英语作文讲解指导.doc

书面表达指导写作步骤：一、审题： 审题材 (观点建议类、叙事类、写人物、食物介绍类)、人称、时态、要点。二、词及要点：抓要点，列提纲 (关键：平时积累)三、连词成句：用连词成句的方法将上述要点的词语扩展成句子。四、连句成文 （结构规范化，过渡逻辑化, 词汇短语高级化， 句式多样化）五、检查修改，规范抄写。（书写）具体细节：1. 结构框架： 第一段： 引入话题 / 阐述现象 第二至三段： 阐述主要要点最后一段：总结 （表达建议、观点、祝愿、号召倡议）2. 过渡：(段落之间，句子之间)表列举递进：Firstly, to begin with, to start with, the most important of all. Secondly, besides, in addition, whats more (whats worse), moreover, furthermore. Finally, last but not least列举两个要点：for one thing.for another thing.; on the one hand. on the other hand.表个人观点：in my opinion, as far as I am concerned, from my point of view, in my view, personally, as we all know, it is generally believed that.表达总结归纳：in general, in brief, in short, in conclusion, in a word, all in all.表因果：so, since, therefore, thus, as a result, because of, as a result of, thanks to表转折：but, however, although, after all, in spite of, regardless of, .表目的：so that, in order that, in order to, so as to, for the purpose of 3. 词汇短语 (词组优先原则，地道原则, 避免重复原则, 后、高、长原则后学到、较高级、较长词汇)1) A new railway is being built (is under construction) in my hometown.2) Through traveling, I learned (obtained / gained)a lot of knowledge.3) I like reading while my brother likes (enjoys) watching television.4) Adj. 聪明的cleversmartwisebrightintelligent / 高兴的 happy delighted enjoyable4. 句式结构：1） 将两个简单句合并为并列句。 You can do it. I can do it. One of us must do it. (either or)2) 主动句与被动句的互换。 People suggest that the meeting be put off. (It is suggested that.)3) 将陈述句改为感叹句。She is a clever girl (how / what 改为感叹句)4) 将陈述句改为倒装句。 We can learn English well only in this way. (only in this way 提前) 5）将两个简单句合并为复合句。(固定句式，定语从句，状语从句，名词性从句)The news is true. The president will give our school a speech. (It is true that.)I passed the English exam. I was very happy all the day. (转换成定语从句)I learned from the story that as long as we are hardworking enough, we can realize our dreams. (主语从句) What I learn from the story is that as long as we are hardworking enough, we can 高级句型使用原则：肯定不如双否好；陈述不如倒装妙；主动不如被动巧；简单句不如从句傲推荐句型：1. Nothing is more important than to receive education. / This is the best film that I have ever seen. (最高级的表达)2. There is no doubt that. (without doubt) / It goes without saying that. (毫无疑问的是.)3. It is believed that/ It is generally recognized that.4. The harder you work, the more progress you will get. / Our country is becoming more and more powerful. (比较级的两种结构)5. 否定副词/ only+ 副词/介词短语 / not onlybut also. 引起的半倒装。6. It is of great importance to learn English well.7. is playing a more and more important role in.8. No matter how many difficulties , we should learn to overcome them independently.9. I was walking along the street when I heard someone calling my name.10. I find it hard to communicate with .11. It has been three years since we last saw our primary classmates.12. As a saying / proverb goes “”13. 主语从句的几个句型：What surprised satisfiedimpressed me is thatWhat I would like to suggest advise put forward is thatWhat matters most is that What I learnconclude from the story is that14. 常用的几句谚语：Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧 God helps those who help themselves. 自助者天助。Its never too old to learn. 活到老学到老 Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者事竟成。A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真情。Every coin has two sides. 凡事都有两面。15. 比较好用的词汇短语：instead / instead of / rather than ; have trouble/ difficulty in doing sth; Make a difference to ; have an influe