商务英语期中试卷.doc

上海金融学院 2011-2012 学年度 第二学期期中考试(Unit1-5) 商务英语（一） 课程 经济学 专业 （考试形式： 闭卷(A) 考试用时： 90 分钟）I. Match the words with their corresponding definitions. （每题1分，共10题， 10%）1. maintenancea. put into practice2. payrollb. a selection or series3. customc. formal rules for polite behavior in society4. etiquetted. keeping equipment in good condition5. patente. introduce a new product onto the market 6. recruit f. something done in a society because of tradition7. range g. a list of employees and the wages they are paid8. implement h. the right to make or sell an invention9. launch i. operating costs 10. overheadsj. hire II. Fill in the blanks according to the first given letters.（每题1分，共15题，15% ）The amount of responsibility of any individual in a company depends on the 1p _ that he or she occupies in its 2h_. Managers, for example, are responsible for leading the people directly under them, who are called 3s_. To do this successfully, they must use their 4a_, which is the right to take decisions and give 5o . Managers often 6d_ authority. This means that employees, at lower levels of the company hierarchy can participate in 7d_-making. The characteristic of management often vary according to national 8c , which can determine how managers are trained, how they lead people and how they approach their jobs. Janis Williams has decided to invest a part of her savings on the stock 9m . She contacts a 10b for further advice about how to do this, and he recommends a selection of different companies 11s that she might be interested in buying. He also explains how these companies have 12p in the past and how much she can expect to receive in 13d . He tells her how the transactions will be carried out and lets her know how much 14c she will have to pay for the service. Once Janis has agreed to the terms, he contacts his representative on the stock exchange, who arranges the transaction. At the end of the day the transaction has been completed and Janis has become a 15s . III. Reading （每题2分，共20题，40%)Passage 1In recent years many countries of the world have been faced with the problem of how to make their workers more productive. Some experts claim the answer is to make jobs more varied. But do more varied jobs lead to greater productivity? There is evidence to suggest that while variety certainly makes the workers life more enjoyable, it does not actually make him work harder. As far as increasing productivity is concerned, the variety is not an important factor. Other experts feel that giving the worker freedom to do his job in his own way is important and there is no doubt that this is true. The problem is that this kind of freedom cannot easily be given in the modern factory with its complicated machinery which must be used in a fixed way. Thus while freedom of choice may be important, there is usually very little that can be done to create it. Another important consideration is how much each worker contributes to the product he is making. In most factories the worker sees only one small part of the product. Some car factories are now experimenting with having many small production lines rather than one large one, so that each worker contributes more to the production of the cars on his line. It would seem that not only is the degree; of workers contribution an important factor, therefore, but it is also one we can do something about.To what extent more money led to greater productivity? The workers themselves certainly think this is important. But perhaps they want more money only because the work they do is so boring. Money just lets them enjoy their spare time more. A similar argument may explain demands for shorter working hours. Perhaps if we succeed in making their jobs more interesting, they will neither want more money, nor will shorter working hours be so important to them. 1. Which of these possible factors leading to greater productivity is not true?A) To make jobs more varied.B) To give the worker freedom to do his job in his own way.C) Degree of work contribution.D) Demands for longer working hours. 2. Why workers want more money?A) Because their jobs are too boring. B) In order to enjoy more spare time.C) To make their jobs more interesting. D) To demand shorter working hours. 3. The last sentence in this passage means that if we succeed in making workers jobs more interesting _.A) they will want more money B) they will demand shorter working hoursC) more money and shorter working hours are important factorsD) more money and shorter working hours will not be so important to them 4 . In this passage, the author tells us _.A) how to make the workers more productiveB) possible factors leading to greater efficiencyC) to a certain extent more money lead to greater productivityD) how to make workers jobs more interesting 5 . The author of this passage is probably a _.A) teacher B) worker C) manager D) physicist Passage 2Over the past decade, the environmental movement has exploded onto the mind of mainstream consumers, a fact not lost on marketers and advertisers. Green advertising; started in the mid-1980s when issues of the environment muscled their way to the forefront of marketing. Advertisers saw the consumer desire for environmentally safe products and tried to meet the demand as quickly as possible. Not surprisingly, this first wave suffered from rough and poorly conceived marketing efforts. Many advertisers embraced a genuine concern for the environment. But consumers realized that some companies made false claims and exploited the movement, using such nebulous (模糊的)terms as “environmentally friendly” and “green.” Consumers grew wary of environmental appeals, and advertisers reacted by reducing its emphasis. To avoid future trouble, many companies waited for state and federal governments to define terms and provide legal guidelines, which paved the road to a second wave. In 1992 the Federal Trade Commission established guidelines for green marketing, followed shortly by state governments. California passed particularly strict laws, setting definitions for terms like “ozone friendly,” “biodegradable,” and “recycled.”According to the states court, “California seeks to guard against potentially specious; claims or ecological puffery (吹捧) about products with minimal environmental attributes.” Texas, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Tennessee, Connecticut, and Washington soon followed the Golden States lead. The rigid regulations have left a number of advertisers confused and frustrated, although some feel that environmental claims have already peaked and are on their way out. Some believe that weve now entered green advertisings third wave, where environmental concern is now part of the mainstream.6 . What were some early problems with Green advertisements?A) They were expensive. B) No one believed them.C) They were unsuccessful. D) They were often deceptive. 7. What was the response by consumers?A) Consumers were responsible. B) Consumers were hostile.C) Consumers didnt care all the time. D) Consumers got tired of it. 8 . How did Green advertisements change after the first wave?A) They became more popular. B) They were more regulated.C) They became better produced. D) They became less honest. 9. When did the green third wave come?A) When environmental concern rise.B) When advertisers are self-regulating themselves.C) When advertisements become very regulated.D) When the mainstream also becomes concerned about it. 10. Which of the following state takes the lead in guarding against ecological puffery of products with minimal environmental attributes?A) Massachusetts. B) Texas. C) California. D) Connecticut.Passage 3The eight airlines of the One-world alliance have joined forces to give world travelers a simple way to plan and book a round-the-world journey. Its called the One-world Explorer program. One-world Explorer is the perfect solution for a once-in-a-lifetime holiday or an extended business trip. Its a great way for you to explore the four corners of the earth in the safe hands of the eight One-world airlines. You can have hundreds of destinations to choose from, because the One-world network covers the globe. And, as you travel around the world, youll have the support of 260,000 people from all our airlines, who are devoted to the success of your journey, helping you make smooth transfers and offering support all along the way. The One-world goal is to make global travel easier and more rewarding for everyone of our travelers. We try our best to make you feel at home, no matter how far from home your journey may take you. We can offer travelers benefits on a scale beyond the reach of our individual-net-works. Youll find more people and more information to guide you at every stage of your trip, making transfers smoother and global travel less of a challenge. 11. One-world in the passage refers to A) a travel agency B) a union of airlines C) a series of tourist attractions D) the title of a flight program 12. The One-world Explorer program is said to be most suitable for those who A) have been to the four corners of the earth B) travel around the world on business C) want to explore the eight airlines D) need support all along the way 13. The advantage of the alliance lies in A) its detailed travel information B) its unique booking system C) its longest business flights D) its global service network 14. We can learn from the last paragraph that One-world A) offers the lowest prices to its passengers B) keeps passengers better informed of its operations C) offers better services than any of its member airlines alone D) is intended to make round-the-world trips more challenging 15. The purpose of the advertisement is to A) promote a special flight program B) recommend long distance flights C) introduce different flights D) describe an airlines group Passage 4 It is pretty much a one-way street. While it may be common for university researchers to try their luck in the commercial world, there is very little traffic in the opposite direction. Pay has always been the biggest deterrent, as people with families often feel they cannot afford the drop in salary when moving to a university job. For some industrial scientists, however, the attractions of academia (学术界) outweigh any financial considerations.Helen Lee took a 70% cut in salary when she moved from a senior post in Abbott Laboratories to a medical department at the University of Cambridge. Her main reason for returning to academia mid-career was to take advantage of the greater freedom to choose research questions. Some areas of inquiry have few prospects of a commercial return, and Lees is one of them.The impact of a salary cut is probably less severe for a scientist in the early stages of a career. Guy Grant, now a research associate at the Unilever Centre for Molecular Informatics at the University of Cambridge, spent two years working for a pharmaceutical (制药的) company before returning to university as a post-doctoral researcher. He took a 30% salary cut but felt it worthwhile for the greater intellectual opportunities.Higher up the ladder, where a pay cut is usually more significant, the demand for scientists with a wealth of experience in industry is forcing universities to make the transition (转换) to academia more attractive, according to Lee. Industrial scientists tend to receive training that academics do not, such as how to build a multidisciplinary team, manage budgets and negotiate contracts. They are also well placed to bring something extra to the teaching side of an academic role that will help students get a job when they graduate, says Lee, perhaps experience in manufacturing practice or product development. “Only a small number of undergraduates will continue in an academic career. So someone leaving university who already has the skills needed to work in an industrial lab has far more potential in the job market than someone who has spent all their time on a narrow research project.”16. By “a one-way street” (Line 1, Para. 1), the author means _.A) university researchers know little about the commercial worldB) there is little exchange between industry and academiaC) few industrial scientists would quit to work in a universityD) few university professors are willing to do industrial research17. The word “deterrent” (Line 2, Para. 1) most probably refers to something that _.A) keeps someone from taking action C) attracts peoples attentionB) helps to move the traffic D) brings someone a financial burden18. What was Helen Lees major consideration when she changed her job in the middle of her career?A) Flexible work hours. C) Her preference for the lifestyle on campus.B) Her research interests. D) Prospects of academic accomplishments.19. Guy Grant chose to work as a researcher at Cambridge in order to _.A) do financially more rewarding workB) raise his status in the academic worldC) enrich his experience in medical researchD) exploit better intellectual opportunities20. What contribution can industrial scientists make when they come to teach in a university?A) Increase its graduates competitiveness in the job market.B) Develop its students potential in research.C) Help it to obtain financial support from industry.D) Gear its research towards practical applications.IV. Cloze(Complete the extract from the letter of application below, using an expression from A in the correct form and a preposition from B. 30% （每题3分，共10题， 30%）A Bto believe from to collaborate in (4)to result to to report on to benefit for (2)to work with to be responsible to be involved to succeedto replyI am writing to 1 the position of Senior Computer Programmer. As you can see in my enclosed curriculum vitae, I already hold the position of Team Manager where I 2 three programmers who 3 me directly. As an additional part of my job I have to 4 other Team Managers form different divisions of the company. I have recently 5 a major research and development project where my tram was asked to 6 a new network application for the companys accounts department. During this project we 7 solving a number of complex technical problems. This program is now in the final stages and once complete will 8 considerable savings in both cost and time. While I am happy in m present position, I would welcome the challenge of managing a bigger team. I firmly 9 the value of teamwork and power sharing which I know are important elements in the working environment of your company. Moreover, I feel sure that on both a personal and professional level I would be able to 10 the opportunity of working for a company with such a well-established international reputation. V. Finding out the extra word. （每题1分，共5题，5%）Read the text below about a special kind of competition. In most of the lines 1-5 there is one extra word which does not fit. One or two lines, h