children s hours on television admittedly are an insidious narcotic for the parent With the tots fanned out on the floor in front of the receiver a strange if wonderful quiet seems at hand On first glance it may appear that Gould s pen had slipped Surely it was the strangely quiet children who were narcotised by the television set not the parents But indeed he had penetrated to the heart of the problem before the problem had fully materialized before anyone dreamed that children would one day spend more of their waking hours watching television than at any other single activity It is in fact the parents for whom television is an irresistible narcotic not through their own viewing although frequently this too is the case but at a remove through their children fanned out in front of the receiver strangely quiet Surely there can be no more insidious a drug than one that you must administer to others in order to achieve an effect for yourself 译文 译文 一种有毒而诱人的麻醉剂一种有毒而诱人的麻醉剂 玛丽 温 用电视来逗孩子缓和孩子情绪很是方便有效 只要轻按开关就能让喜怒无常的三岁小孩 变得乖乖的 因此在日常生活中父母们越来越依赖电视 而且随着他们日复一日地用电视来 哄孩子 电视在孩子的生活中也变得越来越重要 一开始 父母只有在照顾孩子累了需要休 息一下的时候 才打开电视哄孩子开心 供孩子消遣 而现在电视对家庭生活的影响逐渐变 得强大而具破坏性 然而 尽管电视入侵家庭生活 家长觉得它越来越讨厌 尽管孩子看电 视不受节制 家长有相当大的责任 但他们并没有采取行动摆脱电视的控制 没有电视 他 们就过不下去了 1948 年 杰克 古尔德率先在 纽约时报 上对批评电视 他是这样描述电视这一当时的 新型传播媒介对美国家庭的影响的 孩子看电视的时间无疑是给家长注射的一种有毒 而又诱人的麻醉剂 小娃娃们坐在地板上围着电视屏幕安安静静地看电视 一种算不 上奇妙多少也让人觉得有点奇怪的安静似乎伸手可及 乍一看 可能还以为是古尔德的笔误 被电视机给麻醉了的理应是安静得出奇的孩子 而不是家长 然而 古尔德其实是在问题还没有完全暴露之前 就已经触及其核心了 之前 人们做梦都想不到孩子以后每天醒着时用于看电视的时间会比花在其他任何一项日常活动 上的时间都多 事实上 电视确实成了父母难以抗拒的麻醉剂 并不是因为他们自己看电视 尽管往往他们自己确实也看电视 而是跳过他们自己 在孩子 在那群围坐在电视屏幕 前安静得出奇的娃娃身上起作用 这种麻醉剂需要注射到别人体内你自己才能得到享受 这 无疑是最毒又最诱人的麻醉剂了 Translate the following passage into Chinese using the answer sheet provided 35 points April By Josephine W Johnson The hillside is held up by clumps of flowers on hairy stems The petals lavender and white and pink and purple and sometimes a rare pale blue The same spot of earth riddled with moss snail shells ferns oak leaves produces this pale rainbow They last very little longer than a rainbow and returning in a day or two one finds no flowers only hard green pods and a crop of odd cut leaves These spring pools of flowers rising year after year in the same place are a recurring joy that never fails It is one of the joys of living for years in the same place This is not limited to wild land nor to large places but few stay long enough even on one small spot or care enough to plant the reoccurring seed and know this seasonal miracle In the north pasture the title pasture by courtesy only now a pool of mint rises each spring a lavender pond filled bees great bumblebees small yellow bees and the brown furry bees like winged mice It is filled with the humming of the bees and the spicy smell of the mint leaves leaves rich green convoluted as seashells and the pool widens into a wider pool of white pansy violets like a foam at the far edges The wild pansies are separate and move in the wind This is the view from the woodchuck s den above the draw His porch is well beaten down paths lead to it under the raspberry hoops Wrens sputter around on the ravine rocks and broken crockery from the old rabbit hutches All this view is probably wasted on his stupid dogginess Unless like Pythagoras he thinks of the violet leaves as spinach The morning sun warms his front porch the mists over the cool stones withdraw I think of him coming out and contemplating this fresh April world the smell of broken mint the violets moving in the morning breeze the trilling sounds of wrens before the day has brought their spirits down But in good truth he is not emerging that early and if it is a cold day he is not emerging at all 译文 译文 四月四月 约瑟芬 W 约翰逊 一丛丛花 长在毛茸茸的茎上 好像把山坡托了起来似的 花瓣有淡紫色的 白色的 粉色 的 紫色的 有时还有罕见的灰蓝色花瓣 原来这片土地上长满了苔藓 蕨类植物 落 满了橡树叶 还爬着蜗牛 还有蜗牛壳 现在这同一片土地上生长了这么一条浅色的彩 虹 这些花的寿命跟彩虹差不多 过一两天再来就看不到花了 只剩下硬硬的绿色的荚和许 多奇形怪状的叶子了 这一片片春花年复一年在这同一片土地上盛开 每年都能给人们带来喜悦 在同一个地 方住上好多年能获得许多乐趣 而这就是其中之一 这种乐趣并非只在野外才有 也并非只 有大地方才有 然而很少有人能在哪怕一个一个小地方待足够长的时间 有足够的兴致 有心来 播下每年都会开花的种子 来亲历这每隔一段时间就会发生的奇迹 北边的牧场 牧场 现在只是出于礼貌的称呼有点言过其实 每年都有一大片薄荷盛 开 犹如一个浅紫色的池塘 里面飞满了蜜蜂 有大个儿的大黄蜂 小个儿的黄色蜜蜂 还 有长着棕色绒毛的蜜蜂 模样就像长了翅膀的老鼠 花池中蜜蜂的嗡嗡声不绝于耳 绿色的 薄荷叶生长得很茂盛 叶子卷曲着形状有如海贝壳 散发出的刺激性香味弥漫在花池中 这 片花向外延伸渐渐融入一大片白色的三色堇中 就好像远处池塘边泛起白色的浪花 野生的 三色堇互相隔开 随着风轻轻摆动 这片景象是从花白旱獭位于洼地上方的巢穴中看到的 洞口已然破败不堪 有小径通 向他位于的悬钩子丛中巢穴 在沟壑的岩石上 在旧兔舍的碎瓦上有鹪鹩在扑腾 发出噼噼 啪啪的响声 由于旱獭傻乎乎地老躲在洞里 蠢得要命所有这些景色很可能都白白浪费了 除非他像毕达哥拉斯那样 把紫罗兰的叶子误认为可以吃的菠菜叶 早晨的阳光温暖着他的 洞口 冰凉的石头上雾气散去了 我想象着在天色大亮万物灵气渐退之前 旱獭从巢穴中出 来 凝视着这四月清新的世界 闻着折断的薄荷发出的香气 看着紫罗兰花随着清晨的微风 轻轻摇摆 听着鹪鹩尖声的啼叫 可事实上 他不可能那么早就出洞 如果是个大冷天的话 他根本就不会出来 Translate the following passage into English using the answer sheet provided 50 points 有人家甚富 止有一男 宠恣过常 游市 见一女子美丽 卖胡粉 注 旧时用来擦 脸的铅粉 爱之 无由自达 乃托买粉 日往市 得粉便去 初无所言 积渐久 女深疑 之 明日复来 问曰 君买此粉 将欲何施 答曰 意相爱乐 不敢自达 然恒欲相见 故假此以观姿耳 女怅然有感 遂相许以私 克以明夕 其夜 安坐堂屋 以俟女来 薄暮果到 男不胜其悦 把臂曰 宿愿始伸于此 欢 踊遂死 女惶惧 不知所以 因遁去 明还粉店 至食时 父母怪男不起 往视 已死矣 当就殡殓 发箧笥中 见百余裹胡粉 大小一积 其母曰 杀吾儿者 必此粉也 入市遍买胡粉 次此女 比之手迹如先 遂执问女曰 何杀吾儿 女闻呜咽 具以实陈 父母不信 遂以诉官 女 妾岂复吝死 乞一临尸尽哀 县令许焉 径往 抚之恸器 曰 不幸致此 若死魂而灵 复何恨哉 男豁然更生 具说情状 遂为夫妇 子孙繁茂 Translation Once upon a time there was a wealthy family with only one male child He was very much spoiled One day when strolling in a market place he saw a beautiful woman who was selling face powder ceruse used to apply to the face in ancient times Instantly he fell in love with her yet he couldn t find any good opportunity to express his love to her Thus since then he went to the market every day pretending to buy powder using the purchase of powder as a pretext and left immediately after he got the powder At the beginning they didn t have any conversation As days passed by the woman became very suspicious The next day when he came the woman asked what will you do with how will you apply the powder you have bought He replied I have fallen in love with you I love you I thought it would be great if we could be lovers but I dare not express my love to you Still I want to see you every day so I come here to see you under the pretext of buying powder by pretending to buy powder Upon hearing this the woman got lost in her own feelings and then Deeply moved sighing the woman then promised to meet him secretly the next evening On that evening the man sat peacefully in the central room of his house waiting for the woman to come When the dusk fell she did come Exhilarated the man held her arms and said My long cherished dream has come true at this moment He was jumping about out of great joy when he suddenly fell and died The scared woman didn t know why he died all of a suddenly what to do She then escaped and returned to the powder shop the next morning Next day as breakfast time came the parents of the man began to wonder why he hadn t got up yet They went to see him only to find him dead When they were about to encoffin his corpse and carry it to the grave they discovered over a hundred packets of powder in his small bamboo suitcase His mother said it must be the powder that has killed my son She went to the market and bought powder from every powder shop Finally she went to the woman s shop and found out that her handwriting was the same as that had been found on the packets in the suitcase The mother then questioned her why did you kill my son Upon hearing this the woman began to sob and tell the truth However his parents refused to believe her and filed a lawsuit against her The woman said How will I be afraid to die now I only beg to come near to his body and express my full heartfelt sadness to him The county magistrate agreed She then went straight to the body weeping bitterly while caressing him and said Since we are so unfortunate if your spirit could make its presence felt then I shall have no regret All of a sudden the man came back to life and explained everything Later the two became husband and wife and a lot of offspring Essay questions Answer the following questions in English in around 300 words respectively using the answer sheet provided 15 2 30 points 1 Despite the fact that it has been carried out by generation after generation of people translation has been deemed by quite a number of scholars and writers as a mission impossible The German philologist Wilhelm von Humboldt described it as an attempt as solving an impossible task and the American poet Robert Frost said poetry is what gets lost in translation To what extent do YOU think translation is possible 2 Translation is basically a cultural phenomenon What do you think are the cultural factors that may play a role in translation According to your own experience what are the extra linguistic factors that may affect one s translation Answers 1 Generally speaking there are universal things like physical and psychological needs mental process feeling and moral standards among all human beings in spite of their different races skin colors nationalities or ethic groups This universality has provided the basis and the driving forces for communication and mutual understanding among different peoples Besides there are similarities among different languages For example the smallest unit to express one s idea is a sentence which usually consists of subject predicate object attribute and adverbial modifier etc The universality among languages and the universality among human beings mentioned previously together constitute the basis for translatability However despite the universality there are great differences in terms of both languages and human beings Language differences die primarily in phonology spelling grammar and most importantly ways of expressing language use habits including different word choice different metaphors and different connotative meanings etc In addition human beings living in different geographical regions have their unique experience unique histories and unique life style Therefore frequently there is no word or expression in the TL that corresponds exactly to a given word and expression in the SL In other words sometimes both the content to be expressed and ways of expressing may be different from one speech community to another Consequently there must be some loss in the process of translating and translation can be regarded as an attempt to introduce culturally unique things from one culture to another while minimizing the loss In my opinion functional equivalence aiming to convey the same or similar meaning and to achieve the same or similar effects between ST and TT should be the priority when translating If functional equivalence is the most important criterion for good translation as is the situation with most cases then translation is possible However in certain cases especially in translating literature works like poems when the form of the ST is as important as if not more important than its content then sometimes translation may be impossible for functional equivalence will have to be sacrificed by sticking to the form 2 Translators all know that we translate more than words given the ultimate purposes of translation which is to introduce something new and or culturally unique from one speech community into another In my o