八大时态讲解及练习.doc

英语的时态（tense）是一种动词形式，不同的时态用以表示不同的时间与方式，下面就英语中常见的八种基本时态进行阐述，其它的时态都是在这八种时态的基础上结合而成的。 一、 一般现在时：1.概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。2.时间状语： always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month), once a week, on Sundays,3.基本结构：动词 原形 （如主语为第三人称单数，动词上要加（e）S）4.否定形式：am/is/are+not;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加dont,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesnt，同时还原行为动词。5.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首；用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。6.例句：. It seldom（很少） snows here.He is always ready to help others.Action speaks louder than words.6. 动词第三人称单数变化规则 动词第三人称变化的规则与可数名词复数变化的规则相同。 规则一、一般在词尾加-s。 如：looks, puts. reads, sees, skis等。 规则二、以-o, -s, -x, -sh, -ch结尾的加-es。 如：goes, does, misses, passes, mixes, fixes, pushes, wishes, watches, teaches,等。 规则三、以辅音字母加y结尾的，变y为i，再加-es。注意一定是辅音字母加y才变，若是元音字母加y，则直接加-s。 如：fly flies, try tries, fry fries, copy copies buy buys, enjoy enjoys, play plays, say says, pay pays 二、 一般过去时：1.概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。2.时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.3.基本结构：be动词；行为动词4.否定形式：was/were+not;在行为动词前加didnt，同时还原行为动词。5.一般疑问句：was或were放于句首；用助动词do的过去式did 提问，同时还原行为动词。6.例句：She often came to help us in those days.I didnt know you were so busy.三、 现在进行时： 1.概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。2.时间状语：now, at this time, these days, etc.3.基本结构：am/is/are+doing4.否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing.5.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首。6.例句： How are you feeling today?He is doing well in his lessons. 四、 过去进行时：1.概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。2.时间状语：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。3.基本结构：was/were+doing4.否定形式：was/were + not + doing.5.一般疑问句：把was或were放于句首。6.例句：At that time she was working in a PLA unit.When he came in, I was reading a newspaper. 五、 现在完成时：1.概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。2.时间状语：recently, lately, sincefor,in the past few years, etc.3.基本结构：have/has + done4.否定形式：have/has + not +d one.5.一般疑问句：have或has。6.例句：Ive written an article.It has been raining these days. 六、 过去完成时：1.概念：以过去某个时间为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前完成的行为，即“过去的过去”。2.时间状语：before, by the end of last year(term, month),etc.3.基本结构：had + done.4.否定形式：had + not + done.5.一般疑问句：had放于句首。6.例句：As soon as we got to the station, the train had left.By the end of last month. We had reviewed four books 七、 一般将来时：1.概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。2.时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, in a few minutes, by,the day after tomorrow, etc.3.基本结构：am/is/are/going to + do；will/shall + do.4.否定形式：was/were + not; 在行为动词前加didnt，同时还原行为动词。5.一般疑问句：be放于句首；will/shall提到句首。6.例句：They are going to have a competition with us in studies.It is going to rain. 补充说明:1.有些词如:go(去),come(来),leave(离开),start(开始)用现在进行时表示将来时. 例如:(1)She is coming here tomorrow. 她明天将要来这儿. (2).When are you leaving here? 你什么时间将要离开这儿?2.Be going to+动词原形+. 表示一个事先考虑好的意图,相当于文中的打算,计划,准备例如:(1).I am going to spend my holiday in Beijing.(这里不能用will) 我打算在北京度假. (2).Where are you going to spend your holiday? 你将要到哪儿度假?3. 客观难以改变的事实,用will,而不用be going to .例如:(1).It will rain tomorrow. 明天将要下雨. (2).It will be Teachers Day the day after tomorrow. 后天将是教师节. (3).My birthday will come. 我生日将要到了.八、 过去将来时：1.概念：立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中。2.时间状语：the next day(morning, year),the following month(week),etc.3.基本结构：was/were/going to + do；would/should + do.4.否定形式：was/were/not + going to + do;would/should + not + do.5.一般疑问句：was或were放于句首；would/should 提到句首。6.例句：He said he would go to Beijing the next day.I asked who was going there 一般现在时态练习巩固 1. 写出下列动词的三单形式 go_ catch_ brush（刷）_ wash_ do_ like_ have_ watch_ drink _ fly_ say_ learn _ eat_ read_ sing_ buy_ study_ stay _ make _ look _ pass_ carry _ come_ plant(种植)_ teach_ buy_ 2. 用括号内动词的适当形式填空。 1. We often_(play) in the playground. 2. He _(get) up at six oclock. 3. _you_(brush) your teeth every morning. 4. What_ (do) he usually_ (do) after school? 5. Danny_(study)English,Chinese,Maths, Science and Art at school. 6. Mike sometimes _(go) to the park with his sister. 7. At eight at night, she often_(watch) TV with his parents. 8. _ Mike_(read) English every day? 9. How many lessons_your classmate_(have) on Monday? 10. What time_his mother_(do) the housework? 3. 选择题 ( )1. I _to school at 7:00 in the morning. A. go B. going C. goes ( )2. They _books every day in the library. A. reads B. read C. reading ( )3. The monkey_ eating bananas very much. A. like B. likes C. liking ( )4. My father _to read newspaper after supper every day. A. like B. likes C. liking ( )5. I like watching TV, but my mother _like it. A. dont B. doesnt C. does ( )6. _ your father drink milk every day? A. do B. are C. does （ ）7. We will go shopping if it_ tomorrow. A. dont rain B. didnt rain C.doesnt rain D. isnt rain （ ）8. He said the sun _in the east and _in the west. A rose; set B rises; sets C rises, set D rise; sets （ ）9.Wang Mei _ music and often _ to music. A like; listen B likes; listens C like; are listening D liking listen （ ）10. Jenny_ English every evening. A has study B studies C study D studied 4. 改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上) 1. Is your brother speak English? _ 2. Does he likes going fishing? _ 3. He likes play games after class. _ 4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. _ 5. She dont do her homework on Sundays. _ 5. 把下列句子变成一般疑问句（并作肯定和否定回答）、否定句 例：I like cooking. Do you like cooking? Yes, I do. No, I dont. I dont like cooking. 1. My friends like playing soccer. 2. They speak English every day. 3. Daniel watches TV every evening 4. John is from Canada. 5. Tom does his homework at home. 6. My dog runs fast. 7. Amy likes playing computer games. 8. She can play the piano well.一般过去时态巩固练习1、 单项选择( )1 My fatherill yesterday A isnt B arent C wasnt D werent ( )2 your parents at home last week A Is B Was C Are D Were ( )3 The twinsin Dalian last year Theyhere now A are; were B were; are C was; are D were; was ( )4 your father at work the dayyesterday(前天） A Was; before B Is; before C Was; after D Is; after ( )5 Who was on duty last Friday A I am B I was C Yes, I was D No, I wasnt ( )6. I cleaned my classroom _. A. with three hours B. three hours ago C. in three hours D. three hours before ( ) 7. I came _ my house two days ago . A. back on B. back to C. to back D. back ( ) 8 . _? He did some reading at home. A. What does your father do yesterday evening B. What does your brother do in the school C. What did your brother do over the weekend D. Where did your brother go last Sunday ( ) 9. What did you do _ ? I went to the movies. A next morning B over the weekend C in the weekend D next Monday ( ) 10. The koala sleeps _，but gets up _. A. during the day; at the evening B. at day during night C. in the day during the evening D.during the day at night 2、 请用正确动词形式填空 1. I _ (have) an exciting party last weekend. 2. _ she _(practice) her guitar yesterday? No, she _. 3. What _ Tom _ (do) on Saturday evening? He _(watch) TV and _(read) an interesting book. 4. They all _(go) to the mountains yesterday morning. 5. She _(not visit) her aunt last weekend. She _ (stay) at home and _(do) some cleaning. 6. When _ you _(write) this song? I _(write) it last year. 7. My friend, Carol, _(study) for the math test and _(practice) English last night. 8. _ Mr. Li _(do) the project on Monday morning? Yes, he _. 9. How _(be) Jims weekend? It _(be not) bad. 10. _ (be) your mother a sales assistant last year? No. she _. 3、 翻译下列句子 1. 我过了一个忙碌但却刺激的周末。 I _ _ _ _ exciting weekend. 2. Jenny喜欢看书。昨晚她看了一本英语书。 Jenny likes _ _. She _ an English book last night. 3. Emma每天都看电视。可是昨天他没有看。 Emma_ TV every day. But he _ _ _ yesterday. 4. 上周六他们做什么了？他们做作业和购物了。 What _ they _ _ Saturday? They _ _ homework and _ _. 5. 今天早上方方得做饭，因为他父亲不在家。 This morning Fangfang _ _ _ _ because his father _ _ _ yesterday. 6. 你还有什么要说的？ What _ would you like _ _? 7. 放学别忘了向老师说声再见。 Dont forget _ _ _ _ the teacher. 8. 为什么你昨晚没有看电视？ Why _ you _ TV last night? 9. 他在打扫教室的时候，发现地上有块表。 When he _ the classroom, he _ a watch on the ground. 10. 他什么时候出生的？1980年。 -When _ he _? -_ 1980. 4、 改写句子 1、 Lucy did her homework at home.（改否定句）Lucy _ _ her homework at home. 2、 He found some meat in the fridge（冰箱）.（变一般疑问句) _ he _ _ meat in the fridge? 3、 There was some orange in the cup.（变一般疑问句)_ there _ orange in the cup? 4. Frank read an interesting book about history. （一般疑问句） _ Frank _ an interesting book about history? 5. Why not go out for a walk? （同义句） _ _ _ out for a walk? 6. Thomas spent RMB 10 on this book. （否定句） Thomas_ _RMB 10 on this book. 7. My family went to the beach last week. （划线提问） _ _ _ family _ last week? 8. I think she is Lilys sister. （否定句。注意否定转移）_ 9. Sally often does some reading in the morning. （否定句） Sally _ often _ some reading in the morning. 10. He is a tall, thin boy. （划线提问） _ _ he _ _? 5、 改错题 1 How is Jane yesterday? _ 2 He go to school by bus last week. _ 3 He often goes home at 6:00 last month. _ 4 I can fly kites seven years ago. _ 5 Did you saw him just now. _ 6 Tom wasnt watch TV last night. _ 7 I didnt my homework yesterday. _ 8 He wait for you three hours ago. _ 9 Who find it just now ? _ 10.What make him cry (哭) just now? _一般将来时巩固练习 1.用词的适当形式填空.(1).The library is too old.They_ (build) a new one.(2).It _ (be) 2009 next year.(3).-What_you_(be)when you grow up? -Im going to be an actor.(4).Teachers Day is coming.I_(give) our teachers some flowers.(5).She _ (spend) her holiday in Beijing.(6).It_(rain) tomorrow.(7).Are they going to have a welcome party? Yes, we _(be)(8).The day after tomorrow it _ Teachers Day.(be)2.句型转换:(1).The girls are going to take acting lessons.(改为否定句)The girls_ _ to take acting lessons.(2).The students have a school trip in spring.(用next week 改写)The students _ _ _ _ a school trip next week.(3).They are going to meet outside the school gate.(划线提问)_ _ they going to meet?3.用be going to,wants,或how填空.(1).Taku _ be an actor then he grows up.(2).What is Manuel _ be when he grows up?(3).He _ to be an engineer.(4)._ is he going to do that?(5).Hes _ study maths really hard.(6).He _ to get good grades in maths.4.翻译句子:(1).明天我将要看望我的爷爷._.(2).后天李明将要去北京._.(3).下个星期天将要下雨._.(4).明天你将要做什么?_?(5).后天是教师节._.（6）下个月我将要举行一个生日晚会。_（7）。明天将有一场排球比赛。_.(8).在未来在人们的家庭将有机器人._. (9).在一百年以后世界上将仅有一个国家._.(10)学生们将在家在电脑上学习._.现在进行时练习 一、按要求改写句子 1. The boy is playing basketball. 否定句：_the boy is not playing basketball_ 一般疑问句：_is the boy playing basketball_ 肯定回答：_yes ，it is_否定回答：_no，he is not _ 对“ The boy”提问：_ 2. 造句: 1).she,the window,open,now.(用现在进行时连词成句.)_she is opening the window now_ 2) .is,who,the window,cleaning?(连词成句)_ 3) .She is closing the door now.(改成否定句)_ 4. )You are doing your homework.(用I作主语改写句子)_ 5).they,the tree,sing,now,under.(用现在进行时连词成句.)_ 6).The Young Pioneers are helping the old woman.(改成一般疑问句)_ 二、单项选择 （ ）1.我在照看孩子. (A) I am looking after the baby.(B)Im look aftering the baby. (C)I look am aftering the baby.(D)I looking after the baby. ( )2._friends making_a kite. (A) I,me (B)My,my (C)My,me (D)His,his ( )3.Is the woman wearing_ yellow your teacher? (A) in (B)putting on (C)wearing (D)having ( )4.Look!The twins_their mother do the housework. (A) are wanting (B)help(C)are helping (D)are looking ( )5._are the birds doing? They are singing in a tree. (A) Who (B)What (C)How (D)Where ( )6.Is she_something? (A) eat (B)eating (C)eatting (D)eats ( )7.你在干什么? (A) What is you doing? (B)What are you do? (C)What are you doing? (D)What do you do? ( )8.What are you listening_? (A) / (B)for (C)at (D)to ( )9.我正在听他说话. (A) I listening to him. (B)Im listening to him. (C)Im listen to him. (D)Im listening him. ( )10.They are_their clothes. (A) makeing (B)putting (C)put away (D)putting on ( )11.Listen! She_in the classroom. (A) is singing (B)sing (C)to sing (D)is sing ( )12.Today Jim_ his white shirt and brown trousers. (A) is putting on (B)wear (C)put on (D)is wearing ( )13._are you eating?Im eating_meat. (A)What,some (B)Which,any (C)Where,not (D)What,a ( )14.They_TV in the evening.They do their homework. (A) are watching (B)cant watching (C)dont watch (D)dont watching ( )15.The children_football. (A) is playing (B)are playing (C)play the (D)play a ( )16.They are flying kites. (A) 他们喜欢放风筝. (B)他们在放风筝吗? (C)他们在放风筝. (D)他们常放风筝. ( )17.Look,They are swimming in the river. I want_you. (A) to go with (B)go with (C)helping (D)help ( )18.Look.Lucy is_a new bike today. (A) jumping (B)running (C)riding (D)takeing 3、 用现在进行时完成下列句子: 1. What_you_(do)? 2. I_(sing) an English song. 3. What_he_(mend)? 4. He_(mend) a car. 5._you_(fly) a kite?Yes,_. 6._she_(sit) in the boat? 7._you_(ask) questions? 8.We_(play) games now.现在完成时专项练习1、 单项选择。1、Both his parents look sad . Maybe they _whats happened to him. A. knew B. have known C. must know D.will know2、He has _ been to Shanghai， has he ？A. already B.never C.ever D. Still3、Have you met Mr Li _？ A. just B. ago C.before D. a moment ago4、The famous writer _ one new book in the past two year. A. is writing B.was writing C.wrote D.has written5、Our country _ a lot so far. Yes. I hope it will be even _. A. has changed ； well B. changed ； good C. has changed ； better D. changed ； better6、Zhao Lan _already _in this school for two years. A. was ； studying B. will ； study C. has ； studied D. are ； studying7、We _ Xiao Li since she was a little girl. A. know B. had known C. have known D. knew8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_ it twice. A. will s