黑龙江省哈尔滨市第六中学2018-2019学年高二英语下学期期末考试试题（含解析）.doc

黑龙江省哈尔滨市第六中学2018-2019学年高二英语下学期期末考试试题（含解析）一、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30 分）1.阅读理解 if you frequently travel for business, staybridge suites offer you a range of home comforts. four recent visitors to staybridge suites explain why they booked, what they enjoyed and what made them want to return. claire metcalf the concept is great, but the staff are the ones who really make it. she says. it takes a lot of discipline to always be friendly, but the staff at staybridge suites do that. they genuinely care about you. andrew roberts one of the best things is having my own kitchen. i often end up working late and i dont fancy eating in a restaurant on my own, so cooking for myself is a big drawcard. the main thing for me is being able to cook and have my own little flat. the staff are amazing. it is great to be recognized by them, he says. pauline robinson what i love about it is the way that you are treated by the staff, she says. some of the staff have been there all that time and they do look after you well. as a woman staying on my own, it is reassuring that they look out for you, and recently when i was poorly depressed they even brought things i needed to my room. ryan ruckledge the fully-equipped kitchen is great. i always have a one-bed apartment so i have a separate kitchen and dining room and im able to relax and cook some meals. eating out can feel a bit much when you do it day in and day outit makes you hate what you doand i dont want that. （1）what attracts visitors to staybridge suites? a.a separate dining room.b.a one-bed apartment.c.a home away from home.d.a lot of discipline.（2）what does the underlined word drawcard in paragraph 3 probably mean? a.barrier.b.attraction.c.honour.d.difficulty.（3）why does the author write the article? a.to advertise staybridge suites.b.to introduce four recent visitors.c.to inform us of a new service.d.to sing high praise for the staff.【答案】 （1）c（2）b（3）a 【考点】词义猜测题，细节理解题，时文广告类 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，通过四名游客的叙述，解释了他们为什么预订、他们喜欢什么以及什么让他们想要回来，展示了套房的优势。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的stay bridge suites offer you a range of home comforts套房会为你提供一系列的居家舒适，可知吸引游客住套房的是一种回家般的舒适感觉，故选c。 （2）考查词义猜测。根据andrew roberts部分中的i often end up working late and i dont fancy（喜欢） eating in a restaurant on my own，我经常工作得很晚，我也不喜欢自己在餐馆吃饭），可推测出套房可以自己做饭很吸引他，故选b。 （3）考查态度意图。通读全文可知，本文通过四名游客的叙述向大家展示了套房的优势，作者意为建议大家住套房，为套房做广告故选a。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和态度意图三个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。2.阅读理解 david rees runs a truly distinctive business. he charges customers $15 to shar pen their pencils to perfections, using a variety of tools. i know what youre thinking is this a joke? the 39-year-old gets asked that question a lot. to clarify everything, he even created a special section on his website telling everyone hes actually providing a real service. you can supply your own pencil or you can have rees sharpen one of his own favorite 2b pencils. after that, he mails it to you in a display tube with the shavings in a separate bag, and an authentic certificate which just happens to mention the pencil is so sharp as to be a dangerous object. to achieve the desired result, the master sharpener uses all kinds of tools, including general sandpapers, pocket knives and even a special $450 sharpening machine. it depends on what the customer wants to use his/her pencil for, he says. that determines the most appropriate pencil-sharpening technique. some customers buy pencils as inspirational symbols while others buy them because of their special memories of classic 2b pencils. $15 to have a pencil sharpened is a bit expensive though, right? youre not the only one who feels that way, and davids unique business has really angered lots of people, who talk of inequality in america, saying it is so insane for the wealthy to pay $15 to sharpen a pencil. but others will say, this is just our urge to put an end to the welfare state because new ideas arise along with the business. david admits his trade is sort of unusual. but there are those who actually value his service, as proven by the over 500 orders he has gotten.（1）how could david make money by sharpening pencils? a.he invented new tools for the job.b.he promoted his skill on his website.c.he saved lots of time for other people.d.he provided quality service to his customers.（2）from his words, we can infer that david bees . a.knows all kinds of pencil usersb.provides personalized servicesc.values ideas behind the pencilsd.always write with pencils（3）what does the underlined word insane (in paragraph 5) mean? a.deliberate.b.rewarding.c.unreasonable.d.irresponsible.（4）what seems to be the authors attitude to david bees trade? a.its a fancy service.b.it has a good reputation.c.its awfully expensive.d.it wastes time and money.【答案】 （1）d（2）b（3）c（4）a 【考点】推理判断题，词义猜测题，细节理解题，人物故事类，记叙文 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，了大卫里斯经营着一款真正与众不同的巴士，他向顾客收取15美元的费用，用各种工具把铅笔磨得精良，服务十分特别。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“he charges customers15to sharpen their pencils to perfections，using a variety of tools”可知david 为顾客提供优质服务，由此通过削铅笔赚钱，故选d。 （2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“after that，he mails it to you in a display tube w ith the shavings in a separat e bag，and an authentic certificate w hich just happens to mention the pencil is so sharp as to be a dangerous object”可知david bees提供个性化服务；故选b （3）考查词义猜测。根据第五段中的“and davids unique business has really ang ered lots of people，w ho talk of inequality in amer ica，saying it is so insane for the w ealthy to pay15to sharpen a pencil”可知他说，人们花15美元磨铅笔真是太疯狂了。insane意为“疯狂的，不合理的”。故选c。 （4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段“david admits his trade is sort of unusualbut there ar e those who actually value h is service，as proven by the over 500 orders he has gotten”可知作者对david bees的贸易的态度是认为这是一项很好的服务，故选a。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。3.阅读理解 it is a question people have been asking for agesis there a way to turn back the aging process? for centuries, people have been looking for a fountain of youth. the idea is that if you find a magical fountain, and drink from its waters, you will not become old. spanish explorer juan ponce de len searched for waters with magical powers in the early 1500s. but what he found instead is the american state of florida. researchers in new york did not find a fountain of youth in fact, but they may have found a way to turn back the aging process. it appears the answer may be hidden right between your eyes, in an area called the hypothalamus (丘脑下部).the hypothalamus is part of your brain. it controls important activities within the body, including growth, reproduction and the way we process food. researchers at new yorks albert einstein college of medicine found that hypothalamus stem cells also influence how fast aging takes place in the body. what are stem cells? they are simple cells that can develop into specialized cells, like blood or skin cells. stem cells can also repair damaged parts in the body. professor dongsheng cai was the lead researcher in a study on aging in mice. cai explains in the journal nature what they found. aging speed can be controlled by a particular place in the body, which is the hypothalamus. and it can be controlled by a particular type of cells, which are hypothalamus stem cells. i think these findings are quite interesting. he adds that when the hypothalamus starts aging, so does the body. so when hypothalamus function is decreasing, particularly the loss of hypothalamus stem cells, this protection against the aging development is lost. it finally leads to aging. using this information, the researchers began trying to activate (激活) the hypothalamus in mice. they did this by putting stem cells from younger mice into middle-aged animals. later, the researchers examined mice and tested for changes in behavior. they also looked for changes in the strength of the animals muscles and the way they worked. the researchers say the results show that the treatment slowed aging in the animals. cai says when hypothalamus stem cells, which were derived from young mice was put into middle-aged mice, the mice aged slowly and they also have increased the length of their lives. but these results were just from studying mice in a lab. if the mice can live longer, does that mean people could have longer lives? the next step is to see if the anti-aging effects also work in human beings.（1）juan ponce de lens story was mentioned in order to show _. a.the efforts he made to discover floridab.the fruitless work to find the magical fountainc.the non-stop search for the way to stay youngd.the impossible existence of fountain of youth（2）the hypothalamus has control over activities except_. a.growthb.reproductionc.aging processd.food production（3）what can we learn from the passage? a.stem cells are specialized cells which can repair damaged parts.b.aging is the result of function loss of hypothalamus stem cells.c.the strength of the animals muscles slows the process of aging.d.aging speed is controlled by stem cells instead of hypothalamus.（4）the underlined words were derived from probably means _. a.came fromb.changed fromc.resulted fromd.developed from【答案】 （1）c（2）d（3）b（4）a 【考点】推理判断题，词义猜测题，细节理解题，科普环保类，说明文 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，科学家通过实验了解如何延长衰老的方法。科学家给小白鼠注射动物干细胞，然后检查它们的组织以及它们的行为变化。科学家还要了解其中的效果是否适于人类。 （1）考查推理判断。根据第二段主题句“ for centuries, people have been looking for a fountain of youth.”几个世纪以来，人们一直在寻找“青春之泉”。以juan ponce de len的故事为例就是为了说明人们不停地寻找保持年轻的方法，故选c。 （2）考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“aging speed can be controlled by a particular place in the body, which is the hypothalamus.”衰老的速度可以通过身体中的一个特定位置丘脑下部来控制,可知丘脑下部影响人的衰老；再根据第三段中的“it controls important activities within the body, including growth, reproduction and the way we process food.”它控制着身体内的重要活动，包括生长，繁殖和我们处理食物的方式。可知与食物生产无关，故选d。 （3）考查推理判断。根据第六段中的“so when hypothalamus function is decreasing, particularly the loss of hypothalamus stem cells, this protection against the aging development is lost. it finally leads to aging.”可知衰老是下丘脑干细胞功能丧失的结果。故选b。 （4）考查词义猜测。根据道速第二段“cai says when hypothalamus stem cells, which were derived from young mice was put into middle-aged mice, the mice aged slowly and they also have increased the length of their lives.”cai说给中年小白鼠注射来自年轻小白鼠的干细胞有助于这只年龄更大的小白鼠活得更久。可知选a。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。4.阅读理解 china forbidden city-traditionally off-limit at night for anyone except emperors and visiting dignitaries (显要人物)- was decorated with lanterns as china celebrated the end of the chinese new year holiday. the complex, home to chinese emperors for five centuries, was opened at night for the first time since it was reopened as the palace museum 94 years ago. the complex and palace walls were illuminated with red lanterns and a light show, designed to recreate the feelings of the royal court, while the china national traditional orchestra and the peking opera performed. an image of a treasured scroll called a thousand li of rivers and mountains was cast onto the palace roof. most of chinas 1.3 billion people, however, had to watch the show on television. only 3,000 people were allowed in: 2,500 invited guests and 500 people who booked their tickets online. the 3,000 visitors can show off for the whole year, one person said on weibo. when booking for the second day opened at midnight, the booking system crashed for more than an hour due to great demand. the free tickets were quickly taken when it reopened. a lively secondary market soon appeared. scalpers were selling tickets for as much as 9,999 yuan on online trading sites. the palace museum is now on a campaign to attract more visitors, with its former curator shan jixiang saying he wants to make traditional chinese culture more accessible to the general public. more than 80 percent of the palace is now accessible to visitors, up from 30 percent in 2012. shan has set a target of 85 percent by 2020 to mark the palaces 600th anniversary. creativity today has made the palace museum younger and drawn traditional culture closer to the public. （1）what does the underlined word illuminate probably mean in paragraph 2? a.cared for.b.lit up.c.picked out.d.kept safe.（2）how do most chinese admire the night view of the forbidden city ? a.by watching tv at home.b.by grabbing free tickets online.c.by buying tickets from the secondary market.d.by receiving invitation from the forbidden city.（3）what will happen in 2020 according to shan jixiang? a.the campaign between museums will be better.b.creativity will make the palace museum younger.c.traditional chinese culture will be recreated by foreigners.d.about 85 percent of the pal ace will be accessible to visitors.（4）what can be a suitable title of the text? a.a brief introduction of the forbidden cityb.difficulties in getting tickets to the forbidden cityc.performances during the light show in the forbidden cityd.forbidden citys first opening to general public at night【答案】 （1）b（2）a（3）d（4）d 【考点】主旨大意题，词义猜测题，细节理解题，新闻报道类 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，94年来，中国紫禁城首次在夜间对大众开放。 （1）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“the complex and palace walls were illuminated with red lanterns and a light show, designed to recreate the feelings of the royal court, while the china national traditional orchestra and the peking opera performed.”建筑群和宫殿的墙壁都被红灯笼和重现皇室的感觉的一场灯光秀妆点得熠熠生辉，同时中国传统乐团和京剧在演出。可知illuminate是“照亮”之意，故选b。 （2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“most of chinas 1.3 billion people, however, had to watch the show on television.”但是13亿中国人中大多数人不得不在电视上看这个节目。可知选a。 （3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“shan has set a target of 85 percent by 2020 to mark the palaces 600th anniversary. ”到2020年shan 已经设定了百分之八十五的目标来纪念这座宫殿的六百周年，可知选d。 （4）考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，介绍了94年来，中国紫禁城首次在夜间对大众开放。故选d。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。二、任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）5.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 every one complains. even if you argue that you are the happiest person in the world you still complain sometimes. sometimes you complain without even realizing it, but rarely is it ever helpful. _here are some tips to stop complaining and give up the negative thoughts: _ when you find yourself thinking or saying a negative comment about something or someone, stop and force yourself to say something positive instead. seek the help of a cheerful friend to change you when you complain and help you to see the positive in the situation. make a list of things we are grateful for. we often complain about the things we dont have without noticing those things we already have. be grateful for what we have in our life because we are lucky simply for being ourselves._ learn to adapt to the changes. there are many things we cant change. _always find the positive side of each situation regardless of however difficult the situation is. with parents and friends support we can survive any life changes. allow yourself to vent(发泄)your feelings every once in a while. constantly ignored negative thoughts could add up if you are really going through a rough time, dont be afraid to share your feelings with a close friend or family member or see a therapist. find what makes you happy. _maybe it is time to make the hard decision to move on to another job or career. uncover what your biggest complaints are about and see if you can change the situation to make you happy. choose happiness focus on the positive and be kind always!a. change the way you thinkb. make friends with positive peoplec. the best and only thing we can do is to accept themd. are you constantly complaining about your present job?e. sometimes this list can be easy, full of hobbies you enjoy.f. so how can you manage to force yourselves to end complaining?g. set down things we are thankful for and well see that we dont have any reason to complain.【答案】 f；a；g；c；d 【考点】七选五 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，即使你是世界上最幸福的人，有时候也会抱怨，抱怨是无益的本文介绍了四条停止抱怨的有效措施：列出值得感激的事情的名单；学会适应改变；允许自己偶尔发泄；弄清楚什么让自己快乐等。 （1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“sometimes you complain：without even realizing ill，but rarely is it ever helpful”抱怨是没用的，无益的，下文讲述下面就是一些停止抱怨，放弃消极思想的一些建议，因此f. so how can you manage to force yourselves to end complaining?如何成功地让自己停止抱怨呢？符合语境，起承上启下的作用故选f。 （2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“when you find yourself thinking or saying a negative comment about someting or someone，stop and force yourself to say something positive instead”停止思考和说一些消极的东西，强迫自己说一些积极的东西，找一个快乐的朋友帮助你看到事情积极的一面因此推断本段建议转变自己的思维方式，不要想消极的事情，要想一些积极的东西故选a。 （3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“make a list of things we are grateful for”可知，本段建议把感恩的事情列个清单，感激我们所拥有的，g. set down things we are thankful for and well s