2020高考英语一轮复习 课时提能练23 Unit 3 Life in the future 新人教版必修5.doc

课时提能练(二十三)unit 3life in the future课时作业a：基础层面.语境语法填空 ato relieve our academic 1.pressure (press), our new maths teacher adopts a special teaching approach, a 2.combination (combine) of a popular method with a traditional one. he also makes flexible 3.adjustments (adjust) to the teaching plan 4.previously (previous) made by the school. whats more, he creates a more fun environment to inspire our 5.motivation (motivate) for learning. reasonable 6.tolerance (tolerate) for the errors in our studies 7.constantly (constant) builds up our confidence. therefore, 8.optimism (optimistic) is gradually taking the place of pessimism and we are all making rapid progress.bliu yan often helps her sick mother sweep 9.up even though going to school takes 10.up most of her day. for lack 11.of money, she has to lead a hard life. however, she is always optimistic 12.about her future, dreaming of being a doctor one day. on the way to school she has to speed 13.up her bicycle, causing the birds nearby to fly 14.in all directions. when she slides 15.into her classroom, she quickly devotes herself to her lessons. what a considerate and sensible girl she is!cmy daughter kate went home 16.feeling (feel) sick after a days hard work. 17.pressed (press) hard by a problem that was not easy 18.to handle (handle), she couldnt go to sleep. during the night i could hear her sobbing in her pillow for 19.what seemed like hours. obviously, she had reached a point 20.where she almost broke down under a great deal of pressure. not 21.knowing (know) what to do, i wrote her manager a letter 22.where i explained what had happened to her and asked him for help.语境短文改错 根据p22课文内容，对下面材料进行修改。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。it was my first visit a space station considered the most modern in space. describing as an enormous round plate, it spins slowly in space to imitate a pull of the earths gravity. inside were an exhibition of the more uptodate inventions of the 31st century. a guide showed us around three stop. in the first stop, i saw the thoughtpad used for send messages. in the second stop, we were on the environment area. there is a waste machine which can swallow all the waste availably. the third stop showed us to how the goods are manufactured by robots.答案it was my first visit a space station considered the most modern in space. as an enormous round plate, it spins slowly in space to imitate pull of the earths gravity. inside an exhibition of the uptodate inventions of the 31st century. a guide showed us around three . in the first stop, i saw the thoughtpad used send messages. in the second stop, we were the environment area. there is a waste machine which can swallow all the waste . the third stop showed us how the goods are manufactured by robots.根据提示补全句子1我知道您肯定特别忙，我当然不想占用您太多的时间。(take up)i know how busy you must be and naturally i wouldnt want to take up too much of your time2(湖南卷)得知我所处的境况后，我的老师michael鼓励我勇敢地、充满自信地走出困境。(what从句)after learning what situation i was in, my teacher, michael encouraged me to step out of trouble bravely and confidently.3由于担心被逮住，这个小偷藏到床底下。(形容词短语作状语)afraid of being caught, the thief hid himself under a bed.4你一到云南就请给我发电子邮件。(the instant/instantly)please send me an email the instant/instantly you reach yunnan5在我们房子的前面有一棵1 000多年树龄的大树，现在已经被政府保护起来了。(全部倒装)in front of our house stands a tall tree with a history of more than 1，000 years, which is protected by the government now.课时作业b：能力层面.阅读理解a(2019成都市第二次诊断性检测)a team of engineers at harvard university created the first robotic fly. designed to do what a fly does naturally, the tiny machine is the size of a fat housefly. its mini wings allow it to stay in the air and perform controlled flight tasks.“the added difficulty with a project like this is that actually none of its components is off the shelf and so we have to develop them all on our own，” said robert wood, a harvard engineering professor.they engineered a series of systems to start and drive the robotic fly. “the seemingly simple system which just moves the wings has lots of interdependence(互相依赖) of the individual components, each of which individually has to perform well，but then has to be matched well to everything its connected to，”said wood.while this first robotic flyer is linked to a small, offboard power source, the goal is eventually to equip it with a builtin power source, so that it might someday perform datagathering work at rescue sites, in farmers fields or on the battlefield. “basically it should be able to take off, land and fly around，” he said.wood says the design offers a new way to study flight mechanics and control at insectscale. yet, the power, sensing and computation technologies on board could have much broader applications. “you can start thinking about using them to answer open scientific questions, you know, to study biology in ways that would be difficult with the animals, but using these robots instead，”he said.“so there are a lot of technologies and open interesting scientific questions that are really what drives us on a daytoday basis.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。哈佛大学的工程师团队研制出了机器苍蝇飞行器，该飞行器虽然尺寸如苍蝇大小，但结构复杂，可望在未来执行搜救、农田勘探等领域的数据收集任务。1what is the typical characteristic of the robotic fly?aits automatic.bits very small.cits controllable.dits quite powerful.b细节理解题。根据第一段第二、三句“designed to do what a fly does naturally, the tiny machine is the size of a fat housefly. its mini wings allow it to stay in the air and perform controlled flight tasks”可知，这种飞行器设计初衷是为了能做苍蝇做的事，它的尺寸和肥胖的家蝇一样大，微小的翅膀可以让它停在空中执行受控的飞行任务；据此可知，该飞行器的典型特点是尺寸小，故b项正确。2we can infer from the passage that the robotic flyer can aact as a spy planebhelp do farm workcfly at a very high speeddanswer many scientific questionsa推理判断题。根据第四段第一句中的“so that it might someday perform datagathering work at rescue sites, in farmers fields or on the battlefield”可知，某一天这种飞行器可能用于搜救点、农田、战场信息的收集；据此可推知，该飞行器可以用作间谍飞机，故a项正确。3what is woods idea about the robotic fly according to the last paragraph?ait is highly questionable.bit has wide practical applications.cit gives scientists interest in flying machines.dit points to a new direction in studying biology.b细节理解题。根据尾段第二句“yet，the power .could have much broader applications”并结合wood所说的话可知，wood认为这种飞行器使用范围很广泛，故b项正确。4what can be the best title for the passage?aharvards study in the field of insectsba breakthrough in engineering sciencecan interesting invention robotic flydrobotic flya copy of the real life insectd标题判断题。通读全文可知，本文的主题句是第一段第一、二句；结合全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了哈佛大学的工程师团队研制的一款机器苍蝇飞行器，该飞行器虽然尺寸如苍蝇大小，但结构复杂，可望在未来执行搜救、农田勘探等领域的数据收集任务。故d项最适合作为本文标题。b(2019潍坊市统一考试)plants cannot run or hide, so they need other strategies to avoid being eaten. some curl up their leaves, others produce chemicals to make themselves taste bad if they sense animals drooling on them, chewing them up or laying eggs on themall signals of an attack. new research now shows some flora can feel a planteating animal well before it launches an attack, letting a plant prepare a preemptive(先发制人的) defense that even works against other pest species.when ecologist john orrock of the university of wisconsinmadison sprayed snail slimea liquid the animals release as they slide alongonto soil, nearby tomato plants appeared to notice. they increased their levels of an enzyme(酶) , which is known to prevent planteating animals. “none of the plants were ever actually attacked，” orrock says. “we just gave them cues that suggested an attack was coming, and that was enough to cause big changes in their chemistry.”initially orrock found this defense worked against snails; in the latest study, his team measured the slimy warnings impact on another potential threat. the investigators found that hungry caterpillars(毛虫), which usually eat tomato leaves greedily, had no appetite for them after the plants were exposed to snail slime and activated their chemical resistance. this nonspecific defense may be a strategy that benefits the plants by further improving their overall possibilities of survival, says orrock, who reported the results with his colleagues in march in oecologia.the finding that a snails approach can cause a plant response that affects a different animal made richard karban curious, a plant communications expert, who was not involved in the study.“it is significant that the plants are responding before being damaged and that these cues are having such farranging effects，” karban says. the research was comprehensive, he adds, but he wonders how the tomato plants felt chemicals in snail slime that never actually touched them.“thats the milliondollar question，” orrock says. he hopes future research will make out the mechanisms that enable plants to sense these relatively distant cues.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了一项新的科学研究。研究表明植物会对外在威胁相当警觉，会自动做出反应进行自我保护。5john orrock sprayed a liquid onto soil near tomato plants to amake them grow betterbgive them a warningckeep planteating animals awaydinform planteating animals of dangerb推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“we just gave them cues that suggested an attack was coming, and that was enough to cause big changes in their chemistry.”可推知，john orrock在西红柿植株附近的泥土上喷洒液体的目的是给予植物一种警告，让它们能够产生自我保护性反应，且其与第三段第一句中的“his team measured the slimy warnings impact on another potential threat”呼应，故选b。6why is the example of “caterpillars” mentioned in paragraph 3?ato introduce another animal.bto confirm the result of the study.cto appeal to people to protect animals.dto analyze different resistance chemicals.b推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“initially orrock found this defense worked against snails；in the latest study, his team measured the slimy warnings impact on another potential threat”可推知，文章中提到毛虫的例子是为了验证研究的结果，故选b。7what does richard karban really want to know?ahow tomato plants become aware of danger.bwhat the chemicals in the snail slime are.cwhether the research is of practical value.dwhat the finding of the research is.a推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“the research was comprehensive，he adds, but he wonders how the tomato plants felt chemicals in snail slime that never actually touched them”，并结合对最后一段的整体理解可推知，richard karban实际上想了解的是西红柿植株是如何意识到危险的，故选a。8what can be a suitable title for the text?awatchful plantsbgreedy animalsca snails approachda defense attacka标题判断题。根据文章中的关键词plant，并结合对全文的整体理解可推知，本文主要讲述的是有关植物的科学研究，研究发现植物有对外在威胁或攻击的自我保护性反应，故选a。.完形填空(2019昆明市教学质量检测)my least favorite part was participating in sport meets, for i loved running by myself. when faced with running against fellow athletes, i was 1 . i had butterflies in my stomach and the sudden urge to go to the nearest 2 . this year, 3 ， i was encouraged to join in a running competition by my coach.the 800meter event was approaching, meaning that i would 4 soon. i breathed deeply and tried to 5 my worries. i walked over to some of the 6 who would run with me and started to 7 with them. we were all loosening up and getting ready to run as 8 as possible.i stepped up to the line for the event. the starter raised his starting gun and 9 . about twentyfive runners 10 . with these runners around me, i 11 my coachs words, “you may be small, but you have 12 power.” so, i kept up with athletes twice my 13 . i picked up the runner in seventh place and based my steps on him, making it a little bit faster. one by one, i 14 to make it to the top four, bursting around the lap.it was the last lap before the final straightaway. i 15 i had the possibility to win. so i widened my steps, speeding up my 16 . i caught up with the runner in first place and we ran side by side down the last 100 metersi 17 him by a hair at the finishing line.my coach gave me a 18 hug as i headed back to see him. he was 19 because i had shortened my original 20 by twelve seconds at least.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者以前喜欢一个人跑步，最不爱参加运动会，但是今年作者努力尝试，参加了跑步比赛。1a.shockedbnervousccomfortabledbraveb根据上文中的“for i loved running by myself”以及空后的“i had butterflies in my stomach”可知，当作者与运动员同伴赛跑时，作者很紧张。2a.stadiumbhospitalcbathroomdstationc根据该句中的“i had butterflies in my stomach”并结合选项和常识可推知，作者和其他人一起跑步很紧张，会突然急切地想去最近的洗手