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小学英语最全复习资料及练习下面是最全面的小学英语语法资料和一些成套的试题,供小升初的同学们学习。第一讲 名词和名词的数名词是:人名、地名、事物名、抽象概念的名称的词。名词分为:专有名词和普通名词。(一)专有名词有:人名、 地名、 国家名、 某国人、 语言名、(Liming) (Beijing) (China、Japan) (Chinese、Japanese) (Chinese、)星期、 月份、 节日名(Sunday) (January) (New Years Day)专有名词的首写字母一定要大写,前面不能用冠词。(二)普通名词有:可数名词和不可数名词可数名词有:个体名词和集体名词。可数名词单数(个体名词),一般在名词前面加上冠词a/an。复数一般加“”。语法重点 -名词变复数: 一般情况加s:地图maps;书包bags;老师teachers;橘子oranges;玫瑰roses;猫cats;床beds“s”发音要注意:清对清,读/s/;浊对浊;读/z/;元音对浊音读/z/s、z、d?/后读/iz/“ts”读/ts/;“ds”读/dz/ 单词结尾是s、sh、ch、x + es、发音读/iz/:女服务员们 穿着连衣裙 拿着玻璃杯 坐着公共汽车, 去上课。waitress-dress- glass- bus- class-盒子里走出几只狐狸,端着碟子,拿着刷子,戴着手表,吃着桃子来到海滩上,看教练 训鸵鸟。box- fox-dish- brush-watch- peach- beach- coach- ostrich- 以 o结尾分两种1)加es:黑人Negro- 英雄hero- 土豆potato- 西红柿tomato- 要加es一句话语法 :英雄爱吃土豆、西红柿。2)加s:竹林边有 照相馆; 钢琴上有 收音机;动物园里有 袋鼠的 照片bamboo- studio- piano- radio- zoo- kangaroo- photo- 以 y结尾的分两种:1)辅音字母加上y结尾的单词,把y变成i,再加es:国家城市有 工厂; 图书馆里有 词典; 婴儿 爱好听 故事country-city- factory- library- dictionary- baby- hobby- story-家庭 聚会吃 草莓。family- party- strawberry-2)元音字母加上y结尾的单词,直接加s:boy- toy- key- 以f,fe结尾的名词,变f,fe为ves妻子 拿刀 去宰狼,吓得小偷忙逃亡,躲在架后保 己 命, 半片 树叶 遮目光wife- knife- wolf- thief- shelf- self- life- half- leaf- 特殊名词特殊记:1)关于各种人的复数男人、女人 和 商人、 英 法 联盟a变e,man- woman businessman- Englishman- Frenchman-中 日 友好(单,复)是一致Chinese- Japanese-其他一律加s:German- American-2)中,日,瑞士人喜欢 鱼、 绵羊 、 鹿,Chinese,Japanese,Swissfish- sheep-deer-3)另外我们经常会考到一些名词的特殊形式有小孩 child- 小孩也是“ren”老鼠 mouse- 老鼠爱大米(rice)4)脚 和 牙齿oo变ee:foot- tooth-2 集体名词集体名词定义: 表示同一类别的人、动物或物件的集合体的名称叫做集体名词。集体名词中有的是可数名词,如:family (家庭) 、group (小组)、 team (队) 、 police (警察),有的是不可数名词,如:clothing (衣服) 、 furniture (家具),但在形式上都用单数形式。people(人们), police(警察), family(家庭), team(队), group(组), crowd(人群), cattle(牛群),class (班级)等均为集体名词。这些词表示一个整体概念时看作单数,强调集体中的成员时作复数看待。一句话语法:“人们、警察、家庭、队、组,人群、牛群”,都是集体。强调整体,用作单数,强调成员,当成复数。变来变去,形式单数。但不管是当作单数还是复数,这些词在形式上仍是单数,即单数形式单、复数意义。如:His family is a large family. 他的家是个大家庭。His family are workers. 他的家人都是工人。语音小课堂英语中共有26个字母,其中元音字母有5个,它们是A、E、I、O、 U26个英文字母及发音音标如下:A a ei B b bi: C c si: D d di: E e i: F f ef G g d3i: H h eitI i ai J j d3ei K k kei L l el M m em N n en O o ?u P p pi: Q q kju: R r a: S s esT t ti: U u ju: V v vi: W w d ?blju: X x eks Y y wai Z z zed字母家族名称家庭成员的发音共同点/ei/的家族都有音素/ei/i:/的家族都有音素/i:/ai/的家族都有音素/ai/ ?u/的家族都有音素/ ?u/ ju:/的家族都有音素/ ju:/a:/的家族都有音素/a:/e/的家族都有音素/e/三 趣味练习 选出不具有相同因素的字母1、A H J Z 2、V B G J 3、F L E N 4、S R M X 5、D Y P T 6、U Q W O7、H N M L 8、H I J K 9、T V B J 10、G C E Z 11、D F N X 12、M N F Y挑战一下 试着给以下字母标音N H W X Q UJ G R F M O当堂练 姓名 日期 月 日 正确率一 给下列的名词加上复数的形式book map cat picture house watch bus dressclass classroom glass brush dish month mouthbox boy baby story lady family day_key _ monkey photo radio piano zoo tomatopotato leaf knife wife man womanFrenchman child Chinese German fish foot toothmouse sheep parent Japanse二 填单词并用词的适当形式天空1.It is raining. Please take your (伞).2.Listen !Mr.Wood is playing the (钢琴)3.There are a lot of (邮票) in my box.4.It is 300 (千米)from Beijing to Shijiazhuang.5.These (小孩) are playing on the playground.6. These balls are five (美元).7. In _(春天), we often fly kite in the park8. I wanted some special (礼物)from Canada.9.Li Ming likes_ (零食) very much.10. He likes playing (电脑) games.11. Are_ (这些) your friends?12. Do you always do your (作业)?13. .The _ (窗户) of the room are very big.14. That is Jennys _ (卧室).15. There are some (小鸟)in the sky.16There are sixty (分钟)in an hour17. I bought some (东西) in the store .18.What is your favourite (运动)19The (花) bloom in spring.20.There are twelve (月)in a year.三 选出不同类的选项( ) 1. A gray B green C glasses D brown E red( ) 2. A zoo B gym C shop Dclass E park( ) 3. A Mr B Smith C My D Lucy E Mrs( ) 4. A father B teacher C mother D sister E cousin( ) 5. A brother Bdriver C worker D cook E student( ) 6. A eraser Bpencil C dictiongary D book E key( ) 7. A flower Bhat C shoes D coat Eshirt( ) 8. A chick Bpig C fox D door E sheep( ) 9. A pineappleBpeach C pea D pear E melon( ) 10.A milk Bmeat C water D juice E tea四 下列各题中均有一个句子是错误的,请将它的序号填入题前的括号内。( ) 1 A Its a cup. B There are cups. C These are a cup. D Those arent cups.( ) 2 A She is a teacher. B He is a teacher, too. C There are teachers D They is teachers.( ) 3 A Nice to meet you. B Here you are. C How you are? D How do you do?( ) 4 A Thiss is a Chinas stamp. B Thats Chinas stamp.C These are Chinas stamps. D Those are Chinas stamps.( ) 5 A what color is the desk? B Whats color is the desk?C What color are the desks? D What color are those desks?( ) 6 A Yes, it isnt B yes, it is. C No, they arent. D no, it isnt.( ) 7 A I am a Chinese. B She is Japanese. C We are Chinese D They are Americans.五 翻译1 你是一名学生。2 她有两个哥哥。3我们是学生。4他们是男人。5这些是盒子。6 那些是他们的朋友。7女孩们喜欢连衣裙。8孩子们喜欢草莓。9中国人喜欢米饭。10我们喜欢我们的父母。不可数名词1、不可数名词分为:物质名词和抽象名词。物质名词不可数:物质名词是材料、食品、饮料以及固体、液体和气体的名称。米饭 面包 肉,牛奶 水 和茶rice /rais/bread/bred/meat/mi:t/milk/milk/water/ wot ? / tea/ti:/抽象名词不可数:抽象名词是性质、状态、动作、概念等的名称。时间 就是 金钱 挣钱就要有人帮助 找工作time/taim/ money /m?ni/ help /help / work /w?:k/工作环境要天气好, 温度舒适weather /we? / temperature /temprit?/不可数名词,前面不能有a/an,后面不能加s,要按第三人称单数(以下简称三单)来对待。2、不可数名词量的表示 表示不确定的数量时,不可数名词常用some (一些),little (几乎没有), a little (一点儿),much (许多), a lot of (许多)等来修饰,如:There is a little water in the glass. I have a lot of homework to do。 表示确切的数量时,不可数名词要用“不定冠词或数词计量名词of”这一结构来修饰。常见的计量名词有glass (玻璃杯), cup (杯), bag (包), bottle (瓶), piece (块,片), bowl(碗)、pair(双)等,这些计量名词都是可数名词,有复数形式。不可数名词在表达复数意义是,相应的量词变为复数,相应地,后面的谓语用复数形式。a glass of milk 一玻璃杯牛奶 two cups of tea 两杯茶三瓶啤酒 四玻璃杯果汁五张纸 六碗米饭七袋苹果 八双鞋仔细观察发现:在可数名词的复数里,如果是表示双的事物,一般都要用a pair of glasses(一副眼镜) socks (袜子)/shoes(鞋子) / sandals(拖鞋,凉鞋)/ shorts(一条短裤)3、有些名词既能作可数名词,又能作不可数名词,但意义有所不同a glass 一个玻璃杯 glass 玻璃可数名词 a paper 一张报纸 不可数名词 paper 纸a dress 一件连衣裙 dress (统指)衣服a fish 一条鱼 fish 鱼肉语音小课堂英语中最小的语音单位是音素,英语音素分为元音和辅音两种,共48个。其中元音因素20个,辅音因素28个。元音的特征:发音时声带振动,呼出的气流通过口腔时不受阻碍。听起来非常清晰,响亮,有一种畅通无阻的感觉。辅音的特征:不论声带是否振动,发音时呼出的气流通过口腔或鼻腔时受到一定的阻碍。辅音清辅音/p/ /t/ /k/ /f/ / /s/ /?/ /t?/ /ts/ /tr/ /h/浊辅音/b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /?/ /z/ /?/ / dz / /dr/r/ /l/ /m/ /n/ / ?/ /w/ /j/辅音浊化: /s/ 后面的清辅音浊化现象可以这样归纳:清辅音跟着一个元音,前面又有一个 /s/ ,无论是在单词的最前面还是中间,只要是在重读音节或次重读音节里,一般都读成对应浊辅音,如stand, strike, speak, sky,spring,sport,student 等等,值得一提的是strike不是不用变,而是它“tr”本来所发的音已是浊辅音,但也要变成“dr”所发的那个音。当堂练 姓名 日期 月 日 正确率请区分下列单词,并将其填入相应的方框中woman class monkey party rice shelf bottle man watch time fox boy foot food potato money family milk tomato bus sheep juice key dollar child fish radio toy leaf story tooth knife photo air water bread meat wife temperature work soup luck可数名词不可数名词-s-es-ies-ves不规则变化填单词1 I like _(茶) very much.2.Do you always do your (作业)?3.The rain is falling from the (天空).4 There is some _ in the bottle. (水).5. Lucy likes _ ( 沙拉)very much.6. Lets have some orange_. (果汁)7. He has two (杯) of tea every day.8.I would like three (双) of shoes.9.Whats the (天气)like today?10. Whats the (温度)?11.How (多少)students are there in your class.12.How (多少钱) are your pens? .13.My family _ a big family.14.My family _all here.(选择is/are 填空)汉译英1 一张中国地图 2 六个男老师3 五个家庭 4 三张纸5 八个盒子 6 七条鱼7 九本词典 8 十棵香蕉树9 四盒书 10 两片面包解题技巧篇小升初题型之单数句变复数句同学们在做句型转换练习时,一定见过不少“将单数句变成复数句”的习题吧!不少学生在做这类练习题时总会有点“顾此失彼”?那么如何才能正确?完整地将单数句变成复数句呢?请走进“非常6+1”之单数句变复数句?例句I am a student. It is an red apple. This is my friend. She is a woman doctor.What color is the flower? He is at home.1 人称代词主格要由单数形式变为复数形式即:Iwe,youyou (you的单复数形式相同)he (she, it)they? 2 am, is要变为are 3 不定冠词a/an要去掉 4 指示代词this和that要分别变为these或those5 可数名词单数要变为其相应的复数形式 6 man或woman作定语修饰可数名词时,在整个句子变成复数句的情况下,也要变为复数形式men?women.单数句变复数句时,句中的形容词?定冠词?副词?疑问词?介词短语和感叹词等都保持不变. 一句话语法:单数句子变复数,变化规则要记住。名词代词要变化,am, is要变are。this, that变成啥,these, those来替它。he, she, it要变啥,全部变they不用怕。人称名词复数变, 记清不规则变化名前冠词去掉它,其余成分原样加。单数句:-Whats this? -Its a pen复数句 -What . .单数句:-Whats that? -Its an English book.-What . .当堂练 姓名 日期 月 日 正确率一 按要求写出所给单词的复数形式.1.snowman _ 2. leaf _ 3. family _ 4. city _ 5. dish _6. child _ 7. man _ 8. woman _ 9. dress _ 10 potato11.piano 12. toy 13. Englishman 14.Chinese15. wife 16. wolf 17. fox 18 peach 19 name二 把下列句子改为复数句子形式1.This is a nice flower._ _ nice _.2. This is a girl._ _ _girls.3. This is a backpack._ _ _ backpacks. _ _ _4. This is Tonys ruler._ _ _Tonys _ _ .5. This is my parent. _ _ _ my _ _ _ _.6. This is a bedroom.7. The flower is red._ _ _ _8. Here is your book. Here _ _ _.9. He / She is a teacher.10. She is a woman doctor. They _ _ doctors.11.What is this? What _ _ _?12.It is an eraser.13. She is my uncles daughter._ _ my uncles _14. I am a student.15. Hes a Chinese boy.提高题1They come from differentA. country B. countries C. a country D. countrys2. How many _ do you see in the picture?A. tomatos B. tomatoes C. tomato D. the tomato3 A cat has four _ , doesnt it? A. foots B. feet C. feets D food4. There are three _ and five _ in the room.A. American, JapaneseB Americans, Japanese C. American, Janpaneses5The girl brushes her _ every day before he goes to bed.A. tooths B. teethC. teethsThey are American girls. (改为单数句子)_ _ _ American _.These are sheep.(变单数句 )第二讲 代词基础语法篇 -代词是代替名词的词(pron.)。主语用主格,宾语用宾格。形容词性物主代词用在名词前。名词性物主代词,当做名词来用。人称代词总表格我你他她它我们你们他她它们人称代词主格IyouhesheIt weyouthey宾格meyouhimheritusyouthem物主代词我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他她它们的形容词性myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名词性mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs反身代词我自己你自己他自己她自己它自己我们自己你们自己他她它们自己myselfyourselfhimselfherselfitselfourselvesyourselvesthemselvesI love you,you love me. 我爱你,你爱我,Its my happy family.它是我的幸福家庭。I love mine,you love yours.我爱我家,你爱你家。They make a happy world.它们组成一个快乐的世界。一、 人称代词用于表示人的称谓的代词就是人称代词1、人称代词写法 一句话语法:人称代词分主宾,只有八对要区分,你,it 和你们,主格宾格是同型人称代词表格人称单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称第二人称第三人称2人称代词用法:一句话语法:主格定把主语做,宾格做宾不会错。宾格做宾指的主要是宾格做宾语,常用在动词和介词之后。例如:He will teach us English next term.下学期他将教我们英语。(动词之后)I wrote a letter to him last week.上周我给他写了一封信。(介词之后)3、第三人称单数(三单)在英语语法中,有一个十分重要的人称,那就是第三人称单数。在一般现在时中,当主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式,即常在动词原形后加-s或-es。但有些同学们对于哪些主语是第三人称单数还不十分清楚,现归纳总结如下: 人称代词he, she, it是第三人称单数。如:He likes watching TV. 他喜欢看电视。She has lunch at twelve. 她十二点吃午餐。It looks like a cat. 它看起来像只猫。 单个人名、地名或称呼作主语;是第三人称单数。如:Liming looks like his mother. 韩梅看起来像她的母亲。Beijing is in China. 北京在中国。Uncle Wang often makes cakes. 王叔叔经常做蛋糕。 单数可数名词或this / that / the+单数可数名词作主语时,是第三人称单数。如:This book is yours. 这本书是你的。That car is red. 那辆小汽车是红色的。The cat is Lucys. 这只猫是露茜的。 不定代词someone, somebody, nobody, everything, something等及指示代词this, that作主语时,是第三人称单数。如:Everyone is here. 大家到齐了。There is something wrong with the watch. 这块手表有毛病。This is a pen. 这是一支钢笔。That is an eraser. 那是一块橡皮擦。 不可数名词作主语时为第三人称单数。如:The milk is in the glass. 牛奶在玻璃杯里。The bread is very small. 那面包很小。 当数字或字母作主语时,看作第三人称单数。如:6 is a lucky number. 6是个吉利数字。 I is a letter. I是个字母。4、第三人称单数形式三单做主语时,后面的be动词,在一般现在时的时态下,用is。后面的实意动词,用第三人称单数形式。动词的三单形式变化规则:一般词尾加s: (清清;浊浊;元浊)ch,s, sh后+ es:读/iz/o结尾 + es:go,do-goes/g ?u z/,does/ d ? z/辅+ y结尾变i加es:读/z/特殊:have-has当堂练 姓名 日期 月 日 正确率一 把下列主语分类A. we, B. Jack, C. the sun, D. the boy, E. our city, F. my grandparents, G. the twins, H. my friends,I. Daisy and Mary, J. Paul, K .they, L .you, M .you and I, N.one of the teachers, O. the only child,P. those girls, Q. that man, R. these women, S. your pants, T. those people, U. the foot, V. the flies over there,W. our teacher , X. your teeth, Y. a baby, Z. many countries直接写动词原型的主语:_不能直接写动词原型的主语:_二 给出下列单词的第三人称单数形式。help_ listen_write_tell_ come study_ try_ fly_cry_ stay_buy_ say_ do_go_ ride_show_ draw_push_finish_watchteach_ kiss_ make_ have live want need三 用所给词的适当形式填空1. We often _ (play) in the playground.2. He _ (get) up at six oclock.3. Danny _ (study) English, Chinese, math, science and art at school.4. Mike sometimes _ (go) to the park with his sister.5 At eight at night, she _ (watch) TV with her parents.6.I (want) to play ball.7.He (go) to school everyday.8. Lily (like) to go to the zoo.9.My parents sometimes (tell) me a story.10.She always (get) up late.11. Winter (come) after summer.12. Jack usually (do) his homework at home.13. I usually (go) to school at 7 oclock.14. Elephants (like) to eat peanuts.15. My friend usually (go) to school by bike.四 单选1 Is she your aunt? Yes, _.A. shes B. her is C. she is D. he is2 Are _coats yours? Yes, they are .A. they B. these C. this D. there3 _ is my friend. _ name is Li Ming.A. He, His B. She, Her C. He, My D. She, His4 My aunt _dancing, and I _ singing.A like; like B like; likes C likes; like D liking.like5 Can you teach English?A us B we C ours D our6 Your coat is nice. Please _.A put it on B put on it C put on D put it7 Jenny_ English every evening.A has study B studies C study D studied8 My father newspaper every morning.A. read B. reads C. is reading D reading9. I usually up early.A. get B. gets C. am getting D. will get10. Tom usually his hair in the morning.A. wash B. washes C. is washing D washs11.Can you pass the letter for ?Amine B me C I D my12.Let helpAus,they Bwe,them C us,them D we,they13.My parents love me,and I love ,tooA it B him C them D they14.Thank you for helpingA he Bhim C we Dtheir15 are in the same class.A I and you B you and me C you and I D you and us提高题 选出错误的一项并将正确的答案写在后面的横线上1 The bird flyes back in springA B C2 Kate have an apple. What do you have?A B C3 Kate and Jim has two boxes of chocolate.A B C4 Hank often driving his car on weekendsA B C5 His father is works in a factory.改成: _A B C翻译1我是学生,我有很多书。2 他是老师,他教我们英语。3姚明是球员,他打篮球。4 我们是中国人,我们爱中
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