2014书面表达.doc

江海中学江海中学 20142014 届届 Part Six 书面表达部分书面表达部分 20142014 考纲要求 考纲要求 考试大纲 要求考生根据所给情景用英语写一篇 150 个单词左右的短文 情景包括目 的 对象 时间 地点 方位 关系 内容 数据等 提供情景的形式如图画 图表 提 纲 信函 短文等 考生应能 1 根据特定的语境准确使用英语语法 选用恰当的词汇 2 使用一定的句型 词汇 清楚 连贯地表达自己的意思 说明 看图作文的 图 不局限于某一类型的图 如漫画 广告 也包括其他图片 照片 图表等情景材料 考生们可根据情景图示的寓意 内容或情节线索 传递信息和表达自 己的思想 作文应覆盖提示的要点 但应避免仅根据提示文字作简单翻译 基本要求基本要求 在书面表达上拿到高档次的分数 书面表达在评阅时遵循语言第一位 语言高级 内 容第二位 要点齐全 结构第三位 文章分段 的原则 也就是说阅卷老师最注重的是语 言 换句话说是亮点 根据语言使用情况 亮点的多少而定出档次 所以考生在书面表达 中语言上的亮点是得高分的关键 亮点一共有四种 一 高级词汇和语法 二 修辞手法 三 有效的连词 四 名人名言或谚语 首先简单介绍亮点当中至关重要的高级语法 以 及修辞手法当中的一些技巧的使用 在书面表达中老师喜欢看到的高级语法共有五种 倒倒 装 强调 从句 非谓语 动名词 不定式 分词结构和独立主格 装 强调 从句 非谓语 动名词 不定式 分词结构和独立主格 以及虚拟语气 以及虚拟语气 答题应试技巧 答题应试技巧 牢记 一式 两头 三写 四关 的应试要诀 一式 是关注文章体裁 写对格式 两头 即写好文章的开头和结尾 三写 是大小写 拼写和书写无误 四关 也就是过好内容要 点关 行文逻辑关 语法规则关和习惯表达关 具体如下 1 认真审题 至少应做到 四审 审文体 体裁 人称和时态语态 2 列出要点 在认真审题基础上 应注意逐个地 完整地把内容要点列出来 并把每个 要点用一个或几个关键词或短语写出 3 写出要点句 要刻意把好语言语言关 用自己最熟悉的句型结构和词语 注意文理通顺 语言准确 遇到一时想不起的词语 可以用同义近义词代替 也可以用否定词加反义词 来表达 亦可变换句式 没有把握的词句不要写 却有把握的可以锦上添花 不能生造 词语 汉化表达 4 扩展要点句 力求句子多样化 以简单句为基础 配合适当的并列句和复杂句 通常 简单句要加些附属成分 如分词短语 不定式 副词等 5 联句成篇 要注意上下句的逻辑关系 必要时使用表并列 递进 让步 转折 因果 等意义的关联词 段与段过渡要自然 6 注意文章的长度长度 看具体内容而定 如果内容多 应多用复杂句式 如果内容不多 为了达到词的限数应多用简单句式 并适当增补合理内容 7 注意保持卷面整洁整洁 书写书写工整清楚 书写的好坏会直接影响阅卷老师的情绪 8 最后应注意复查复查全文 看内容 忌 书写潦草 单词模糊不清 左右明显不齐 随意涂改 缺乏分段 字数太多或太少忌 书写潦草 单词模糊不清 左右明显不齐 随意涂改 缺乏分段 字数太多或太少 应在 应在 130 170 间 间 写作典型习题 写作典型习题 范例一范例一 每年的 3 月 21 日是 世界睡眠日 记者当天走访市区各大医院了解到 睡眠障碍如今 正逐渐呈现年轻化趋势 爱犯困 觉少 易醒 多梦 的睡眠现状 给年轻人平添不少烦恼 据悉 78 的年轻人睡前喜欢使用电子设备如手机 音乐播放器 平板电脑等 玩电子设 备已日益成为年轻人的 睡眠杀手 英国有句俗话 Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy wealthy and wise 这是千真万确的 请根据以上报道 结合生活实际 以 早睡早起有利健康 为主题写一篇短文 注意 1 词数 150 词左右 2 语言流畅 语法正确 观点明确 有自己见解 Possible version Currently an increasing number of young people have problems with sleep They are so addicted to various kinds of electric devices that they stay up far late into the night and are unable to get up early in the morning The phenomenon has aroused public concern Sleeping early and getting up early are good habits which can help you remain energetic and keep fit Having adequate amount of sleep ensures your full energy By getting up early you can breathe fresh air and take morning exercises which does do you a lot of good enabling you to build up your body and stay refreshed Quietness in the morning makes you think more quickly than any other time of the day You memorize things easily because you have taken a long rest during the night Sleeping early and getting up early is beneficial to your character training as it requires perseverance There is a saying in English Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy wealthy and wise This is very true I hope everyone will form the good habit of getting up early 范例二范例二 请你根据对下图的理解 用英语写一篇短文 你的短文应包括以下内容 1 简单描述图片内容 2 谈谈你的理解和想法 3 举例说明理由 注意 1 词数 150 词左右 2 开头已给出 不计入总词数 3 参考词汇 fertilizer n 肥料 Haste Makes Waste As we all know there goes an old saying Haste Makes Waste Possible version Haste Makes Waste As we all know there is an old saying Haste Makes Waste As is vividly shown in the picture the couple get astonished when seeing their crops withering dead The husband can t help losing his temper scolding his wife for her improper way of farming while the wife argues that she simply wants the crops to grow faster by fertilizing more She never thought too many fertilizers would cause the crops to die The picture clearly conveys a message that if people are eager to finish a task in a hurry the outcome may be less satisfactory and even goes to the opposite As is often the case we can t take every detail into consideration before a quick decision is made Under such circumstances we attach too much importance to quick speed at the expense of high quality which eventually contributes to greater losses Additionally more unexpected accidents may take place when we are in a hurry Remembering English words is a good case in point If you set a goal of reciting 50 words within a short time the result may let you down for you forget them easily However if you slow down a little bit for example divide the words into several parts one part at a time and go over them frequently they can be kept longer and more easily in mind Comparing the two methods we find the latter is more efficient In conclusion haste makes waste If we can apply it to our daily life we are bound to make progress 范例三 范例三 阅读下面的短文 按照要求写一篇英语短文 BEIJING August 19 Shanghai will launch a pilot textbook recycling scheme in secondary schools from this fall semester to reduce textbook paper consumption the Shanghai Education Commission revealed yesterday The first batch of textbooks to be recycled or reused will be middle school music material Books on other subjects such as art physical education and even major subjects like Chinese math and English will be included gradually The schools taking part in the program will have to purchase new textbooks about every five years and distribute them for students use during class sessions But the books will have to be collected and kept on campus after class rather than allowing students to take them back home so that they could be passed on to the next batch of students Possessing one s own brand new textbooks has been a routine for local elementary school students for decades The practice however leads to huge paper consumption officials said For instance there are nearly 2 million elementary school students in the city with an estimated 4 000 tons of paper needed each year Had these books been reused for five years more than 80 000 trees could have been saved In western countries such as Australia and America began this practice years ago which set a good example to other countries esp developing ones Edited from Shanghai Daily 要求 1 写作内容 Is recycling textbooks a good suggestion 2 字数 150 词左右 3 以约 30 个词概括短文的要点 4 发表你的看法 谈谈你的认识 Possible version Shanghai has decided to recycle textbooks to reduce the abuse of paper which leads to a heated discussion Shanghai is not the first or the last city that wants to recycle textbooks in schools I quite agree to the suggestion that we should recycle these textbooks For one thing r