2017八年级英语下册第四单元知识点总结（外研版）.doc

2017八年级英语下册第四单元知识点总结（外研版） 2017八年级英语下册第四单元知识点总结（外研版）【重点单词】1. cough k f咳嗽(n.);咳嗽(v.)2. fever fi:v (r)发烧;发热3. headache hede k头痛4. stomach st m k腹部;肚子5. ache e k痛;疼痛6. stomach ache牙痛7. Ill l不健康的;有病的8. this s这，这个(指刚提到的或显而易见的人、物或事实等)9. since s ns自以来;从以来10. cold k ld感冒;伤风11. catch a coldk t 感冒12. take te kv.(用机器)测定，量取，拍摄;(尤指有规律地)吃、喝13. take sb. temperature tempr t (r)量某人的体温14. fast foodfu:d快餐食品15. health hel健康(状况)16. well wel健康的17. heart h:t心;心脏18. active kt v积极的;活跃的19. pet pet宠物;宠畜20. member memb (r)成员;会员21. take part in参加，参与(某事)22. conditionk n d n状况;身体状况23. in excellent condition eks l nt健康状况很好24. sleepysli:p 想睡的;困的25. then en当时;那时26. daily de l 每天的;天天的27. weakwi:k弱的;虚弱的28. illness ln s病;疾病29. exercise eks sa z运动;锻炼30. awful :fl极讨厌的;极坏的31. feel awful感到不舒服32. all over浑身;到处33. perhaps p h ps可能;也许【重点短语】1. catch a cold / have a cold 感冒catch a cold 侧重患感冒的动作，属于短暂性动词短语have a stomach ache胃痛 have a bad cold 重感冒have a cough咳嗽 have a fever 发烧have a toothache 牙疼 have a headache头痛2. do much exercise 经常性的锻炼do sports 做运动3. be harmful to 对.有害be helpful to 对.有好处be good to 对友好be bad to 对.不友好be good for 对.有好处be bad for 对.有坏处4. such as 例如for example例如5. three times a say 一天三次6.spend in doing sth 花时间做某事7. take ones temperature 量体温8. fast food 快餐9. in front of 在.前面10. look after 照顾，照料11. take sb for a walk 带某人散步12. feel bit/ health 感觉健康13. by underground 乘地铁 on the underground14. ride to work 骑车去上班15. decide to do sth 决定做某事16. take part in 参加17. in the last few years 在过去的几年里18. be too+形容词+to do sth 太.不能做.19. from time to time 不时地20. set up 建立21. be ill 生病 feel ill 感觉生病了22. go for a run 去散步23. feel awful 感觉不舒服24. all over 浑身; 遍及25. rather than (与其.)倒不如;是.而不是26. turn off 关掉27. have a pain in. (某身体部位)疼痛【重点句型】1. Now I get exercise by taking him for a walk every day.现在每天通过带它去散步我得到了锻炼。2. she also takes part in the same training with us.她也和我们参加同样的训练。3. He joined the Party last year. 他去年入党了。I will join you later. 我以后会加入你们。join 也表示“参加，加入”， 但join指加入某党派、团体、人群等并成为一个成员。相当于become a member of。常见的搭配有： join+党派、团体名词”表示加入某一党派或团体。 “join in +某活动”表示参加某活动，这时相当于take part in。 “join sb”表示加入到某个行列中(一起做某事)3. Perhaps I am too weak to do any exercise.也许我太虚弱了不能锻炼。The car is too expensive for him to afford. 这辆车太贵了，他买不起。The water is too hot for me to drink. 水太烫了，我喝不了。5. How long have you had a cold? 你患感冒多久了?6. Ive been ill for 3 days. 我病了三天了。7. Do you often do exercise? 你经常做运动吗?1) since 作介词时，与完成时连用，意思是“自以来;自从”。例如： He has lived here since 1992. 他从1992年以来一直住在这里。2) since作连词时，有以下用法。(1)与完成时连用，意思是“自以后”，其后面引导含一般过去时态的从句。例如：I have written home but once since I came here.我到这里以后只写过一次家信。(2)用于“Its + 时间段+since+ 一般过去时态的句子”句型。例如：How long is it since you were in London? 你在伦敦多久了?It is just at a week since we arrived here. 我们到达此地刚好一个星期。(3)意思是“既然，因为”。例如：Since we have no money, we cant buy it. 因为我们没钱，我们买不起(它)。Since you insist, I must go. 因为你坚持，我就必须去了。8. Let me take your temperature. 让我来给你量下体温。I took my temperature last night.我昨晚量了下我的体温。9. Do you do any exercise? 你锻炼吗?You should take more exercise(不可数).你应该多锻炼。10. Take it three times a day. 一天吃三次。I often forget to take my umbrella. 我常常忘记带雨伞。Take it away.拿走!11. Jane has kept the book for three days.简已经借这本书三天了。The boy has had the bike since last Sunday.自从上周五，这个男孩就买了这辆车。12、I havent done much exercise since I got my computer last year.自从去年有了电脑，我没做很多运动。13、You spend too much time in front of the computer.你在电脑前面花了太多的时间14、Thats why youve got a stomach ache. 那就是你为什么会胃痛的原因。15、I havent done much exercise since I got my computer last year.自从去年买了电脑之后，我就没有做运动了。16、I t can be very harmful to your health. 这对你的健康伤害很大。Smoking is harmful to your health.吸烟有害健康My grandparents are in good health. 我爷爷身体很好We should do more exercise to keep healthy. 我们应该多做运动，保持健康。17. We have played football for one year now and we all feel very fit.我们一起踢足球有一年了，我们身体都很健康。18、 Is Tom an active boy? Tom活泼吗?We can take an active part in lots of activities after school.课后，我们要积极参加各种活动。19、 He learns English well by listening to the radio every morning.他通过每天早上听广播来学习英语20、He decides to become a teacher in the future.他决定将来当老师。21、Why dont you go the park with your friend?为什么不跟你的朋友去公园?Why dont your ask your teacher for help?为什么不去问老师?22、 Tom is ill in hospital. Tom 住院了She works as a nurse in a hospital. 她在医院里当护士。23、 China is a developing country. 中国是发展中国家。America is developed country.美国是发达国家。We must develop childrens reading habit as early as possible.我们要尽可能地培养孩子的阅读习惯。With the development of economy, our life will be better and better.随着经济发展，我们的生活也越来越好。24、You must take care of yourself. 你要照顾好你自己。Take care! It is dangerous here!小心，这里很危险!25、She is in excellent condition too . 她的身体也很好。The horse is still out of condition after a serious illness.这匹马生了场大病，目前身体状况仍然不佳。【重点知识】1.sick 可作表语,也可作定语,修饰名词. ill 只作表语2.get a stomachache胃痛 toothache (牙疼) headache(头疼) 用get/have a3 catch a cold感冒(终止性动词) have a cold 感冒(延续性动词)4.take sbs temperature量某人的体温 5.do exercise锻炼6.be harmful to 对.有害 相当于do harm to 反义短语,be good for ,对有好处7.first second next ,finally 首先,其次然后 ,最后.8.take the medicine吃药9.three times a day一天三次 ,一次,once ,两次twice10. once a week: 一周一次 twice a year:一年两次 这些表示频率的，对其提问用how often.11.by 使用某种方式,方法或交通工具,后接名词,代词,或动名词With 使用某种工具或身体某个部位,后接名词或代词In使用语言,语调,笔墨或颜色,后接名词或代词.12.take a walk散步, take a +名词=have a +名词 take/have a look看一看take /have a swim游泳 take /have a rest 休息一下 take /have a cup of tea喝杯茶.13. take part in 参加会议或群众性活动等, 可以与join in 互换Join加入某人团体或,成为其成员之一.14.in the last few years 在过去的一段时间里, 相当于in the past +一段时间15.go for +名词,去进行某项活动 go for a run去跑步 go for a picnic 去野餐go for a ride 去骑马,去乘车 go for a trip去旅行.16.表示建议的句型:1)Why dont you=why not ? 2)What about ./how about .怎么样?3)Would you like 你想吗? 4)Lets 让我们吧!5)Wed better . 我们最好.17.in hospital 住院,强调事情,说明生病了18.in /at the /a hospital在医院里,强调地点19.take care of =look after 照顾,照看 . take care =look out =be careful小心.20.go +doing 表示去做某事。 go swimming 去游泳 go boating 去划船 go fishing 去钓鱼 go skating 去滑冰 go shopping 去购物21.set up 创建;设立;开办22.all over 浑身到处23.feel awful感到不舒服24. sleepy adj. 欲睡的、想睡的 I often feel sleepy in class.asleep adj. 睡着的、睡熟的 fall asleep:入睡、睡着 I felt sleepy and fell asleep soon.25.from time to time 偶尔，有时26.on the way 在途中，在路上27.all ones life一辈子，28.tooto太 而不能 【重点语法】1. 现在完成时定义：也可以表示某一动作从过去一直延续到现在。e.g. Jane has kept the book for three days. 简已经借这本书三天了。The boy has had the bike since last Sunday. 自从上周五，这个男孩就买了这辆自行车。2. 现在完成时的时间短语：for和since时间短语是现在完成时的常用时间短语，是现在完成时的标志。since 和for的用法, for 后跟一段时间, since 后跟过去的时刻或过去时的句子,用since 和for 表示现在完成时,动词只能用延续性动词,不能用终止性动词.Come-be there, arrive in(at)/reach/get to /come to be in/be at , go out be out ,leave be away(from) beginbe on stop be over buy have borrowkeepopenbe open closebe closed join-be a member of die-be deadcatch a c